China's molybdenum mine occupies a dominant position in the world, but after nearly ten years of continuous mining, the molybdenum resource consumption rate is fast. Based on the statistical data of molybdenum ore in the past 10 years, this paper analyzes the changes of global and Chinese molybdenum reserves, development and utilization status, design production scale, exploration ratio of mining rights, and the static guarantee capacity of China's molybdenum resources is about 53 years, higher than the world average; the development and utilization situation remains stable, but the capacity utilization rate is less than 60%; the exploration ratio of mining right quantity decreases seriously, only 1.4 in 2022. By analyzing the supply and demand situation of molybdenum mineral resources, China's molybdenum resource consumption accounts for 40% of the world, and the consumption continues to increase. Looking to the future, China's economic development of high quality demand for more molybdenum resources. There will be hidden dangers in the long-term resources security guarantee. To continue to guarantee China molybdenum resource dominant position, improve ability to participate in global resource governance, China molybdenum mining industry should increase geological exploration investment, improve capacity utilization, strengthen the low grade associated ore recovery level and comprehensive utilization of tailings, increase technology research and development, promote the development of industry high quality.