While inventing the theory of relativity, Einstein also created a unique philosophical epistemology (a pluralistic tensionalism or pluralistic tensionism with rich connotations and broad extensions, consisting of mild empiricism, conventionalism for constructing the foundation of scientific theory, holism in meaning, scientific rationalism, and realism as a research program) and methodology (exploratory deduction, principle of logical simplicity, quasi aesthetic principle, visual thinking, and cosmic religious thinking or method). The marriage of science and philosophy can be said to be a perfect match and complementary in his scientific career and innovation process. Scientists can be inspired by it and get lessons from it.