Energy and sensitivity are important performances of explosive which need to be carefully studied and accurately measured; therefore an energy and sensitivity evaluation method of explosives based on maximum entropy theory is created. The information related to energy and sensitivity of explosives is collected with statistical method and the entropy is calculated, the maximum entropy explosive is made as the most balanced one. The evaluation results indicate that the insensitive explosives are more balance than the energetic explosives in evaluation objects, the relationship between energy and safety of explosive is deduced from the evaluation results. The evaluation method is applied to formulation design in order to get the explosive formulation that is more balance in term of these two performances, the results show that NQ can become a good insensitizer for RDX and HMX. At last, a sample of RDX/NQ/TNT-25.5/34.5/40 formulation is prepared and the detonation velocity and rifle shooting sensitivity are tested, experimental results indicate that sample's detonation velocity only reduces a little bit however it is much more insensitive compared with TNT/RDX explosives, it is proved that the proposed formulation design method is feasible.