The garden greening as a subsystem of the urban ecosystems beautifies the urban environment; it plays an active role for maintaining urban ecological balance and sustainable development. On the basis of surveying the green plants in Anshun city proper, the capability of sluggishing dust and disinfection involving typical plants is studied, and results show that the plant species is few, structure is unitary, species evenness is low; in terms of the index of leaf area, the order is the arbors, climbing plants, flowers and herbs, and shrubs one by one. With the time increasing, the capability of sluggishing dust is increasing for different green plants. Among them, the strongest is Rhododendron simsii that the capability of sluggishing dust reaches 6.6298g/(m²·week) four weeks late, compared with 3.3376g/(m²·week) in the end of the first week, it increases nearly two-fold; the second place belongs to Pinus massoniana, it is up to 5.7413g/(m²·week); the last place belongs to climbing plants. For the open area, the bacterial number is significantly more than that for the plant areas, 11 species of them including Cinnamomum camphora have strong bactericidal effects, their sterilization rates are above 40%.