Chemical wool scouring method was widely used in the initial processing of the wool fiber material. This method depended on surfactant and inorganic and required high temperature and strong mechanical action. Huge amount of water and energy were consumed, and scouring wastewater was discharged in nature, causing serious environmental pollution. There were chemical residues on the surface of wool fiber, affecting the quality of scoured wool fiber and easily causing damage to fiber. In order to reduce environmental pollution and chemical residues of chemical wool scouring, the enzymatic scouring technology is researched, and the scouring strain that overproduce lipase is selected from the soiled surface of raw wool identified as Sphingobacterium sp. based on morphological, 16S rDNA sequencing, physiological, and biochemical tests. By means of Rhodamine B chromogenic medium fluorescence experiments, the H/C value of Sphingobacterium sp. is 2 (H/C is the ratio of Fluorescent ring diameter to colony diameter), and its enzyme activity could reach at an enzyme-producing peak (101.67U/mL) at 30℃ after 11h incubated. After verification experiment of enzymatic scouring, the greasy rate of enzymatic scoured wool fiber is 1.031%, therefore the lipase-producing strain, that is, Sphingobacterium sp. possesses the good applicability for the enzymatic scouring.