In order to improve the precision and resolution of a numerical scheme used to solve the complex scientific and engineering problems, it is necessary for difference scheme to resolve wave numbers with as high precision as possible. Based on this idea, a triangular compact finite difference scheme with fourth-order accuracy and high resolution is proposed. On one hand, this compact scheme could be efficiently solved by the algorithms which are recently developed to solve the (cyclic) triangular equations, therefore, the first derivation could be efficiently calculated by the optimized compact difference scheme with higher resolution and less amount of calculation; on the other hand, it has a maximum accuracy wave number of 2.5761, comparing with that of 1.13097 by using traditional schemes. In short, the optimized compact difference scheme is more appropriate to simulate small scale fluctuations in fluid dynamics. Numerical computation experiments illustrate that(1) even though the optimized scheme is still fourth-order, it has a smaller error than that of traditional fourth-order compact finite difference, especially for the small scale fluctuations; (2) for the problems involving traveling wave, the optimized scheme is able to simulate wave propagation behavior more accurately. Both the theoretical analysis and numerical experiments indicate that the optimized compact finite difference scheme is more appropriate to resolve the problems with small scale fluctuations.