Based on the geological calamity data in the mountainous area of the middle part of Shandong Province from 1950 to 2010, the climatic characteristics of geological calamity are analyzed. Main results are as follows: (1) The geological calamity in the mountainous area of the middle part of Shandong Province occurs from the middle of July to August, mostly in the middle period of July.The geological calamity is mainly of rainstorm type. (2) Frequently-occurring areas of the debris flow and landslip are located in the south and the west of the middle mountainous area of Shandong Province, mostly in the south .There is a trend that the location of the landslip monthly moves from the south to the north in June—August. (3) Its inter-decadal variation is obvious. The period that more geological calamities would occur is in the 1960s and the 1990s and the period that less geological calamities would occur is in the 1980s and the 1950s.The marked periodic variation of every 10—15 years and 3—6 years is found. (4) There is a great possibility for the geological calamity occurring if it is a severe heavy rain in the middle-south, a heavy rain or even just a rainfall of over 30mm may trigger a landslip in the southwest and the middle-east of the middle mountainous area of Shandong Province. Besides, the rainfall distribution in time and space is intimately related with the geological calamity. The intensity of the rainfall in the day that the geological calamity occurs is closely related to the preceding-rainfall.