The balanced section technique is a simulation technique about restoring deformation structure into original undeformation condition on the vertical structure, based on geometric conservation principle. It can quantitatively and semiquantitatively analyze the formation tectonic evolution, and access to a wide range of applications in the field of oil-gas exploration and basin modeling. The developing process, basic concept, principle and limiting conditions in simulating process of balanced section technique were introduced. The correcting methods of balanced section were discussed. The making methods of forward modeling and inverse modeling were emphatically elaborated. The insufficiency of the balanced section technique were presented: (1) The accuracy of shortening amount and shortening rate measured by the balanced section technique needs to be improved; (2) The production process of three-dimensional simulation is relatively complicated; (3) The spreading regularity of formation lithology sedimentary and facies should be taken into account; (4) The accuracy of the balanced section technique is largely influenced by the precision of the formation thickness. With deeper study on balanced section technique and the development of the computer technology, the balanced section technique is regarded as an effective method in particular area with violent structural deformation and poor seismic quality.