In recent 20 years, the concept of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is widely used and related studies make a big progress in many fields such as industry, agriculture and construction industry. The LCA mainly focuses on the aspect of environmental science and evaluates the impact of products on the environment and the interaction between them. This paper reviews the definition, the framework, the origin and the development and mainly the evaluation methodology of LCA. The different methods used in different fields are analyzed. In almost all methods, the environment impact is the first important issue. Some of them consider the economic factors. The Life Cycle Costing (LCC) is introduced into LCA so that the method can consider environmental and economic factors at the same time. Although the evaluation methodology of LCA plays an important role in many fields, many problems remain to be solved. It is shown that almost all methods discussed in this paper ignore the environment life of materials, which limits the application range of LCA methods in different natural environments. It is proposed in this paper to use the environment life in the place of the design life so that the LCA process can be further improved.