In order to reduce the energy consumption and the production cost of the pumping unit, and improve the system efficiency, the vector control technology and the fuzzy PID are applied to the oil pumping machine, for matching the asynchronous motor's operating characteristics with the pumping unit load's characteristics. With the vector control method, the control system of the asynchronous motor can be decoupled into torque and magnetic flux subsystems, to realize the decoupling control. The input of the control system is determined by the crank torque calculation of the pumping unit and an equivalent mechanical model. According to the feedback of the load sensor, the control system can control the torque current of the asynchronous motor. In the operating process of the oil pump, the control system is working in the real-time load adaptive control mode, so that the motor power factor is improved and the reactive power is reduced. The system was tested in the Changqing oil field, and the experimental results show that the control system can automatically adjust the real-time dynamic torque motor current, to match the output torque of the motor with the load characteristics of the pumping unit, improve the efficiency of the system beam pumping unit and achieve the energy conservation.