The terms "Web 3.0" and "Metaverse" now both refer to the third generation of the Internet. A theoretical framework for Web 3.0/Metaverse is constructed, which consists of three parts. The first part is the Web 3.0/Metaverse architecture, including the structure of the Internet at the Web 3.0/Metaverse system level and the structure of computers as the Internet end systems at the Web 3.0/Metaverse component level. The second part is the Web 3.0/Metaverse technology system, including nine Web 3.0/Metaverse technologies. The third part is the Web 3.0/Metaverse application world, which structurely integrates the virtual and real worlds into one and covers five fields, namely economy, politics, military, society, and culture, in either function or scene. A Web 3.0/Metaverse application system is a field or subsystem, or sub-subsystem, etc. of the Web 3.0/Metaverse application world. A kind of Web 3.0/Metaverse application, digital twinning, is analyzed. The first-principle of blockchain is proposed: in the Web 3.0/Metaverse application world, the core function of blockchain is to make contrust (common trust).

Electron beam lithography plays an irreplaceable role in applications such as high precision mask manufacturing, prototype device research and development, small volume production and fundamental scientific research. So breakthrough in advanced domestic electron beam lithography system is an urgent task in the context of foreign embargo. In this review, we introduce the development process of electron beam lithography systems, list the main manufacturers and latest system parameters of three most popular kinds of system in scientific research and industry, and summarize the progress of electron beam lithography system in China. In comparison with the technical parameters of foreign electron beam lithography systems, the key issues that need to be solved in domestic development are summarized. Among them, the challenges of realizing advanced domestic Gaussian electron beam lithography system are emphatically described, including thermal field emission electron gun, high acceleration voltage, high frequency pattern generator, high precision laser interferometer detection technology, and high precision electron beam deflection compensation technology. This review may provide a technical route reference for advanced domestic electron beam lithography system.

Magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials have the advantages of high hydrogen storage capacity, abundant magnesium resources and low cost, and are considered to be of promising application prospects. In recent years, numerous researches have focused on improving the performance of hydrogen supply by pyrolysis/hydrolysis of MgH₂ and many good achievements have been obtained. Based on the recent research progress, this paper summarizes the effects of the material/ structure modification and the reaction conditions on pyrolysis/hydrolysis performance of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials, and expounds the relationship between composition-microstructure-properties of solid Mg-based hydrogen storage materials. Meanwhile, the Mg-based hydrogen storage systems and their industrial applications are summarized. At last, the current results of the solid state Mg-based hydrogen storage are summarized and some suggestions for the future investigations are proposed.

The low carbon economy rising at the beginning of this century has focused on the low-carbon transition of energy structure and economic structure. China has accelerated the pace of green and low-carbon transformation of energy, continuously upgraded the industrial structure, and achieved remarkable results in energy conservation, emission reduction and carbon reduction. Afforestation and circular economy development have also reduced the carbon intensity and the green and low-carbon lifestyle has become a social fashion since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. China has actively participated in global governance of climate change and carry out South-South cooperation to address climate change and provide support and assistance to developing countries within its capabilities. China's goal of carbon peak and carbon neutralization has stimulated the vitality of low-carbon economic development. Based on the analysis of opportunities and challenges faced by China's development, it is proposed that we should adhere to the principle of establishing first and then breaking down, make overall planning, ensure energy security while reducing carbon, take the optimization of economic structure as an important task, and take the socialist modernization power with Chinese characteristics as the direction to achieve sustainable development.

We define the concept and analyze the connotation of the post-pandemic era by reviewing the recent foreign research on social impacts, risk prevention and control, and emergency management in the post-pandemic era. The current state of foreign research in the post-pandemic era is outlined, and the progress of foreign research on social impacts like urban planning and travel patterns, as well as core issues like risk prevention and control and emergency management in the post-pandemic era is analyzed in detail. The characteristics and shortcomings of existing research are summarized and future research in the postpandemic era is also forecasted. COVID-19 has had a huge impact on how people socialize, travel, and work, as well as changing industry trends, technical advancements, and social governance. Uncertainty is the most significant risk feature of the post-pandemic era, and the coupling of numerous hazards poses a new set of challenges to emergency management practices.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, the introduction of a new food security strategy has provided an important basis for ensuring national food security. And new ideas, thoughts and policies have been introduced and supplemented, continuing to enrich and broaden the connotations and boundaries of the road to food security with Chinese characteristics. This paper reviews the important achievements and significance of China's food security under the guidance of the food security strategy in the new era and sorts out the evolutionary path and the shift which characterizes the current food security strategy. China's food security strategy has undergone five major changes:from taking care of the overall food varieties to preserving the key varieties, from promoting output to strengthening production capacity, from pressing the production areas to making a concerted effort, from emphasizing quantity to improving quality, and from the production side to the whole chain. In terms of policy options, to promote further improvements in food security, we should start with the in-depth implementation of the strategy of storing grain in the land and storing grain in technology, improving the institutional mechanism of two positive aspects of farmers' grain cultivation and local food control, establishing a synergistic mechanism of food security and green development under the goal of double carbon, building a double cycle system based on domestic production and integration of international resources and establishing a comprehensive food security system led by the Big Food Vision.

The third-generation vaccine technology represented by mRNA vaccine has played a important role in the fight against the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). The technique of modifying mRNA with pseudouridine and its analogs developed by Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman is the key basis for the successful development of mRNA vaccine. The scientific research road of the main pioneer of this technology, Katalin Karikó, and the research and development of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines provide us with much food of thought. Karikó's success is inseparable from her firm belief in face of difficulties and the spirit of persistently and steadfastly engaging in basic research. One should pay more attention to the key role of basic research in promoting the source innovation.

The new era calls for building a world power in science and technology and promoting the self-reliance of highlevel science and technology, and higher requirements are put forward for the scientific and technological workers. It is necessary to carry forward the spirit of scientists and create new monuments of innovation and new spiritual characteristics. This paper reviews the development process of scientific spirit and scientist spirit, and analyzes the significance of carrying forward scientist spirit in the new era. In view of the problems and challenges faced by the multi-department promotion the communication system of the spirit of scientists, the work style and the study style construction and the micro-ecological construction of scientific community, four basic paths of carrying forward the spirit of scientists in the new era are proposed: perfecting the collaborative promotion mechanism of departments and institutions; improving the communication system of the spirit of scientists; establishing the bottom line requirements for the construction of work style and study style; and strengthening the micro-ecological construction of scientific community.

Improving the efficiency of industrial water resource is one way to alleviate the contradiction between water supply and demand and it is also an important guarantee for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. Based on the super-efficiency EBM model, ML index and Tobit model of undesired output, this study analyzes the temporal and spatial differentiation and influencing factors of industrial water resource efficiency in the nine provinces (autonomous regions) of the Yellow River Basin from 2010 to 2019. The results indicate that the overall average value of industrial water resource efficiency in the nine provinces is 0.77, lower than the effective level, but shows a fluctuating upward trend. There are obvious differences among these provinces, with Shandong having the highest efficiency and Ningxia the lowest. The main driving force for the improvement of ML index comes from technological progress, and the scale efficiency of some provinces hinders the positive adjustment of ML index by technical efficiency. The technological level and degree of industrialization have a promoting effect on the increase of industrial water resource efficiency; the inhibitory effects of water resource endowment, industrial water use intensity and government regulation intensity are significant. Finally, the article puts forward some corresponding suggestions.

荷兰的Hans Clevers团队于2009年在体外将肠道干细胞培养成为“迷你肠道”结构，即“类器官”，这是生命科学及医学研究领域的里程碑式突破。所谓类器官，即在体外培养、能够自我组装的微型三维结构，该结构与体内组织器官的结构高度相似，包含各种细胞类型，并且能够进行自我更新，模拟体内组织器官的部分功能。目前，研究者已经成功培养出源自于多种人体正常组织和肿瘤组织的类器官，例如肠、胃、肺和肝脏等，为基础研究及再生医学建立了很好的模型系统。在生命科学及医学研究领域，类器官目前已经成为炙手可热的研究方向之一，这与其卓越的应用价值和广阔的市场前景密不可分。

The changes in the fields of education, business administration, transportation, science and technology innovation, logistics and supply chain management, etc. caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the post-epidemic era are reviewed in this paper, with research topics such as China's management of medical and health institutions, public health emergency governance, community governance, and national governance being emphasized. The "resilient governance" which is more flexible and resilient has become the common choice both at the national governance level under the background of globalizaiton and at the emergency of public health governance level which pays more attention on the community governance. At the same time, building an institutional coordination and collaboration mechanism that is more adaptable to the post-epidemic era is also a major challenge to future governance. Based on the above analysis, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the vague definition of the concept of "post-epidemic era", and discusses the current problems of inadequate use of research methods, inadequate research design, and separation of theoretical and practical values of the research. Finally, from the perspective of restructuring, the future governance concepts and governance models in the post-epidemic era are prospected.

Particle physics is an important branch of modern physics, as well as one of the landmark achievements of human civilization. From 1955 to 1995, about one-third of the Nobel Prizes in Physics were awarded to the theoretical or experimental research related to particle physics; studying its history can help to truly understand the discipline. Chronologically, the development of particle physics can be roughly divided into four stages:the preliminary exploration period, theoretical maturity period, experimental verification period and continuous improvement period. The initial exploration period (1930-1951) was the initial stage of particle physics, the discipline gradually moving from nuclear physics to independence. The theoretical maturity stage (1952-1967) was the construction stage of the theoretical system of particle physics, paving the way for further experimental verification. The experimental verification period (1968-1985) was the preliminary completion stage of particle physics, and the theoretical system represented by the Standard Model was fully verified. The continued perfection period (1986-present) is the stage of continued development of particle physics, mankind being closer than ever to a new physics beyond the standard model.

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, President Xi Jinping has delivered a series of keynote speeches on international science and technology cooperation (ISTC). Based on the relevant important remarks, this paper studies the dialectical relationship of indigenous innovation and open innovation, analyzes the historicity and realistic need of ISTC, as well as its supporting role in building China into a world power in science and technology. This paper also studies the ISTC policy and reform measures, presents the main tasks, illustrates the development process, main progress and achievements of China's ISTC since the 18th CPC National Congress, and finally puts forward ideas for strengthening China's ISTC during the 14th Five-Year Plan.

Based on the dynamic grid technology of ANSYS finite element simulation platform, a three-dimensional finite element model of augmented electromagnetic driving device is established. The model's reliability is verified using the spatial magnetic field distribution near the augmented electromagnetic driving device under the 440 kA launch condition. Simulation study with the model is performed and the distribution law of the magnetic field on the central axis of the inner bore of the augmented electromagnetic driving device and the attenuation law of the radial magnetic field of the electromagnetic driving device in space are obtained. It is shown that at the peak of the current, the magnetic induction intensity at the front end of armature first increases and then tends to remain unchanged with the increase of the distance. In the model it is assumed that the maximum magnetic field at the front end of the armature is between 2.3~3.3 T.

With the continuous development of bionic technology, human beings have made breakthroughs in obser-vation and simulation modeling of amphibians such as flying fish, Uria aalge, Gannet, and flying squid. On this basis, the field of aquatic unmanned aerial vehicle (AquaUAV) has also developed rapidly, but there are still some key technical difficulties. According to the types of bionic organisms, this review summariz-es the studies of the AquaUAV prototype, as well as the progress made in the wing structure, water/air propulsion method in recent years. Then, from the perspective of computer simulation and experiments, the research methods used in the study of kinematics and dynamics are analyzed. Finally, combined with the development status of this field, some key technical challenges are summarized and the future of AquaUAV is prospected.

Taking 147 counties in Hebei Province as the research target, the cultivated land function is evaluated. The dominant function coefficient and the Moran index are used to measure the evolution of the cultivated land dominant function and the spatial agglomeration characteristics, respectively. According to the characteristics of the dominant function and the spatial agglomeration of the cultivated land, the cultivated land function zones are divided. It is shown that: (1) The cultivated land function of Hebei province is evolved from a single one to a composite one from 1996 to 2016, in which the productive and ecological functions are strengthened and the social functions are weakened. (2) The spatial agglomeration degree of the cultivated land function in Hebei Province is high, and in an upward trend. In the space, the cultivated land functions show the high-value agglomeration with the production and ecological function distributed in the Southeast Plain Area and the social function distributed in the Northwest Mountainous Area. (3) The cultivated land of Hebei Province is divided into four functional areas: the production function advantage area, the ecological function advantage area, the social function advantage area and the function low value discrete area. In order to realize the multi-functional aim of the cultivated land, the management measures of the cultivated land should be implemented according to the principle of the leading function and the comprehensive benefits in different functional areas.

 

Origins,worlds,and life:a decadal strategy for planetary science and astrobiology 2023-2032,the 3rd planetary decadal in 21st century to guide the solar system exploration in the coming 10 years (hereinafter referred to briefly as Decadal 2023),covers a broad range of recommendations such as science missions,research and analysis,and technologies.The article focuses on its three scientific themes,the recommended science program with big,medium and small missions,the deep space probes under development adopted by the previous decadal,and the cross-discipline missions which aim to achieve groundbreaking discovery in search for life elsewhere.Moreover,the Decadal 2023 includes for the first time the elements of planetary defense and state of profession,the latter of which interprets space science's social values.Though the planetary science just started lately in China,it has entered a rapid development phase benefiting from lunar and planetary explorations of China.The article aims to inspire future planetary progress in China through lessons learned from the American planetary decadal practices,e.g.,implementing science-driven missions with cutting-edge technology,emphasizing research and analysis,and investing new instrumentation development.

Based on the analysis of the co-construction and sharing status and problems of the Yangtze River Delta large scale scientific facilities, the following countermeasures and suggestions are proposed. Establishing the Yangtze River Delta large scale scientific facilities planning and construction coordination mechanism so as to avoid duplication of construction in the Yangtze River Delta region; establishing the Yangtze River Delta scientific facilities construction fund support mechanism so as to support the research and development of large scale scientific facilities; setting up a scientific research funding guarantee mechanism for sharing large scale scientific facilities and accepting users' applications for using the research facilities; establishing the user participation mechanism and considering the opening and sharing of operation in the planning and design stages; establishing a development and sharing mechanism for global scientific researchers and institutions to promote original innovation; perfecting the assessment and evaluation mechanism, which is not only in line with China's national conditions but also in line with international standards.

After reading three original books focusing on academic integrity and ethics, and appreciating the viewpoints of the original authors, the author of this paper discusses the relationship between academic integrity and ethics, as well as the dilemmas and the dual nature of the academic ethics based on the perspective of scientists' values.

The first half of the 20th century is the pioneering period for the globalization of the Chinese natural science research. Based on a review of Chinese papers in the Science Citation Index during this period, this paper analyzes the characteristics of the globalization process with a historical reflections from an empirical perspective. It is shown that the scientists, the funds and the facilities are important factors for the scientific activities; the Matthew effect for the scientific institutions and the disciplines is remarkable; with the dominant idea of putting the emphasis on the technology rather than the science, the research hotspots are on the medicine, the biology, and the chemistry; the science center moves from Beijing to Yunnan in the turbulent times, which indicates that the talents are the most essential for the science, followed by other resources and conditions; and a high level of the international scientific cooperation in the initial stage is indispensable for the global scientific research. The unique history of the initial stage of the Chinese natural science research provides an important enlightenment for the progress of the science and the technology and the social development today.

 

Brain science is regarded as the "ultimate frontier" to understand the relationship between universe, nature and human beings, and human beings have never stopped exploring human brain and imitating its mechanism. In the past few centuries, human beings have gained certain understanding of the anatomical structure of human brain and unique functions of each part of the human brain, but its information processing mechanism, the formation of intelligence and other issues need to be further explored. At the same time, it is of great significance to investigate the information processing way of human brain to the study of brain-like intelligence, which plays an important role in expansion and application of human intelligence and is the next goal of AI. Based on extensive research on brain science and brain-like intelligence research at home and abroad, this paper addresses some key scientific issues from a perspective of AI technology in terms of brain information processing mechanism driven by big data, human intelligence formation mechanism based on multiple brain regions collaboration, development mechanism of brain diseases with multi-marker linkage and the mechanism of brain-like depth computing based on multi-modal fusion. It is also suggested to strengthen brain science and brain-like intelligence research from the aspects of interdisciplinary integration, industry-university-research cooperation promotion, international exchange and sharing, strategic planning and deployment, training of scientific talents and so on.

As Moore's law approaches to the limit, "More than Moore" for 2.5D/3D packaging is entering its historical arena. Through silicon via (TSV) is one of the important representatives in high-end electronics advanced packaging. This paper focuses on the copper plating process which realizes electrical interconnection in TSV technology and systematically summarizes the composition of the formula of copper plating solutions. The key difficulty of the copper plating process lies in the defect-free filling of TSV, and the selection of additives is particularly important. A guide for selection of electroplating solution for TSV metallization electroplating process is then provided. In addition, the external electric field and other process conditions imposed on the plating solution during the plating process will also affect the quality of filling vias. Therefore, TSV copper plating processes of the research teams at home and abroad are summarized for selection of a copper plating process. Finally, the characterization methods for studying the action mechanism of additives in electroplating solutions based on computational simulation and electrochemical testing are briefly summarized, and the progress and shortcomings of current research methods on additives in electroplating solution are discussed.

In order to provide useful guidance for further improvement of AI ethics, this paper analyzes the current development trend of AI ethics researches in China. The relevant literature in China is reviewed, focusing on four research topics, including the development process of AI ethics, the governance of ethical risk, and the ethical responsibility of the main body. The causes of ethical problems are analyzed, and an analysis framework is constructed. Through the review, some limitations in the domestic researches are revealed, such as the disconnect between theory and practice, the lack of systematicness, the obsolescence of research direction, and the imbalance of research objects. In view of the above problems, according to the trend of AI ethical governance in China, and focusing on the forefront of AI technology, some suggestions are made: emphasizing that theories should be linked to practice, encouraging the systematic researches of disciplines, promoting the innovation of ethical research, and promoting the balance of research objects. Following the guidance of these four aspects, this paper proposes to build an AI ethics system with Chinese characteristics and promote the research of AI ethics.

Developing new energy vehicles and promoting industrialization of new energy vehicles are of great significance for solving the problems of high pollution, high energy consumption, and high emissions of traditional fuel vehicles. Taking new energy vehicle as the research object this paper comprehensively analyzes the current industrial and technological development status of new energy vehicles from the development background of new energy vehicles, the whole vehicle, and the three-electric system. It is pointed out that Chian's new energy vehicles have issues such as imperfect infrastructure construction, low battery recycling rate, and lack of mastery of key technologies of basic devices. Therefore, this paper aims to provide reference for the future development direction and planning of new energy vehicle technology and industry.

The variable geometry chevron(VGC) is a sawtooth aerodynamic device composed of an annularly distributed single chevron at the tail of the engine, and is used to reduce the engine noise. The VGC is deformed repeatedly during takeoff and landing of the aircraft, which would cause the structural fatigue of the VGC. Based on the existing constitutive model of the Shape Memory Alloy(SMA) and the fatigue test of the Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics(CFRP), a damage factor is introduced in a finite element subroutine to analyze the mechanical properties of the VGC when the SMA and the CFRP are damaged in a certain degree. It is shown that the damage of the VGC is mainly caused by the SMA. As the number of the deformation cycles increases, the maximum Mises stress in the VGC gradually decreases and the maximum displacement gradually increases. Compared with the simulation of a single chevron, the maximum Mises stress of the VGC with the same damage degree is larger, and the maximum displacement of the VGC is smaller than the tip deflection of the single chevron. The research results can provide a guidance for the safe operation of the VGC.

The EU's 9^th Framework Programme, namely ‘Horizon Europe’ programme, has started in 2021. It is so far the world's largest science and technology funding programme. This paper focuses on analyzing the innovation methods and its application adopted by ‘Horizon Europe’. Then suggestions on the application of China's science and technology programmes are raised, including strengthening preliminary research design, carrying out predictive research, strengthening the coherence among different programmes, encouraging the concept of "joint design", and opening up the channels of open access to information, etc.

In order to study the opening-up of China's scientific research and technical service industry under the new situation, this paper combs China's multilateral opening-up commitments and unilateral opening-up policies in this industry, and analyzes the current situation and trend of FDI in this industry. The analysis shows that further opening up of China's scientific research and technical service industry will involve relatively complex post border measures, which will challenge the governance capacity of governments at all levels. This paper propose that China should pilot higher-level foreign investment access and promotion policies in key areas, promote the market-oriented reform of scientific research and technical services, improve the level of domestic regulation, and avoid equating scientific and technological self-reliance with "domestic substitution".

火山作用是星球有生命力的象征。人类生存所需的许多能源和矿产资源由火山作用形成或与火山作用有关；火山区土壤为发展火山农业提供了条件；火山爆发喷出物质是高新材料的原料；火山作用塑造了丰富多彩的自然景观。与此同时，火山碎屑流、熔岩流、泥石流、地震、海啸等造成严重灾害，会对气候产生重大影响，威胁生物生存。

Because of its outstanding advantages, in major countries such as the United States (U.S.) and Russia, the space nuclear power becomes a key to building strong space-based capabilities and taking strategic advantages in space. Recently, the U.S. government has successively formulated strategies and policies on the development of the space nuclear power to ensure its leading position in the space competition. In order to accurately identify focuses and goals of the U.S. space nuclear power, this paper reviews the latest progress in the space nuclear power in the U.S. and analyzes the development trend to help the decision making of the space nuclear power in China. It is shown that the U.S. is accelerating the strategic deployment of the space militarization at the national level and is developing the space nuclear power as a national strategy. For the first time, the U.S. puts forward systematic and comprehensive policies, goals, principles, roadmaps for developing the space nuclear power, to establish a high-level organization and a coordination mechanism to ensure the effective implementation of relevant strategies and policies. The U.S. space nuclear power will achieve a rapid development based on its solid technical foundation and will provide a disruptive and powerful driving force for the construction and development of the U.S.

The realization of domestic replacement of industrial software is the key to the transformation of China's industrial system to high-end and intelligent. In response to the U. S. suppression of China's industrial software development, and to explore the road of domestic replacement of industrial software, this paper compiles the development status and the degree of domestic substitution for four types of industrial software: R&D design software, production control software, business management software and embedded software, and analyzes the problems of the various types of domestic industrial software from the aspects of“have”and“use”. It also reviews and summarizes the development history and learning experience of the world's industrial software powerhouses such as the United States, Germany and France. Focusing on the two aspects of "have" and "use", the paper proposes countermeasures to design innovation breakthrough path and build application incentive mechanism respectively. Finally, this paper systematically proposes multi-faceted policy recommendations for the replacement of industrial software.

Microbial self-healing of cement-based material cracks has gained extensive attention due to its great healing potential and environmental-friendly characteristics.In this paper,we systematically introduce the development of crack selfhealing of cement-based materials based on microorganism,the mechanism of microbial induced mineralization precipitation crystallization,induced mineralization yield and its influencing factors,immobilization of microorganism and determination of mineralization activity after immobilization,crack making method and self-healing condition,characterization method of selfhealing effect,crack self-healing effect,and the performance of microbial self-healing agent on cement-based materials.Meanwhile,we point out some main problems in the research of microbial self-healing cement-based materials and prospect its future,so as to provide reference for subsequent researchers to carry out related research.

The imperfect supervision system has been one of the reasons for the severe problems of agricultural and rural ecological environment. To modernize the agricultural and rural ecological environment supervision system is of great significance for China's ecological civilization construction. According to the focuses of agricultural and rural ecological environment supervision, the paper systematically sorts out the division responsibilities, historical evolution, supervision content, existing problems of its monitoring system, and law enforcement system. Based on this, a modern framework of agricultural and rural ecological environment supervision system is proposed, which includes monitoring system, management system, law enforcement system, supervision system, and self-governance system of villagers. The main construction tasks promoting the modernization of the regulatory system involve the following aspects:determining the boundary of management rights and responsibilities and improving the management system, delimiting the division of monitoring work and building a monitoring network, building a comprehensive law enforcement agency and grid system, supervising the performance of enterprises and government duties, strengthening autonomy, and establishing internal constraints of villagers.

The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is an attraction for ecological and cultural tourists. However, the risk of hypoxia threatens serious harm to human health. It is of great significance to study the hypoxia risk in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau from the perspective of the physical geography for the local development and the hypoxia policy-making. In this study, the relationship between the altitude and the blood oxygen saturation is studied and the spatial distribution map of the hypoxia in the Tibetan Plateau is obtained. It is shown that, (1) the absolute oxygen content decreases linearly with the increase of the altitude（y=- 0.0325x+280.45, n=70, r²=0.94）; (2) there is an exponential relationship between the blood oxygen saturation and the altitude（y= 104-0.68×e^0.35x+1.77, n=70, r²=0.57）and with the increase of the altitude, the risk of the hypoxia increases exponentially; (3) the Tibetan Plateau is divided into the high risk area, the medium risk area and the low risk area of hypoxia according to the relationship between the blood oxygen saturation and the altitude. The study could provide a scientific basis for the regional tourism development strategy and also a theoretical basis for further exploring the mechanism of the altitude anoxia.

Based on the survey data of meteorological service in highway transportation industry in 2019, the demand and supply characteristics of meteorological service in highway traffic and the satisfaction index of users are analyzed. According to the results, more than 60% of experts believed that fog, rainfall and snowfall were the most important meteorological elements for highway transportation, but the demand varied with different production links. For service products, the demand for early warning, forecasting, monitoring and impact assessment decreased successively, but all of them exceeded 95%. The meteorological department basically met the demand except for the insufficient supply capacity of impact assessment. However, there was a slight redundancy in the timeliness of product provision and element categories (temperature and strong wind). Mobile client and sharing platform were the most popular channels for users to obtain service products. Although the channels provided by meteorological departments were diversified, they still gave priority to traditional ways such as website, telephone and email. The comprehensive satisfaction score of experts on meteorological service information was 89.4, in which the national score of integrity, timeliness and accuracy decreased in turn. The satisfaction evaluation result of highway operation link was the highest and that of private enterprise was the lowest.

持续高发的神经精神疾病是当今社会面临的重大健康挑战之一。

In this study, 50 DKA patients admitted in our hospital from May 2017 to May 2020 are included as the subjectsin this study, and they are divided into the Insulin Lispro group and the Insulin Aspart group. It is shown that there is no significant difference in the recovering time of the blood glucose, and the complication rates between the two groups (P>0.05); in the Lispro group, the fasting blood glucose and the postprandial 2 h blood glucose levels are lower than those in the Aspart group, and the recovery times of the negative urinary ketone and the bloody pH value are shorter than those in the Aspart group. It is suggested that the insulin Lispro has certain advantages in the treatment of the DKA, with higher speeds of controlling the blood glucose and correcting the DKA.

In order to better understand the development and evolution of China's adaptation to climate change and to provide effective support for the dual carbon sustainable goal,the process of building China's climate change adaptation system is systematically reviewed in this paper.Meanwhile,the development of climate change adaptation policies at national,sectional and local levels are also studied.The current status of adaptation policy development in the key vulnerable areas of agriculture and rural areas are discussed.An in-depth analysis of climate change adaptation actions in different areas is given,in which specific adaptation actions undertaken and their effectiveness are analyzed from different perspectives including agriculture,water resources,terrestrial ecosystems,coastal zones and human health.On this basis,the development characteristics of Chinese climate change adaptation policies and actions are presented and the future development suggestions of adaptation policy actions are put forward.

This paper presents a brief introduction to anti-jamming technology and the current status of multi-satellite and multi-beam application, and then proposes a new digital multi-beam anti-jamming receiver implementation method. This method uses inertial device data (heading, pitch angle, and roll angle) to determine the single-constrained steering vector and further derives a digital multi-beam improved acquisition algorithm with a space-time adaptive processing structure. Simulation result shows that the improved acquisition algorithm can fully utilize multi-beam data, stabilize carrier phase, and achieve stronger spatial gain and higher spatial resolution.