师昌绪先生是新中国成立初期冲破重重阻力回到祖国的老一辈杰出战略科学家，国家最高科学技术奖获得者、两院院士，当代材料科学界的巨擘，是中国科学基金事业和中国工程院的创始人之一，对国家科技、教育、产业有着广泛而深远的影响，在中国材料科学界、工程科学界乃至整个科学界都享有崇高的威望。

师昌绪——大小也算是个名人，但走在大街的人群里也就是个不起眼的小老头，这才是真实的师昌绪（图1）。

2018年11月15日是师昌绪先生百年华诞的日子，"一心为国，兢兢业业"，这是师昌绪先生一生的真实写照。在半个多世纪之间，与师先生接触良多，先生为中国的科学事业奋斗了终身，其业绩令人钦佩，其为人之精神品格永远值得我们学习，是我们一生学习的楷模。

2018年是师昌绪先生诞辰100周年。《科技导报》约我写一篇小文，内容不限、思考月余，我想还是谈谈师老与生物材料的不解之缘。

Shi Changxu is a famous scientist in the field of metal science and materials science. In the field of superalloy, Shi Changxu first put forward the technology of package extrusion, It opens up a new way for the production of deformed superalloys. Shi Changxu invented a method of casting superalloy for turbine blades, studied the first generation of hollow gas cooled casting nickel based superalloy turbine blades in China. Shi Changxu discovered the new rule of solidification segregation and summarized it as "low segregation alloy technology", which promoted the development of superalloys and was honored as "the father of China superalloys" by American scholars.

Recent progresses in the production of high performance polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon fibers are reviewed in this paper, focusing on the polymerization, the production of PAN precursors, the stabilization and carbonization procedures for the production of PAN based carbon fibers. The polymerizing method is the key procedure for the distribution of co-monomers on the PAN line and the homogeneity of the spinning solution. Compared with the bath and semi-continuous polymerizing process, the continuous polymerizing process can produce a homogeneous and stabilizing PAN solution, reducing the formation of PAN microgels, which is beneficial for producing high quality PAN carbon fiber precursors and hereafter the PAN based carbon fibers. The coagulating parameters, as well as the phase separation process of the PAN solutions, determine the formation, the development, and the content of the microvoids in the PAN precursor fibers, which in turn influences the performance of the PAN precursors and thereafter the carbon fibers. The drawing and drying parameters are critical for the optimization of the orientation and the crystallization, as well as the quality of PAN precursor fibers. The heating rate, the highest temperature, and the tensile strength determine the core-shell structure and the cyclization index, which influences the carbonizing process and the properties of the resultant carbon fibers. The strength and the modulus of the carbon fibers are closely related with the temperature and the strength of the carbonizing procedure. The correlation between the structure and the properties of PAN based carbon fibers remains an issue to be further explored, as well as the technology of the production of high performance carbon fibers in China. The combination of fundamental and applied researches are critically needed.

Polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber enjoys a combined feature of high performance and low specific gravity. It is the material of the first choice for structures of light-weight high-strength and light-weight high-modulus. It is a typical representative of highperformance fiber and finds promising applications around the world. Focusing on the structural properties, the relationship between the preparation process, the structure and the performance of the Polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber is discussed. Since the invention of the high-strength carbon fiber, one sees four key stages in the development of the Polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber technology in the development of high-strength medium-modulus carbon fiber according to the demand, the continuous innovation of higher-performance carbon fiber, and with the emphasis on high-performance and low-cost in the new century. The development history of domestically produced carbon fibers, and the independent innovations of dimethyl sulfoxide and other process technologies are reviewed, from the highstrength, high-strength medium-modulus, high-modulus and high-modulus high-strength carbon fibers, to low-cost large tow carbon fiber. At the end of the paper, some suggestions are put forward with the new Polyacrylonitrile fiber forming technology, the raw material innovation and the new heat source technology in carbon fiber preparation process as the focus.

The current state of materials, manufacturing and application of the high toughness resin matrix composites, the LCM resin matrix composites and the polyimide resin matrix composites for aviation in China and in other countries are reviewed. Based on the current state of the aviation resin matrix composites in China and in the world, the future development trends of aviation carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites are analyzed.

In the field of building and civil engineering, high performance fiber reinforced composites have more efficient performance than traditional building materials (steel, concrete, etc.). With the development and maturity of these materials and their products in material technology and application technology, the territorial civil engineering, especially in the fields of major infrastructure and national defense construction, will develop rapidly. This paper focuses on the research and development of the main products and structural components of carbon fiber composite materials used in civil engineering, such as the design and preparation, the application construction, the inspection and evaluation, the standard system construction and so on. It is expected to promote comprehensive and comprehensive understanding of the upper and lower chain of carbon fiber industry chain, and look forward to the rapid development of carbon fiber in this field in the future, as well as the leap of building structure level.

The development process of carbon fiber industry in China is introduced. In the process of industrialization, China's carbon fiber has solved the problems of insufficient equipment, high cost and lack of application and design ability. Taking Guangwei Group as an example, the prominent role of Chinese enterprises in the development of China's carbon fiber industry is illustrated. China's carbon fiber development currently faces 4 problems:(1) Industrialization technology and equipment core technology has not yet made a breakthrough. (2) Major basic scientific issues in the development and application of carbon fibers have not yet been identified. (3) Most applications lack composite design, manufacturing, evaluation and qualification. (4) The scale of talents is limited and the distribution is uneven. Based on this, suggestions for strengthening the high-end carbon fiber and its composite materials serialization and independent innovation are put forward.

性能优异的碳纤维是世界各国的国防军工、航空航天领域需要的战略性材料，发展具有自主创新能力的碳纤维具有十分重大的战略性意义。但在此前几十年的时间里，世界碳纤维市场的主动权都牢牢掌握在日本、美国等少数几个发达国家手里，并且，他们在该领域对中国实行严格的技术、人才和装备封锁。

2018年11月15日，是师昌绪院士诞辰百年纪念日，这是一个值得铭记和追怀的日子。"德大必昌，慧高自隆。"这是2009年，师老写给中简科技股份有限公司（简称中简科技）的寄语，同时也是对中国碳纤维行业发展未来的期许。如今，国产碳纤维材料已经打破世界垄断，并广泛用于航空航天领域，国之重器有了民族材料护航，在这样一个节点怀念师老，对于实现科技强国、民族复兴有着深远的意义。

"我没有信仰过基督教，也没有信仰过佛教，我信仰的‘教’就是中国强!我的信仰就是中国梦"。这是2013年3月23日，95岁的师昌绪先生在中国科技馆做科普报告《材料与社会》时，与听众交流时谈到的（图1）。师先生在谈到国产碳纤维问题时强调："作为一个材料科学家，碳纤维的问题不解决，无法面对国人!"

The high magnetic field provides a unique opportunity to study new scientific issues. This paper reviews the magnet technology and its scientific significance, and finally highlights the prospect of the magnet technology and the scientific researches in the high magnetic field.