Chiplet technology is a new generation of integrated circuit technology that has emerged in recent years. It has been widely recognized by the industry due to its excellent characteristics such as improving yield, breaking the limit of reticle size, flexibility in chip architecture, and standardization of IP supply chain. To further promote the development of chiplet technology in China, this article summarizes the application scenarios of chiplet technology, analyzes various core component technologies, elaborates on various technical challenges that may arise in the development of chiplet technology, reviews the development of China’s chiplet standards, and finally, puts forward some suggestions for the development of chiplet technology in China.

With the development of the information technology era, metaverse has gradually become the third internet revolution, and the metaverse terminal is an important component of it. This article describes the development trends and key technologies of the hardware part of the metaverse terminal in terms of micro displays, optical systems, and perceptual interactions. In terms of the micro display technology, two technologies, silicon based OLED and MicroLED, are mainly discussed; in terms of optical systems, the main topics discussed are surface relief grating waveguide technology, volume holographic waveguide technology, and metasurface waveguide technology; in terms of perceptual interaction, the interaction technology of gesture recognition and EEG recognition is mainly discussed.

The discovery of bilayer nickelate superconductor La₃Ni₂O₇ under high pressure has attracted worldwide attention, in which theoretical research plays a vital role. So far, theoretical calculations show that the two e_g Ni 3d_x2-y2 and 3d_z2 orbitals in La₃Ni₂O₇ are crucial to the formation of superconductivity, while the O₂ p orbital also appears on the Fermi surface. Multi-orbital models have been proposed based on the above analysis. Various calculations show that La₃Ni₂O₇ has a s^± wave pairing symmetry although other pairing symmetries can be obtained. Theoretical calculations shows that the superconducting mechanism is unconventional and closely related to antiferromagnetic fluctuation. The vacancy of apical oxygen has a significant impact on the occurrence of superconductivity. The discovery of trilayer nickelate superconductor La₄Ni₃O₁₀ under pressure has further enriched the family of nickelate superconductors. And its electronic band structure, multi-orbital model, superconducting pairing symmetry and so on have been investigated and explored theoretically.

In January 2023, the latest report of American Cancer Statistics in 2023 was published in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. This report elaborated on the cancer prevalence in America under the COVID-19 pandemic for the first time, described the secular trends in the burden of major cancers, and projected the cancer cases and deaths in 2023. We analyzed the pattern of cancers distribution by geographic area, time, and characteristics of the populations in China and America according to systematical interpretation of the report combined with the cancer statistics in China. We also summarized the current challenges in the development of cancer prevention and control system in China, and provided insights for its construction depending on assessing advancements and underlying reasons of that in America.

This article focuses on amorphous matters and reviews recent advances in amorphous materials and physics. More recently, more than 30% of the lunar soil collected by China's Chang 'e-5 mission was found to be glassy, further confirming the widespread existence of amorphous matter in the universe. Topological order and inhomogeneity may be hidden behind the seemingly chaotic structure of amorphous materials, so amorphous matters have strange genetic, sensitive and relaxation behaviors, and show a series of excellent physical and chemical properties, such as extreme stability, super-plasticity, super mechanical behavior and excellent soft magnetic properties. The new generation of Zr-based and Fe-based amorphous alloys developed based on order regulation and high flux technology are successfully applied to core components such as folding mobile phone hinges and new energy vehicle motors, indicating that amorphous matters have irreplaceable application advantages. The future development of amorphous matters should focus on introducing a new paradigm of material research, attaching importance to the importance of process innovation, promoting the cross-integration of multi-disciplinary fields, giving full play to the advantages of advanced characterization technology and large scientific devices, and creating a whole-chain innovation model for production, university and research, so as to actively promote the rapid development of amorphous materials and physics, and expand the application of amorphous matters in high-tech fields. Make the future of mankind a better place.

In 2023 the development of large generative AI models achieved a series of breakthroughs. This paper reviews the key technologies of large models that have received significant attention, including the emergent abilities of large language model(LLM), development of multimodal LLMs, as well as alignment and knowledge enhancement techniques of large models. The paper also introduces the vertical applications of generative AI in various fields such as healthcare and education, and its role in advancing the development of AI agents and metaverse technologies. Additionally, the challenges and developmental trends in generative AI are discussed, including issues related to data privacy, biased values, copyright disputes, and fake news propagation.

Triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has become an emerging platform technology for achieving mechano-electrical energy conversion, with huge application potentials in a variety of fields. For the past decade, through extensive efforts, significant progress on the research of TENG has been made worldwide, including both fundamental scientific research and application technology of TENGs. Therefore, this article aims to review the representative achievements of TENGs in fundamental findings and technological innovations and look forward to the faster development of TENGs.

In recent years, the rapid development of artificial intelligence has had an important impact on mental health services such as psychological counseling and psychological assessment. In this paper the accuracy and methods of artificial intelligence in psychological assessment as well as ethical issues are reviewed. Based on the development of multi-modal and psychological intervention technology, the future application research of artificial intelligence in psychological assessment is forecast. It is believed that the application of artificial intelligence in psychological assessment in the future will pay more attention to individual needs and interdisciplinary cooperation. It will be more widely used in information collection, data analysis, humancomputer interaction technology, and non-invasive regulatory technology cooperation, and the ethical research of artificial intelligence will play a more important role in the future.

Guided by the dual carbon goal, the green and low-carbon transformation of China's energy industry has become an inevitable requirement. This study clarifies the challenges of the development of renewable energy, summarizes the typical operating modes of developing renewable energy businesses based on traditional energy businesses of the current energy industry. In addition, an in-depth analysis is conducted on the relevant issues caused by the rapid development of the renewable energy industry, and corresponding suggestions are put forward to ensure the effectiveness of energy industry investment in renewable energy assets. Furthermore, this study clarifies the development direction of the integration of renewable energy and oil gas production and provides decision-making references for the high-quality synergy development of renewable energy and traditional energy businesses under the dual carbon goal.

The application of artificial intelligence(AI) in the military field has recently further improved the overall response ability and execution efficiency of information-based joint operations. Electronic countermeasures combat operations take place in an invisible space, it is more urgent for troops to get AI technology support in a fast-changing electromagnetic situation. By sorting out the main application modes of AI technology in military field, this paper systematically studies the application path of AI in electronic countermeasures from a perspective of operational integrity and puts forward specific thoughts and suggestions for combat command，warfare method application，equipment research and development, and intelligent cooperation, so as to accurately serve the electromagnetic field struggle and improve intelligent combat ability.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that is prone to occur in the middle-aged and elderly groups. It can erode articular cartilage and its affiliated organization, and seriously affect the life of patients. Hydrogels have good biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties. Functional hydrogels can make up for the shortcomings of short drug action time and the difficulties to cure OA in common therapy approaches. In this article, we review the recent advances of hydrogel as a carrier to treat osteoarthritis from the aspects of drug treatment of osteoarthritis, cartilage defect repair, and synovial fluid repair. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic mechanism of drug release hydrogel, the mechanism of cartilage repair of cartilage defect repair hydrogel and the joint lubrication mechanism of joint lubrication hydrogel were discussed. On these bases, we also summarize the existing problems and propose further development direction of hydrogel in the treatment of OA.

Blockchain is the key technology for Web 3.0 to build trusted interconnections and value interconnections. As a new decentralized infrastructure, the technology of blockchain is also constantly evolving. Combined with the background of Web 3.0, the technological progress and existing problems of blockchain are introduced in this paper, such as decentralized identity, smart contract, incentive mechanism, and privacy protection. They help to realize the technologies in Web 3.0, such as the data security sharing, business circulation and rights guarantee of users, so as to achieve the goal of more fair distribution and flow of the value.

This paper starts from the perspective of pollution reduction and carbon emission reduction, and deeply analyzes the realistic foundation of China's green and low-carbon food production, the main problems faced, and proposes optimization paths. The paper points out that the guidance and support of national policies, the improvement of technological progress and innovation capabilities, and the transformation of market demand are key to promoting the green and low-carbon development of food production. However, there are also issues such as the need for further clarification of policies, the need to strengthen the awareness and ability of producers to reduce pollution and carbon emissions, and technological bottlenecks. To address these issues, the paper proposes optimization strategies including the formulation of a pollution and carbon reduction roadmap, the cultivation of producers' awareness, the strengthening of technological innovation and promotion, and the establishment of a green and low-carbon value realization mechanism. These measures aim to provide theoretical and practical guidance for the green and low-carbon transformation and sustainable development of food production.

Living heart, an emerging technology that integrates virtual reality (VR) with cardiac research, employs computational methods to simulate the physiological and pathological characteristics of heart, effectively replicating the real-time activities of a live-heart in terms of morphology, structure, and function. In this paper, the research progress of the key technologies of living heart in the visualization of cardiac anatomy, cardiac electrophysiological simulation model, and virtual heart organ-level coupling model is reviewed. The application prospect of living heart in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis, cardiovascular disease drug development, medical device research and development, medical teaching and clinical training is expected to provide new ideas for the realization of precision treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

With the advances in technologies of artificial intelligence and 5G as well as the emerging concepts of blockchain and decentralized management, the next revolution of Internet, Web 3.0, has appeared. It will change the development of Internet and various professions and has thus attracted much attention from both academia and industry. This article analyzes the opportunities and challenges of Web 3.0. First, the differences among Web 1.0, Web 2.0, and Web 3.0 are elaborated, and the technical architecture of Web 3.0 is also studied. Second, through studying existing relevant literature, the current development status and the opportunities of Web 3.0 are summarized from both economic and technological aspects. Third, the challenges faced by Web 3.0 in research and regulation are pointed out. Finally, an outlook on the future development of Web 3.0 is given.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an effective extracorporeal life support measure that played a crucial role in the treatment of critically patients with COVID-19. However, its core component, oxygenation membrane for ECMO, has been monopolized by foreign countries for a long time. This study used the Incopat and retrieved form it the patents in the field of oxygenated membranes for ECMO worldwide, which were then analyzied as the original data to disclose the trend and trajectory of technology development, the layout of global market and technology from the perspective of patents. The result shows that COVID-19 has stimulated the development of technology. China becomes the world's third largest source and distribution of patent applications in the field as well as an important target market, but its high-value patents account for a small proportion. Except for a few patents related to membrane preparation and its device, membrane modification, and membrane module, most of the Chinese patents involve the optimal design of oxygenator and related auxiliary technologies, and most of them are utility model patents. The preparation method and optimization process of hollow fiber membrane for ECMO, new polymer materials, membrane modification and composite membrane research are the current hot research topics. Recently Chinese patents reported the preparation technology of PMP hollow fiber membranes for ECMO and related devices, which are expected to achieve a breakthrough in the preparation technology of high-performance PMP hollow fiber membranes. Innovations can be made for the existing defects of polymer material synthesis technology and membrane preparation technology. Meanwhile, it is necessary to increase the research of biocompatibility modification technology and find new materials with better performance to achieve technological breakthrough. Promoting the localization of oxygenation membranes for ECMO will help the localization of ECMO systems.

In order to intelligently meet the business requirements of the SG-CIM model designed by the State Grid Corporation of China and improve the quality and sharing of the graph data, this paper proposes a graph structure mapping model based on gaph attention network(GAT). First of all, using the data of SG-CIM model, an SG-CIM knowledge graph and a database table knowledge graph are constructed. The entities embedding in each graph are learned separately through the GAN, which are then embeded into a unified vector space. Finally, the graph structure mapping results of the two graphs are obtained after calculating the similarities based on the distances between the entity vectors. Experiments show that the proposed model achieves good results in automatic mapping of SG-CIM model.

With the increasingly serious energy crisis, the development of renewable clean energy as a substitute for fossil energy has always been the focus of scientific research. Biomass energy is the most promising alternative to fossil energy. This paper discusses the current situation and shortcomings of biomass energy utilization in five aspects: the source of biomass energy raw materials, the treatment of raw materials, biomass conversion technology, the application of biomass energy, and the development prospect of biomass energy. Although biomass energy research is booming, there are still some areas where improvements can be made: plants can be built close to the source of the feedstock to reduce feedstock costs; microalgae do not take up land and are a viable feedstock; feedstock pre-treatment needs to balance benefits and costs; for the choice of biomass conversion technology, a combination of biochemical and thermochemical conversion may be a good option; the application side of biomass energy can be biorefined to improve production efficiency, in addition, biofuel cells have great potential for development. This study aims to provide a theoretical basis and reference for the optimisation of existing technologies and future research and development of biomass energy.

Deep space exploration embodies comprehensive national power and has become the commanding height of science and technology competition among the world's space powers. Deep space resource utilization is the key frontier of international deep space exploration,in which the utilization of matter resources is of great significance for humanity's space expansion. This paper introduces the connotation of deep space resource and summarizes the significance of its utilization. Focusing on matter resources, this paper investigates the state-of-the-art research on the volatile extraction and utilization, atmospheric resource utilization, mineral resource extraction and refining, and in-situ manufacturing and construction on planetary surfaces. Finally,this paper offers an outlook for the trends in utilization deep space matter resources, paving the way for the future research in deep space exploration.

As the main field for carbon emission reduction, megacities play a key role in the green transformation process. Based on the dual challenges of high-quality development and "Dual-Carbon" goals of megacities, this paper focuses on the two levels of carbon reduction and carbon fixation, systematically builds the method for the target of "Carbon Peak and Neutrality" with the joint promotion of energy transformation and resources efficiency as well as the mutual support of carbon sequestration technology innovation and ecological carbon sink, carries out the strategy research based on the low-carbon transformation of energy structure, resilient development of urban upgrade, quality improvement of ecological system and green reconstruction of transportation system, and aims to provide valuable reference in regard of the promoting low-carbon development of megacities and realizing the national strategic goal of "Dual-Carbon".

The pioneering breakthroughs in materials continue to trigger explosive growth in high-tech and emerging industries.Advanced materials have become a key area of focus and development for countries to seize the technological commanding elevation, and are a fundamental and leading industry for economic and social development. The development of advanced materials determines the level of development in high-tech, emerging industries, high-end manufacturing and major engineering.This paper systematically analyzes the current development status of advanced materials field in China, summarizes major technology plans and development system capabilities, and proposes strategic directions and policy measures for the future development in advanced materials field of China.

Agricultural science and technology innovation is an important magic weapon for the rapid development of Brazil's agriculture and the significant improvement of its international competitiveness. This study systematically combs the institutional mechanism of agricultural science and technology innovation in Brazil by means of literature research, historical context sorting and network interview. It is found that the Brazilian agricultural science and technology innovation system and mechanism has the basic characteristics of attaching importance to the planning and overall design of the agricultural science and technology innovation system, emphasizing that the agricultural science and technology innovation should serve the needs of industrial development, and focusing on the international exchange and cooperation of agricultural science and technology innovation. At present, a large number of achievements have been made in the fields of precision agriculture, bio-economy, biological control, biological nitrogen fixation, and transgenic technology, which have promoted the transformation and development of Brazil's agriculture. In the future, referring to the experience of Brazil, China can further speed up the regional research center and agricultural research institute of the layout and construction, formulate key technology innovation plans for "stuck necks", strengthen the transformation and promotion of agricultural science and technology innovation achievements, and accelerate the formulation of global agricultural science and technology innovation strategic plans, gradually improve China's agricultural science and technology innovation system, and help achieve the development goals of agricultural and rural modernization in 2035.

This article provided an overview of current therapeutic strategies to overcome CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance in breast cancer and analyzed the clinical findings of CDK4/6 inhibitor cross-line therapy, novel oral SERDs, PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors, ADC drugs, AURKA inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors, immunotherapeutic strategies and anti-senescence therapies after CDK4/6 inhibitor progression and the related mechanisms. Furthermore, we prospected the potential targets for clinical studies in the future.

From the early use of mathematical tools to explore the mechanism of neural activity, to the use of artificial neural network models to simulate human intelligence, to the solution of specific problems based on deep networks, AI has developed over the past 80 years and has now entered the era of foundation intelligence (FI), which is characterized by its foothold in large models, serving the broad social groups. The development of large models faces a series of challenges. First, the quality and quantity of data necessary for large models training need to be improved. Second, high-end computing resource is limited, and model training has high power consumption and high carbon emissions, which brings environmental problems. Third, it is the socialization of large models that brings about social development problems such as discrimination and prejudice, the spread of false information, invasion of privacy, and impact on employment. In order to overcome the aforementioned challenges, it is essential to build a federal ecosystem (including federal data, federal control, federal management and federal services) with support of block chain and decentralized autonomous organizations (TRUE+DAO, TAO), and provide solutions for the development of artificial intelligence in the new era.

Olga Alexandrovna Ladyzhenskaya was one of the most outstanding female mathematical physicists in Russia in the twentieth century, she made outstanding contributions to the field of partial differential equations, especially in hyperbolic, elliptic, parabolic partial differential equations, Navier-Stokes equations, and attractor theory. Her outstanding contributions also made Russia become a scientific and technological power. By explaining her life experience, academic achievements and profound influences, this paper demonstrates her scientific outlook on life, pursuit of scientific excellence and the driving force to promote scientific progress.

The numbers of extreme weather and climate events in many parts of the world are increasing due to climate change, and this phenomenon will become more frequent and severe. A complete and reliable climate observation series over long-time scale is an important basis for interpreting climate change and evaluating model simulation performance. It is also a reliable observation basis for deeply and systematically detecting the characteristics of global, regional or local extreme climate change and predicting the future trend of climate change. In this paper, some important research achievements are summarized, which have been recently made in construction of long-term climate observation series on global, regional and local scales at home and abroad. Several global surface temperature and precipitation climate datasets and their important values for the science of climate change are analyzed. Moreover, technologies and key scientific problems in constructing climate observation series over long-time scale that need to be improved and solved urgently are also discussed. Results indicate that some progress has been made in construction technology of climate observation series over long-time scale for supporting the development of climate change operations. However, there are still some main problems that need to be solved in view of the urgent need of data supply capacity under new situation, i. e., enriching the types of the observed elements, restoring the integrity of historical data, improving the quality of data products, and refining the spatial scale of the object and the temporal scale of the elements. Therefore, a scientific basis can be provided for further enhancing the application value of precious long-term climate observations in meteorological service guarantee and scientific and technological innovation in China.

Since International Maritime Organization(IMO) and European Parliament issued their decarbonization targets for ocean transportation, the bio-methanol('green methanol') has suddenly attracted enormous attention, and its supply falls short of demand. Such an event proves the anxieties about the existence of so-called 'hard-to-electrify' and 'harder-to-abate industries', by the international climate change circle. Methanol has been regarded as an ideal energy carrier. This case reminds that it is not realistic to realize carbon neutrality by only depending upon wind energy or photovoltaic energy. In order to find the solution, it is crucial to play the specific role of biomass. The tendency of neglecting bioenergy and bio-based materials has to be corrected.

Aiming at the problems of current SG-CIM (state grid-common information model) such as difficult to achieve automatic update iteration and low efficient mining of new elements, an SG-CIM model automatic mapping technology based on BERT model and blocking filtering is proposed. On the basis of the existing SG-CIM, an SG-CIM knowledge map and data table knowledge graph are constructed at first. Secondly, by studying the entity alignment method based on BERT model and blocking filtering, the mapping relationship between the two knowledge graphs is established. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experimental analysis of the text mapping effect. Results show that the accuracy of BERT model after finetuning on a self-made data set is more than 95%. This method lays a foundation for subsequent mining of new elements and automatic updating iteration of SG-CIM.

This paper summarizes five characteristics of China's standardization "going out" in terms of innovation ability demand, domestic and foreign policies, development stage transformation, existing problems and breakthrough points. Around the government, scientific research institutions and enterprises respectively from the "strategy and policy formulation, theory and decision support, standard development and participation" and other aspects of China's standard "going out" optimization path.

Steady high magnetic field is a very important tool for frontier researches. Many advanced countries have developed high field magnet technologies and built high magnetic field facilities to create research conditions. The applications of high magnetic field on scientific researches have promoted the development of many disciplines, such as physics, chemistry, material science, bioscience，etc. There are three kinds of steady magnets, namely water-cooled magnets, superconducting magnets and hybrid magnets. Water-cooled magnets can create very high magnetic field rapidly, but with large power consumption. Superconducting magnets have much lower power consumption and the volume and weight of the magnets are much smaller. However, the maximum field of current superconducting magnets is not as high as that of the water-cooled magnets. Hybrid magnets use superconducting coils to replace the outer coils of a water-cooled magnet. So they can create a higher field with lower power consumption compared to water-cooled magnets. This paper briefly introduces the above magnet technologies, reviews their development history and discusses their development perspectives.