Living heart, an emerging technology that integrates virtual reality (VR) with cardiac research, employs computational methods to simulate the physiological and pathological characteristics of heart, effectively replicating the real-time activities of a live-heart in terms of morphology, structure, and function. In this paper, the research progress of the key technologies of living heart in the visualization of cardiac anatomy, cardiac electrophysiological simulation model, and virtual heart organ-level coupling model is reviewed. The application prospect of living heart in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis, cardiovascular disease drug development, medical device research and development, medical teaching and clinical training is expected to provide new ideas for the realization of precision treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Food safety is directly related to human health and safety, thus the development of food safety testing and related safety materials has become a research hotspot in the field of food safety. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) material, due to their good optical stability and high sensitivity, plays an important role in the field of food safety. based on the introduction of the properties of AIE material, the relationship between its structure and AIE performance was discussed, the application of AIE in the field of food safety was also reviewed, including its application in the detection of foodborne pathogens, pesticide and veterinary drug residues, heavy metals, food additives, as well as its application in food quality assessment and food packaging materials. It can be predicted that the accurate design of AIE material structure and the effective regulation of luminous properties can further expand the application range of new AIE fluorescent materials in the field of food safety.

The research and development of new reagents are of great significance for organic synthesis. In recent years, some new reagents with universal applicability have been constantly emerging. This article introduces the latest research progress on new reagents for difluoromethylation and trifluoromethylation. Introduced some new sulfur-containing reagents. New reagents DMSO-I₂ and DMSO-TsCl for sulfur methylation were introduced detailedly, The sulfur-containing reagent Na₂S₂O₄-TBHP (TBHP, t-butylhydroperoxide) is a new reagent used for selective oxidation of aromatic alcohols to aldehydes which was also known as Wang's reagent.

Large cohort study has become an important open scientific research infrastructure and health decision-making support platform in the field of biomedicine and public health. With increasingly highlighted significance, large cohort construction has been laid out in many countries. In this paper, by focusing on the organizational mechanism, funding source, construction mode, standardization scheme, resource management and sharing strategy, etc. of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-Europe), the key to its successful implementation and operation was deeply analyzed, in order to provide experience reference for the construction of a comprehensive, shared and open large cohort with multi-agent collaboration. Results show that continuous input and long-term scientific research mechanism guarantee is indispensable to the construction of multi-agent collaborative alliance distributed large-scale cohort, and its sustainable and high-quality construction also requires forward-looking top-level design, a coordinated and unified management mechanism, standard and comprehensive data and biological sample collection, and a sound policy guarantee system. The following suggestions are made: the government should take a leading role in the planning and scientific design to establish an integrated large-scale cohort organization and management system; special projects with long-term stable support should be set up to ensure the continuous and high-quality construction of large cohorts; a standard and unified construction and management scheme need to be established to ensure the standardization and systematization of large cohort resources; the scale, type and quality of data resources should be improved to establish, open and share high-quality large cohorts; reasonable systems for the protection of human genetic resources and the management of intellectual property rights should be further explored.

The application of uniform droplets is extensive, and the generation methods are increasingly efficient and controllable. This paper describes the principles of continue ink jet (CIJ) and drop-on-demand (DOD). Based on different pulse force formation principles, the technology for producing uniform droplets can be categorized into piezoelectric mode, electromagnetic vibration mode, magnetic fluid mode, gas pulse actuation mode and laser fluid resonance mode. The principles and technical status of these five modes are analyzed and summarized. Furthermore, this paper summarizes the application status of uniform droplet production technology in electronic packaging, inkjet printing technology, micro 3D printing, and biopharmaceuticals. And it provides a prospect for the development trend of uniform droplet production technology.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is the most dangerous mental illness, with the highest suicide rate among various mental illnesses. Light therapy (LT) is a novel and effective therapy for BD. In this article, the physiological mechanisms and current clinical applications of LT in the treatment of BD are reviewed. LT transmits light signals through the inherent photosensitive retinal ganglion cells on the retina to areas such as the anterior chiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, promoting their regulatory functions concerning circadian rhythm, endocrine, and neurotransmitters, thereby relieving BD depression. The mainstream view is that both single LT and LT combination therapy can significantly reduce the severity of depression in BD. With good safety of LT treatment for BD, both strong and weak light treatments are suitable for BD patients. Currently, research mainly adopts white light treatment, with a course of 1~8 weeks. Further research on LT clinical parameters (such as intensity, spectrum, and daily exposure duration) is still needed to provide reference for clinical practice.

In recent years, the construction of cognitive-friendly communities has become a new issue in the context of an aging society and the concept of "people-oriented" urban development. This paper sorts out the theory and significance of cognitivefriendly communities. It also explores the group attributes, behavioural characteristics and environmental needs of cognitively impaired groups. Based on this, the paper discusses the construction of cognitive-friendly communities in terms of physical environment (safe wayfinding, environmental stimulation, need satisfaction) and social environment (social capital, social identity) through reviewing the existing studies. Finally, in view of the limitations of existing studies, the following research and practice outlooks are proposed for the future construction of cognitive-friendly communities: 1) dissecting the needs and preferences of cognitively impaired groups; 2) exploring the categories of stimuli and the mechanisms of environmental factors; 3) quantitatively analyzing the utility of environmental influences; 4) constructing a cognitive-friendly community assessment system. This research can provide scientific theoretical support for building cognitive-friendly communities.

Under the background of the promulgation of the Law on the Construction of Barrier-free Environment and the implementation of the national strategy of actively responding to the aging of the population in China, the significance of therapeutic landscape is prominent, which has important rehabilitation benefits and leisure activity value for the disabled and the all-age population . The design of sensory gardens meeting the needs of more groups has become a hot topic, and it is urgent to summarize the existing results and reveal its development trend. Based on the perspective of generalized accessibility theory, by analyzing the dynamics of academic literature related to sensory gardens, the generalized accessibility shift can be found in terms of service groups, space and design performance. From the aspects of research methods, health benefits, circulation design and sensory design strategies, it can be found that generalized accessible landscape is the development trend of sensory gardens, and the future research on sensory gardens should include expanding solid evidence-based data, and translating it into refined and implementable design guidelines.

The research and development progress of enhanced geothermal system(EGS) simulation experimental devices at home and abroad is reviewed in this paper. The functional characteristics of four types of simulation devices, including hightemperature and high-pressure reaction vessels, rock core clamping seepage simulation systems, rock triaxial electro-hydraulic servo control systems, and large-scale true triaxial experimental systems are sum-marized. Then, the applicability of different experimental simulation devices and their supporting roles in key technologies research for EGS construction are compared and analyzed. Based on the problems existing both domestically and internationally in the development and utilization of dry hot rock resources, the research and development direction of EGS simulation experimental equipment are elaborated. A design idea of building a large-scale modular dry hot rock development simulation experimental platform is proposed on the basis of ex-isting equipment platform. The system composition and modular functional characteristics of the new platform device are explained for the study of formation mechanism of thermal storage areas and the coupling mechanism under complex geological conditions, which provides important data support for the engineering practice of dry hot rock development and utilization.

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative disease caused by mechanical injury, inflammation and metabolic disorders. Extracorporeal shock wave therapy is a clinical physical therapy that can effectively relieve joint pain and delay the process of joint inflammation. In this study, we collect and sort out the related studies of extracorporeal shock wave in the treatment of osteoarthritis from clinical trials and animal models, and then summarize the potential mechanism of extracorporeal shock wave in the treatment of damaged cartilage and remodeling subchondral bone. This study provides a basis for further improving the effect of extracorporeal shock wave in the treatment of osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative disease of joint, which is characterized by degeneration of articular cartilage and inflammation of articular capsule. Inflammatory reaction of articular cartilage is usually related to oxidative stress and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in OA microenvironment. This article describes the role of inflammatory reaction in osteoarthritis and discusses the related progress in the treatment of osteoarthritis with cyclooxygenase, interleukin-1, inhibitor, prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, and antioxidant stress drugs.

Citrus Huanglongbing is the most destructive bacterial infectious disease in the citrus industry, posing a significant threat to the healthy and long-term development of the citrus industry. This article elaborates on the research progress of the pathogens and pathogenic mechanisms of citrus Huanglongbing, analyzes rapid detection methods of citrus Huanglongbing which are mainly based on nanopore sequencing and image datasets, and summarizes the current main methods for preventing and controlling citrus Huanglongbing, including traditional prevention and control methods, disease resistant breeding, drug formulation prevention and control, and biological prevention and control. Based on the current basic status of resistance, prevention, and detection technologies for citrus Huanglongbing, it is proposed to conduct in-depth research in establishment of in vitro cultivation technology for Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus(CLas), development of rapid field detection technology, innovative technologies for large-scale production of new resistant (tolerant) varieties, pathogenic mechanisms of citrus Huanglongbing, and green prevention and control.

Brucellosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by Brucella infection, which poses a significant risk to both human and animal health. Despite efforts to control its spread, the incidence of brucellosis in China continues to rise. Unfortunately, due to the non-specific symptoms of brucellosis, misdiagnosis，and mistreatment often result in chronic and recurring illness, leading to a significant burden on the society. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on potential diagnosis markers of brucellosis from perspectives of proteins, genes, and cells, as well as potential treatment targets of brucellosis from perspectives of vaccine development and new type protein targets, providing a comprehensive summary of new knowledge and perspectives for the development of precise diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for brucellosis.

Unmanned aircraft system traffic management (UTM) system is an important regulatory tool to ensure the development of UAS industry. Based on a comprehensive and systematic comparative analysis of the construction process, system structure, and functions of UTM systems in the United States and Europe, this article proposes ideas for the construction of UTM systems in China, taking into account the development characteristics of China's UAS industry. China needs to reform the regulatory system of the UAS industry as soon as possible, actively cooperate with various experimental bases in research and development, and strive to improve the service technology level of the UTM system, in order to accelerate the modernization process of UAS regulation in China and promote the rapid development of the UAS industry.

With the increasing complexity of the system, showing the characteristics of highly complex functions, dynamic fault reconstruction and coupling correlation in various fields, the limitations of traditional reliability and security analysis methods are becoming more and more obvious. Relying on the rapid development of model-based systems engineering method (MBSE), reliability and security engineers put forward model-based security analysis method (MBSA) and model-based reliability analysis method (MBRA). This paper summarizes the research progress of MBSA from three aspects: how to integrate fault model and system model, how to improve the readability of safety analysis results and how to design appropriate safety analysis flow. This paper summarizes the research progress of MBRA from three aspects: how to improve the automation and scope of analysis tools, how to strengthen the adaptability of modeling language to reliability analysis, and how to construct mapping transformation rules between different models. Then the integrated analysis method of reliability and security based on model is introduced from two aspects: how to design a set of integrated analysis flow for security and reliability analysis and how to solve the interface problems among reliability model, security model and system model. Finally, the existing problems and future development direction in this field are described.

Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is one of the most destructive pests on rice. Chemical control is an effective method to control this pest insect, but excessive use of chemical pesticides will increase the insecticide resistance and pollute the environment and ecology, so the control technology of chemical pesticide reduction and efficiency enhancement is particularly important. In this paper, the occurrence of C. medinalis, its resistance to insecticides and the technology of reducing and increasing the effect of chemical insecticides were reviewed. On the basis of scientific seed selection, scientific water and fertilizer management and accurate forecast, the control of C. medinalis was combined with green control technologies such as ecological regulation, physical and chemical control and biological control, and through the rational selection of high-efficiency pesticides, additives and high-efficiency pesticide application equipment, and enhance the demonstration role of green control demonstration base. As a result, the purpose of reducing the dosage and increasing the efficiency of pesticide would be achieved.

Free radical in coal is one of the primary factors to induce coal spontaneous combustion of, and the essence of effectively preventing spontaneous combustion of coal is to inhibit the promotion of oxidation reactions by reactive free radicals in coal. The reactions of reactive radicals in coal(oxygen-containing radicals and aliphatic hydrocarbon radicals) in the process of coal spontaneous combustion were systematically summarized, and the inadequacies of the current research on coal spontaneous combustion mechanism were pointed out, such as the single type of coal molecular models which only considered the reaction process of oxygen-containing radicals in coal, but not consider the reactions in the presence of oxygen-containing radicals, defects and heteroatoms in coal at the same time. The research mostly focused on the pathways of CO₂, H₂O and CO generation, without a proper explanation of the toxic gases such as SO₂ and H₂S produced by coal spontaneous combustion.Secondly, from the perspective of reactive free radicals in coal, the application research of prepared antioxidants was analyzed in a targeted manner, which will be an effective path to prepare green and efficient flame retardants in the future. It was proposed that the molecular structure of the maceral of coal can be studied in terms of their different physicochemical properties, so it was crucial to identify the maceral in different coals, especially the types of their internal reactive radicals.

The complex hydride NaAlH₄ is a typical hydrogen-storage material with high hydrogen-storage density and low production cost. However, its practical application is limited due to the high dehydrogenation temperature, slow adsorption and release rate of hydrogen and poor reversibility. As a promising hydrogen-storage medium for automobiles, the improvement of its hydrogen-storage properties has attracted much attention for a long time. In this paper, the hydrogen storage properties of NaAlH₄ and its improvement methods are discussed. The principles of two basic improvement methods, namely adding catalyst and structure nanoscaling, are expounded. The important role of theoretical simulation in the study of hydrogen-storage properties of NaAlH₄ is also commented. The purpose of this paper is to provide some guidance for further research on hydrogenstorage properties of NaAlH₄ and to realize its extensive commercial application in the field of hydrogen-energy economy.

In response to the demand for smart ocean construction, a digital twin technology system and application directions for the ocean are proposed. Firstly, the current research and development status of smart ocean is systematically reviewed and analyzed. By studying the integration and application of new generation information technology and industrial technology, the concept and connotation of digital twin are elaborated, and the application scenarios of digital twin in marine scientific cognition,marine development and utilization, the full life cycle of marine equipment and the ocean governance decision-making are provided. Then, in response to the common needs of smart ocean construction and application, a six-dimensional ocean digital twin model architecture theory is proposed, which includes six basic elements: real ocean, digital ocean, interactive mapping,twin ocean data, twin ocean knowledge, and twin intelligent application. Finally, key technical issues and implementation paths for empowering the smart ocean with digital twins are proposed and explored. The aim is to provide some thinking and reference for the future development and deep application of smart oceans through the research of marine digital twin technology.

In this paper, the research status of aluminum alloy wheel production technology at home and abroad are summarized, and the research history and latest progress of cast spinning aluminum alloy wheel forming technology are described. The application of spinning technology in wheel forming is explored and clarified by analyzing the present situation of finite element numerical simulation. The current development trend and deficiency of the forming process are summarized and the further research direction of aluminum alloy wheel casting and spinning forming process is suggested.

Imine Covalent Organic Frameworks (Imine COFs) are a kind of porous organic crystal materials formed by the condensation of aromatic amines and aromatic aldehydes according to the Schiff-base reaction principle. Imine COFs have become the most widely studied COFs materials in recent years due to their advantages of large specific surface area, high porosity, easy functionalization and strong designability. The latest research progress of Imine COFs materials in recent years is reviewed from the aspects of design, synthesis methods and applications. Based on the current status of this field, the existing difficulties in the progress of novel COFs material construction and industrial applications are outlined, and future research trends are proposed, including optimizing the synthesis methods, exploring the conditions for industrial applications, developing multifunctional composite nano-Imine-COFs, and emphasizing the fundamentals of the materials' physicochemical properties, in order to provide ideas for the in-depth research and practical application of Imine COFs materials.

At present, environmental pollution and energy shortage are becoming increasingly serious, and the automobile industry is also moving in the direction of energy conservation and environmental protection. In order to promote the research on the power performance and fuel economy of hybrid electric vehicles, this paper briefly analyzes the working principle of the lithium-ion battery and the factors affecting the life of the lithium-ion battery, summarizes the research status of different methods for predicting the remaining life of the lithium-ion battery and analyzes their advantages and disadvantages. According to the working mode of hybrid electric vehicles, the working mechanism of energy control management strategies are briefly explained, and the development status of energy control management strategies based on rules, optimization and artificial intelligence is described respectively. The influence of battery life control management strategy on vehicle economic performance is discussed. According to the relevant literature analysis, it is found that the battery life prediction method combining multiple methods is more superior, and the energy control management strategy considering battery life has a better effect on improving the fuel economy of hybrid electric vehicles. The problems of battery life prediction and energy control management strategies for hybrid electric vehicles are summarized and the future development direction is forecasted.

Iron tailings are one kind of the largest existing solid wastes in China, and their stockpile is still growing rapidly. On the one hand, the pile of iron tailings not only occupies a large amount of land resources, but also has different degrees of environmental pollution and safety hazards; on the other hand, iron tailings are also a kind of valuable resources, and their reasonable comprehensive utilization can realize the transformation of waste into treasure, and also can achieve the maximum benefit and avoid harm. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to carry out research on the resource utilization of iron tailings. Based on an in-depth analysis of the current situation of iron tailings utilization, this paper proposes feasible suggestions, such as strengthening the management of iron tailings resource utilization and providing technical guarantee for the development and utilization of iron tailings, strengthening the research on the high value-added resource utilization of iron tailings in mining enterprises and exploring new ways to increase the efficiency of iron tailings resources; attracting social capital to invest in the treatment and ecological restoration of iron tailings reservoirs, and so on.

Mine intelligent robot is an important support for realizing intelligent mine construction. The relevant policy, technology development and application of mine intelligent robot in China are summarized. The six characteristics of mine intelligent robot, such as intelligent perception, precise operation, real-time location, intelligent management and control, intelligent decision and fault diagnosis, and the connotation of mine intelligent robot are summarized. This paper analyzes the problems faced by intelligent robot in mines from the aspects of key core technology, data standards and personnel training, etc., and it is suggested that the support and cultivation of enterprises should be strengthened from the aspects of policy support, independent research and development of technology, personnel support and standard setting, so as to create a good ecological environment for intelligent robots, and to promote the high-quality development of mine intelligent robot. It also contributes to the personnel reduction, efficiency improvement, safety and green development of China's mining industry.

The rapid and accurate quantification of coal temperature in restricted spaces in complex coal mining areas has always been a worldwide problem. In view of the limitations of the existing coal fire detection technology, the current research status of coal fire detection technology is summarized, and it is pointed out that the current mainstream measurement methods of hidden high temperature points in loose coal bodies in mining areas can be divided into two categories: contact temperature measurement and non-contact temperature measurement; the current research status of acoustic temperature measurement technology is reviewed, the temperature-sensitive characteristics of acoustic waves and the propagation characteristics of acoustic waves are analyzed, the current research status of combustion sound is summarized, and combustion sound generation mechanism, combustion sound frequency under different conditions and the fire detection technology based on combustion sound identification are analyzed. The concept of a new coal temperature sensing technology is put forward by studying the propagation characteristics of applied sound waves with different frequencies in heating loose coal, grasping the influence of different experimental conditions on the propagation law of "dual source" composite sound waves of external acoustic wave and combustion sound.

The rapid development of high-speed aircraft, microelectronic devices and other fields puts forward higher requirements for the thermal conductivity of thermal management materials. Graphene with excellent thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity is an ideal new generation of thermal management materials. The research status and development prospect of graphene as a high thermal conductivity material are introduced. Firstly, the preparation methods of graphene materials are summarized, including mechanical peeling, epitaxial growth, chemical vapor deposition and redox. Thermal conductivity mechanisms of different types of graphene materials are discussed. Graphene materials carry out heat conduction through phonons and electrons with phonon heat conduction being the mainstay. The thermal resistance network model and thermal conduction permeability model are discussed. The research progress and application of monolayer or less-layer graphene, graphene film, carbon nanotube/graphene composite film and phase-change polymer/graphene composite materials in the field of thermal management are summarized.

Electro-mechanical braking technology has gradually found wide applications in aviation, automobile and other industrial fields due to its remarkable technical advantages, it also has a good development prospect and market space in the field of rail vehicles. This paper summarizes the research progress of electro-mechanical braking technology for rail vehicles. Firstly, the braking principle of electro-mechanical braking technology is introduced and the key technologies to be overcome for the application of electro-mechanical braking technology to rail vehicles are analyzed. Then, the research status of the electromechanical braking technology of rail vehicles at home and abroad is summarized. Finally, the challenges faced by the mass commercial application of electro-mechanical braking in rail vehicle industry are analyzed, so as to provide reference for the follow-up research and product development of electro-mechanical braking for rail vehicles.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an effective extracorporeal life support measure that played a crucial role in the treatment of critically patients with COVID-19. However, its core component, oxygenation membrane for ECMO, has been monopolized by foreign countries for a long time. This study used the Incopat and retrieved form it the patents in the field of oxygenated membranes for ECMO worldwide, which were then analyzied as the original data to disclose the trend and trajectory of technology development, the layout of global market and technology from the perspective of patents. The result shows that COVID-19 has stimulated the development of technology. China becomes the world's third largest source and distribution of patent applications in the field as well as an important target market, but its high-value patents account for a small proportion. Except for a few patents related to membrane preparation and its device, membrane modification, and membrane module, most of the Chinese patents involve the optimal design of oxygenator and related auxiliary technologies, and most of them are utility model patents. The preparation method and optimization process of hollow fiber membrane for ECMO, new polymer materials, membrane modification and composite membrane research are the current hot research topics. Recently Chinese patents reported the preparation technology of PMP hollow fiber membranes for ECMO and related devices, which are expected to achieve a breakthrough in the preparation technology of high-performance PMP hollow fiber membranes. Innovations can be made for the existing defects of polymer material synthesis technology and membrane preparation technology. Meanwhile, it is necessary to increase the research of biocompatibility modification technology and find new materials with better performance to achieve technological breakthrough. Promoting the localization of oxygenation membranes for ECMO will help the localization of ECMO systems.

Natural gas hydrate is a kind of solid crystalline substance formed by water and methane under high pressure and low temperature, which is considered as the clean energy with the most potential to replace fossil energy by all countries in the world. The status of gas hydrate pilot production in the United States, Japan, India, South Korea and China was summarized. It was pointed out that there were some technical problems for the drilling and completion of natural gas hydrate in the sea area, such as narrow drilling fluid density window, difficult bottom hole pressure control, difficult directional well deflection, poor wellbore and wellhead stability, difficult reservoir reconstruction, and difficult sand control. The research and development status of solid fluidization drilling technology, horizontal well drilling technology, dual gradient drilling technology, pressure controlled casing drilling technology, hydraulic jet micro hole drilling technology, drilling fluid technology, and completion sand control technology were reviewed, and it was proposed that the scientific research efforts such as sand production mechanism, sand production prediction, well completion, drilling and completion equipment and instrument development must be strengthened to provide technical support for large-scale exploitation of natural gas hydrate in sea area.

In view of the problems of poor development effect, unclear understanding of multi-cluster fracturing equilibrium expansion control and temporary plugging mechanism, and low-cost and high-efficiency fracturing technology system that has not yet been formed in the economic development of normal hydrostatic pressure shale gas，and based on reservoir characteristics and technology development status, low-cost and high-efficiency fracturing technology countermeasures for normal hydrostatic pressure gas are carried out. The results present that low cost, dense clusters, multi-stage temporary plugging, high-strength continuous pumping sand and increasing ESRV are the directions for continuous optimization of high-efficiency fracturing technology for normal hydrostatic pressure shale gas. Optimizing fracturing cost composition and applying new technologies are effective ways to reduce costs and enhancing production. The cluster spacing has a great influence on the fracturing effect, and the recommended range is 5-10 m. Plugging in the middle and early stage and increasing the plugging times can improve the temporary plugging effect. The higher the stress difference, the more times the temporary plugging is required to increase SRV. To improve the plugging effect, the beneficial time for plugging agent injection is in the middle of the construction for reservoirs with natural fractures density more than 0.5 fracture/m, while the beneficial time is in the early stage of construction for reservoirs with natural fractures density less than 0.5 fracture/m. Temporary plugging agent with particle size smaller than 40/70 mesh, fracturing fluid with viscosity greater than 12mPa·s, and pumping rate greater than 12m^³/min with volume fraction less than 0.1 can enhance plugging fracturing effect. The quartz sand combination of 140/200 mesh (10%) + 70/140 mesh (30%) + 40/70 mesh (60%) and the ratio of sand and liquid greater than 7% are recommended to reduce the cost and to increase the production.

Children's health is a key concern in China at present. The incidence rate of precocious puberty in China is 2%, which is an important disease threatening children's physical and mental health. Idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) is the most common type. This article reviews the current clinical research status, latest achievements, and cutting-edge trends of ICPP. The latest“Expert Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Central Sexual Precocity (2022)”up-dates the age limit of central sexual precocity from 8 to 7.5 years old. Gene diagnosis is a new method to assist in the diagnosis of ICPP, and the“2022 Consensus”suggests that children with the family history of precocious puberty should undergo gene testing. GnRH agonists (GnRHa) are the gold standard treatment regimen for ICPP, which are beneficial for inhibiting bone age development, increasing the final adult height of children, reducing body mass index, and improving brain function. The traditional Chinese medicine treatment of ICPP is currently a research hotspot, including traditional Chinese medicine internal treatment, as well as external treatment methods such as ear acupoint pressing and massage, it has a significant therapeutic effect on ICPP, with its efficacy superior to GnRHa, and its safety may be better. Traditional Chinese medicine or a combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine is expected to become a cutting-edge treatment option for ICPP.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that is prone to occur in the middle-aged and elderly groups. It can erode articular cartilage and its affiliated organization, and seriously affect the life of patients. Hydrogels have good biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties. Functional hydrogels can make up for the shortcomings of short drug action time and the difficulties to cure OA in common therapy approaches. In this article, we review the recent advances of hydrogel as a carrier to treat osteoarthritis from the aspects of drug treatment of osteoarthritis, cartilage defect repair, and synovial fluid repair. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic mechanism of drug release hydrogel, the mechanism of cartilage repair of cartilage defect repair hydrogel and the joint lubrication mechanism of joint lubrication hydrogel were discussed. On these bases, we also summarize the existing problems and propose further development direction of hydrogel in the treatment of OA.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a type I allergic reaction mediated by specific immunoglobulin E after exposure to allergens in atopic individuals. The main symptoms of AR are nasal congestion, nasal itching, sneezing and rhinorrhea, which are worse at night or early in the morning. The circadian clock is an endogenous timing system in the organism that produces an approximate 24-hour circadian rhythm. The temporal characteristics of the changes in the symptoms of AR coincide with the circadian clock, indicating a close relationship with the biological clock. Taking the biological clock into account during the treatment can be effective in improving symptoms and the quality of life. Intrinsic biological clock molecules in mast cell (MC) regulate its activation through both IgE-dependent and non-IgE-dependent pathways, leading to exacerbation of AR at night or in the early morning. Based on the understanding of the circadian clock, three treatment strategies have been proposed. Chronotherapy reduces side effects and increases efficacy by optimizing the dosing time. Combining chronotherapy with immunotherapy is expected to shorten the duration of treatment. Targeting specific biological clock molecules is expected to be a new option. Disruption of clock genes not only affects changes in the timing of the circadian clock, but can also enhances the severity of allergic reactions and even increases susceptibility to allergic diseases, therefore, lifestyle interventions to maintain intrinsic biological clock homeostasis are critical.

As the sea-level rise is expected to reach 80 to 200cm in the next 100 years and inundate hundreds of coastal cities, the number of people forced to relocate globally is likely to reach hundreds of millions. Managing the retreat is increasingly becoming the first option to effectively eliminate the risk. Frequent and serious coastal disasters pose a challenge to the traditional defense idea of "man conquers nature". This paper mainly adopts the literature method to study the management retreat mechanism of coastal disaster risk areas in the US. It expounds the importance of management retreat by reviewing cases and regulations, summarizes five types of tools for implementing management retreat, namely planning, acquisition, supervision, transfer of development rights and laws, and discusses the adaptation of residents in receiving areas and ecological restoration in evacuated areas after evacuation. It is hoped that these strategies can provide reference for the withdrawal mechanism of construction land in our coastal disaster risk areas.

The application of artificial intelligence(AI) in the military field has recently further improved the overall response ability and execution efficiency of information-based joint operations. Electronic countermeasures combat operations take place in an invisible space, it is more urgent for troops to get AI technology support in a fast-changing electromagnetic situation. By sorting out the main application modes of AI technology in military field, this paper systematically studies the application path of AI in electronic countermeasures from a perspective of operational integrity and puts forward specific thoughts and suggestions for combat command，warfare method application，equipment research and development, and intelligent cooperation, so as to accurately serve the electromagnetic field struggle and improve intelligent combat ability.

Breakthroughs of next-generation space nuclear power and propulsion technology will completely change the style of future space exploration missions. At present, the United States and Russia have accelerated their research and development processes of space nuclear power systems to keep their leading positions. This article outlines the classification and application scenarios of space nuclear power systems, summarizes the technology development processes and strategies of the US and Russia. Furthermore, the development trend of space nuclear power is analyzed. The results indicate that compared to the Cold War era, future space exploration missions have put forward new requirements for the power, flexibility, reliability, and safety of the nuclear power systems. The US and Russia attach great importance to the development of space nuclear power technology but there are differences in development strategies and technological routes. The US is conducting comprehensive research and development on radioisotope thermo-electric generator, space reactors, nuclear thermal propulsion systems, and nuclear electric propulsion systems, all driven by next-generation space capability development and deep space exploration projects. Russia, on the other hand, focuses on developing nuclear power propulsion spacecraft projects, taking its own advantages in nuclear power propulsion technology, with the intention of maintaining its competitiveness in the space field with limited resource investment.

At a time of turmoil in the world situation, implementation of scientific system intervention policy is of great significance for effectively dealing with risk challenges. The practice cases of international mission-oriented innovation policy（MOIP）are investigated and compared in terms of of key mission, policy subjects, policy objectives, policy tools and facing up to challenges. It is shown that MOIP has the characteristics of long policy implementation cycle, mission-oriented response to challenges, authority and diversity of policy subjects, multiplicity and specificity of policy objectives, and diversity of policy tools. Suggestions are put forward for China to lay out MOIP, such as strengthening top-level design, scientifically designing strategic direction, strengthening overall coordination, and optimizing and improving policy toolbox.

This paper summarizes five characteristics of China's standardization "going out" in terms of innovation ability demand, domestic and foreign policies, development stage transformation, existing problems and breakthrough points. Around the government, scientific research institutions and enterprises respectively from the "strategy and policy formulation, theory and decision support, standard development and participation" and other aspects of China's standard "going out" optimization path.

Based on the theoretical and practical background of regional innovation ecosystem, this paper reviews the literature on the concept, research paradigm, evaluation and governance of regional innovation ecosystem. In summary, the research of regional innovation ecosystem in China has gotten some achievements and has achieved many breakthroughs in serving regional economic and social development. In the future, breakthroughs can be made in the following aspects: Firstly, the context of the era background should be expanded. Secondly, the research area and evaluation indicators need to be further enriched and adjusted; Thirdly, the elements of research content should be enriched.

Advances in deep learning technology and the development of the digital economy have promoted the development of artificial intelligence-generated content (AIGC) technologies such as virtual humans. Cross-domain face synthesis is one of the key technologies in virtual human production, and it has a wide range of applications in social media, film and television production and other fields. This paper summarizes the origin of cross-domain face synthesis technology, and its typical task types and difficulties, technological development and challenges, potential applications, and issues, and discusses its future development trend and challenges from the aspects of self-supervised and weakly supervised cross-domain synthesis, utilization of pre-trained large models, and privacy protection.