AI+钢铁下一阶段的主要目标是全流程一体化的AIGC+钢铁，数字换脑，模型换代，登顶RS（ROBOTSTEEL），完成钢铁工业中国式现代化的光荣任务。

日地空间是当前航天活动、空间开发利用的主要区域，被认为是陆、海、空环境之外，人类活动的“第四环境”。太阳活动引起的日地空间环境在短时间尺度上的变化，被称为空间天气。灾害性的空间天气会对卫星、通信、导航、电力系统等造成不良影响，亟需联合全球空间天气监测与研究力量开展科学攻关。

量子计算测控系统是量子计算机中的核心模块之一，它的任务是精准地控制量子比特的状态，执行量子逻辑门操作和量子算法运算等工作。该系统是连接量子芯片与经典控制器之间的“桥梁”，决定了量子计算机的可操作性、可扩展性与计算精度。2025年6月16日，安徽省量子信息工程技术研究中心发布消息称，中国首款面向千比特规模设计的超导量子计算测控系统ez-Q Engine 2.0，正式交付中国科学技术大学、中电信量子集团等多家科研与产业单位。

在后摩尔时代寻找更高性能、更小尺度的电子器件材料已成为全球科研热点。二维半导体因其原子级厚度和独特物理性质，被认为是第5代半导体的有力竞争者。然而，如何在如此薄的材料中有效调控载流子密度，一直是影响其性能释放的关键难题。

海洋占地球表面的71%，每年吸收约1/4人为排放的CO₂。中尺度涡广泛存在于海洋中，其水平空间尺度约百公里，对海洋的物质输运和能量交换具有重要作用。然而，由于观测的局限性（通常仅能捕捉到涡旋个例）以及涡旋生命周期的复杂性，长期以来，关于中尺度涡对海-气CO₂通量的净效应缺乏系统性认识，这限制了对海洋碳汇准确评估的能力。

在城市地下飞速延展的地铁和隧道背后，一种名为“盾构机”的庞然大物正默默承担着穿山破土的重任。如今，这头“钢铁穿山甲”也变得越来越聪明了。

由中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院等离子体物理研究所承担的聚变堆主机关键系统综合研究设施“夸父”（CRAFT）项目取得重要进展。低杂波电流驱动系统是CRAFT项目的重要组成部分，用于驱动和维持托卡马克装置里的环向等离子体电流。2025年6月18日，该系统通过专家组测试与验收，全部实现国产化，性能达到国际领先水平。

多年来，流感始终是全球公共卫生面临的一项巨大挑战。流感药物作为治疗利器，在中国目前仍以进口和仿制为主，常出现一药难求的局面。2025年5月20日，由广州国家实验室牵头研发的抗甲型流感1类新药——昂拉地韦片获国家药监局批准上市，该药物是全球首款靶向甲型流感病毒RNA聚合酶PB2亚基的创新药。

在生命起源的奥秘中，胚胎发育始终是深受关注的谜题之一。2025年6月18日，东南大学林承棋等在《Cell》发表最新研究，首次构建覆盖小鼠原肠运动后期至心脏等器官原基形成期的单细胞精度三维数字胚胎，系统解析了小鼠早期心脏等中、内胚层器官的动态发育图谱。同时也为学界理解器官再生、肿瘤发生等重大科学问题提供了全新方法论。

先前对动物和人的研究提示，血液中低浓度的牛磺酸可能导致衰老。2025年6月5日，美国国立卫生研究院国立老化研究所在《Science》发表研究称，牛磺酸的血浓度不会随年龄的增长而递减，牛磺酸浓度的变化更多是因人而异，而非衰老。

2025年6月11日，美国加州大学戴维斯分校发表于《Nature》的研究显示，脑机接口（BCI）系统利用人工智能来解码使用者试图说话时的脑电活动，可以帮助一名患有严重言语障碍的男子能够富有表现力地说话和唱歌。

管道是城市与工业运行的“血管”，但泄漏问题却始终是安全与资源管理的顽疾。长期运行中，老化、腐蚀、地质变化乃至人为破坏都可能引发液体泄漏，造成巨大的能源浪费、公共安全风险及生态破坏。然而，当前主流的声学、光纤、红外与雷达等检测手段，在监测精度、成本和实时响应方面仍存在诸多局限，尤其难以捕捉微小或突发的泄漏事件。

一种新发现的微生物暂被命名为“Sukunaarchaeum”。虽然它并非病毒，但和病毒一样，除了自我复制外几乎无法进行其他生命活动。

2023年4月的某一周，佛罗里达州华盛顿橡树花园州立公园里热闹非凡。一只山猫正在追踪东美松鼠，一条东部菱背响尾蛇在灌木丛中蜿蜒爬行，而大橡树中间的空地上则活动着大棕蝠、蚊子和鱼鹰等多种野生动物，以及人类访客。

Functionalized porous carbon materials (PCMs) were prepared by calcining rose pomace as raw material and KOH as activator at high temperature in a resistance furnace at 500 ℃ to investigate the adsorption performance of PCMs for the removal of methylene blue in water.The parameters for the preparation of PCMs were impregnation ratio of 1:1, impregnation time of 4 h, and activation time of 50 min.The PCMs were characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectrometer, and pore size analyser. Characterised by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and pore size analyser, the PCMs were characterised by the presence of a variety of functional groups on the surface, the specific surface area of 285.112 m²/g, the average pore size of 4.2 nm, the total pore volume of 0.1589 cm³/g, and the percentage of mesopores was 54.05%. Taking the removal rate of methylene blue in printing and dyeing wastewater as an index, the preferred results of one-way experiment were: the dosage of PCMs was 0.15 g, the initial concentration of methylene blue was 80 mg/L, the initial solution pH=11, and the adsorption time was 4 h, under which the removal rate of methylene blue by PCMs could be up to 99.52%; and the optimal adsorption conditions of PCMs obtained from the response surface experiment were as follows: the PCMs The optimal adsorption conditions for PCMs were: PCMs dosage of 0.153 g, initial concentration of methylene blue of 64.35 mg/L, and pH=10.93, which predicted that the removal rate of methylene blue could reach 100%. Kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption of PCMs on methylene blue solution conformed to the quasi-secondary kinetic model (R²=0.9564), and the adsorption isotherm was well fitted by Freundlich (R²=0.9580).

跨越2000 km还能把时差掐在几皮秒？这曾被不少计量专家视作“地面链路的天花板”。中国科学院国家授时中心张首刚、董瑞芳和刘涛团队用1根公共通信光纤、2束相邻波长的光脉冲，将这一极限再向前推进一大步——在2061 km现场链路上，把1 s稳定度做到了5.6 ps，授时误差再缩小数十个百分点。

2025年5月28日，极地科考破冰船“雪龙2”号抵达海南海口，结束了208 d的南极科考航程，是中国极地考察史上单船执行任务历时最长的一次。

青藏高原人群的“幽灵祖先”源自哪里？这个长期未解的谜团得到了关键线索。中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所付巧妹团队通过对来自云南17个遗址、7100年前以来的127例古代人类基因组测序，首次从遗传学角度精准识别了青藏高原“幽灵祖先”，并探讨了云南作为多元人群交流枢纽的关键作用。2025年5月29日，相关研究成果发表于《Science》。

中国疾病预防控制中心最新流行病学调查显示，中国成年人群非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）患病率达29.2%，在北上广深等一线城市，35岁以下人群患病率年增长率超过7%。

2025年5月30日，全国科技工作者日系列活动以“矢志创新发展建设科技强国”为主题，由中国科学技术协会联合科学技术部、中央宣传部共同举办。

2025年5月29日1时31分，中国在西昌卫星发射中心用长征三号乙Y110运载火箭，成功将行星探测工程天问二号探测器发射升空。火箭飞行约18 min后，将探测器送入地球至小行星2016HO3转移轨道。此后，探测器太阳翼正常展开，发射任务取得圆满成功。

过去10年，钙钛矿太阳能电池认证功率转换效率已提升至27%，与商用硅电池相当，但是长期运行稳定性尚不能满足光伏产品要求。南京航空航天大学郭万林和赵晓明团队开发出气相辅助表面重构技术，抑制了产业级钙钛矿模组在户外环境下的不可逆退化，在30 cm × 30 cm的钙钛矿模组中首次实现与商用晶硅太阳能电池相当的户外运行稳定性。2025年5月29日，相关研究成果发表于《Science》。

我们孤独吗？这是人类思考的千古难题。中国科学院云南天文台顾盛宏领衔的国际联合研究团队，在世界上首次利用凌星中间时刻变化（TTV）反演技术，在类太阳恒星的宜居带发现一颗质量大约是地球10倍的超级地球——开普勒-725c，其轨道周期为207.5 d，接收的平均辐照为地球的1.4倍，符合生命存在的条件。

马铃薯Y病毒（PVY）作为全球茄科作物的重要病原体，每年对马铃薯、辣椒和番茄等经济作物造成严重损失，其有效防治是当前农药化学领域的重要挑战。传统防治策略主要通过杀虫剂控制蚜虫媒介或施用抗病毒剂，但受限于虫体抗药性演变及药物作用靶标单一，实际防治效果始终难以突破。

视网膜退行性疾病是全球不可逆视力丧失的主要病因。这类疾病的共同特征是视网膜（眼球后部的感光层）中的感光细胞（视杆细胞和视锥细胞）逐渐退化。然而，视网膜中的其他神经元（包括双极细胞、无长突细胞、水平细胞和视网膜神经节细胞）通常仍能维持大部分功能，并通过视神经维持与视觉皮层的连接。视网膜假体的设计初衷是通过人工刺激这些存活的视网膜神经元来提供有用的视觉感知，但大多数系统面临依赖外部电源以及对视网膜神经元刺激有限等挑战。在《Science》上，Wang等研究人员提出了一种由碲纳米线网络构成的视网膜假体，该技术在解决部分现有局限的同时，亦能响应比视锥细胞和视杆细胞更广的电磁波谱范围。

2025年5月23日，一篇新闻报道披露美国国家科学院、工程院和医学院（NASEM）即将大幅裁员。次日清晨，美国国家科学院院长Marcia McNutt向员工发送了一封致歉备忘录。她此前向STAT（美国在线新闻媒体平台）透露，到夏末可能裁减250个职位，这一消息令约1100名NASEM员工震惊不已。McNutt表示，关于即将裁员的具体人数“尚未做出决定”。

2025年5月5日，一场名为“为了科学选择欧洲”的大会在巴黎索邦大学召开。法国与欧盟委员会在会上宣布，在特朗普政府减少对科研领域的资助之际，欧盟将设立一项经费为5亿欧元的科研激励计划，吸引外国的科研人员，特别是来自美国的科研人员赴法工作。

2025年4月30日，国际热核聚变实验堆（ITER）组织在其官方网站正式宣布，历经数十年的攻关，这座汇集全球30余国科研力量打造的“人造太阳”取得关键突破：全球规模最大、性能最强的脉冲超导电磁体系统建造完成。

2025年4月28日，中国气象局发布的《极地气候变化年报（2024）》（以下简称《年报》）中指出，极地气温延续较常年略偏高趋势，2024年，南极大陆年均气温为-31.79℃，较1991—2020年均值略高0.05℃；北极地区持续增温，2024年北极地区年均气温为-6.89℃，较1991年—2020年均值高0.65℃。

Technological talents are the core element for achieving self-reliance and self-improvement in China's science and technology, and innovation willingness is the key to stimulating the vitality of technological talents. This article takes 236

scientific and technological talents as the survey subjects, adopts the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis method, and explores the configuration path of multi factor synergy affecting the innovation willingness of scientific and technological talents under the TPB framework. Research has found that there are four driving types of high innovation willingness among technology talents, namely demonstrative norms innovation attitude driven, directive norms innovation attitude driven, endogenous attitudes subjective norm driven, and innovation attitude driven. Innovation attitude is an important condition for technology talents to generate innovation willingness; Directive norms and demonstrative norms are key elements in regulating the innovation willingness of scientific and technological talents, and there is a substitution relationship between the two; The perceived behavioral control of technology talents has a weaker effect on enhancing innovation willingness. This article reveals the complex causal mechanism of the synergistic effect of planned behavior theory elements on the innovation willingness of scientific and technological talents from a configuration perspective, providing important reference for organizations to cultivate the innovation willingness of scientific and technological talents.

To support the logistics industry’s sustainable growth, it is essential to identify the driving forces and the peak path of carbon emissions in the province’s logistics industry along the Belt and Road. Firstly, this paper uses the carbon emission coefficient method to calculate the carbon emissions of the provincial logistics industry along the Belt and Road from 2006 to 2021. Then, the generalized Divisia index method is used to decompose the driving factors of carbon emissions. Finally, combined with Monte Carlo simulation, three scenarios are set up to predict the carbon emissions of the logistics industry from 2022 to 2035, aiming to study the future carbon peak scenario and effective carbon peak path of the logistics industry along the Belt and Road. The results show that: (1) Among the factors that promote the increase of carbon emission, the effect of fixed asset investment and the added value of the logistics industry is significant. Among the factors that promote carbon emission reduction, investment carbon intensity and output carbon intensity have significant effects. (2) The northeast and northwest regions can achieve the 2030 carbon peak target under the government intervention scenario, and the Belt and Road can only achieve the carbon peak target under the technology breakthrough scenario. This means that to reach the carbon peak as quickly as possible, we should fully embrace both the functions of governmental intervention and technology innovation breakthrough.

Grasping the spatial and temporal evolution of transportation carbon emissions in the western region is of great significance for promoting the high-quality development of transportation in the west and narrowing the gap between the east and the west. In this paper, on the basis of measuring the transportation carbon emissions of 11 provinces in the western region from 2013 to 2022 using the "top-down" method, the natural discontinuity method, standard deviation ellipse method and spatial correlation network method are used to reveal the evolution law from the three dimensions of regional non-equilibrium distribution characteristics, center of gravity transfer trajectory and spatial correlation. The study shows that: (1) The growth trend of transportation carbon emissions in the west is slow, and the overall unbalanced regional distribution is characterized by "high in the middle and low in the north and south"; (2) The center of gravity of transportation carbon emissions shifts from the northwest to the southwest, and the difference between the level of transportation in the area of center of gravity and the rest of the provinces increases due to the impacts of location, policy, and development, and the centripetal convergence force is enhanced; (3) There is a significant spatial correlation in the western transportation carbon emissions. There is a significant spatial correlation effect of transportation carbon emissions in the west, in which the overall correlation effect in the policy and economic drive there is an upward trend, the local correlation effect of the phenomenon of bifurcation, Northwest and Southwest China are respectively in the "low-low" and "high-high" aggregation area. The northwestern and southwestern regions are in the "low-low" and "high-high" agglomeration zones, respectively, and have formed a certain range of agglomeration effects with neighboring provinces.

As a mainstream science and technology in the new era, brain-computer interface has been widely used in education, medical, military, business and other fields, and has many functions such as "non-contact information dissemination", "deep reinforcement of human body functions", "efficient data transmission", etc. for enabling intelligence activities. The "non-contact information dissemination", "deep enhancement of human body functions", "efficient data transmission" and other functions have profound practical significance for the development of intelligence activities. By analysing the specific functions of brain computer interface technology for intelligence activities and the real risks of applying brain-computer interface technology in intelligence activities, we have constructed a compliance and protection mechanism that ranges from the guidance of principles to the anchoring of rules, and we strive to effectively safeguard the comprehensive application of brain-computer interface technology in the field of intelligence. In addition, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of preventive interest protection, the principle of interest level protection, and the principle of combining punishment and reward in the process of application, and dissolve the risks that brain-computer interface technology may face in the application of intelligence field from five aspects: the protection of individual's right to self-determination, the formulation of privacy compliance protection strategy, the strengthening of the supervision responsibility of the intelligence organisation, the improvement of the data security review system, and the formulation of the rewards and punishments mechanism for the protection of data compliance.

The concept of "all-age friendliness" is a nascent but profound topic that impacts the spatial quality and future development of cities. Addressing issues such as insufficient refinement and mismatches between age groups and spatial needs in current urban planning and construction, this study focuses on the main urban area of Wuhan as a research subject. Leveraging big data from online public opinion, combined with techniques such as natural language processing and geospatial statistical analysis, we identify critical spatial issues related to different age groups and their distribution characteristics. The results reveal that spatial issues related to all age groups vary in content and emphasis. Old communities, schools and their surrounding neighborhoods, as well as commercial and office areas, are prone to issues specifically related to certain age groups. Urban transportation spaces and residential areas undergoing renewal are more likely to encounter issues pertaining to all age groups. Conversely, blue and green public spaces represent the least problematic spatial types. Based on these findings, this study provides guidance for the nascent exploration of all-age friendly cities in China, focusing on two aspects: "supporting the use of specific age groups" and "facilitating shared access for all ages." This research contributes to the ongoing efforts in enhancing the urban spatial quality and inclusivity for all age groups.

康复医疗工作是卫生健康事业的重要组成部分。加快推进康复医疗工作发展对全面推进健康中国建设、实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略、保障和改善民生具有重要意义。

坚定不移走绿色发展之路。

《气象高质量发展纲要（2022——2035年）》

在人的一生中，无可避免地都会遭受到疼痛的侵扰。如何管理疼痛，关乎着人们的生活质量乃至生命健康。随着人们对疼痛问题的认知及关注程度不断提高，中国疼痛医学的发展经历了长足的进步，逐渐成为一个独立的学科领域。

党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央把解决好中国十几亿人的吃饭问题作为治国理政的头等大事，立足世情国情粮情，提出“谷物基本自给、口粮绝对安全”的新粮食安全观，确立“以我为主、立足国内确保产能、适度进口、科技支撑”的国家粮食安全战略。

功能分子和材料研究最新进展与未来展望、我国深空探测现状与未来、强激光与加速器发展、疫苗研发创新与公共安全、量子科技最新进展与未来展望、通用人工智能认知大模型发展等相关主题。