以西江23-1油田H2A砂岩储层为背景，分析了不同细粒含量砂岩孔隙结构。开展了不同细粒含量砂岩应力敏感性实验，采用应力敏感性系数、渗透率损害率和渗透率曲率评价了砂岩应力敏感性，结果表明，随着细粒含量的增加，砂岩渗透率应力敏感性增强。综合分析了砂岩孔隙结构及渗透率应力敏感性，表明孔隙体积分布是影响砂岩应力敏感性的主要因素，即小孔频率越高，渗透率应力敏感性越强。提出了砂岩孔隙率-应力预测模型，预测有效应力增加过程中砂岩孔隙演化。

轨道交通运输规划及控制的数学本质为离散约束下的优化问题，具有NP（non-deterministic polynomial）难的高计算复杂度问题。作为未来计算能力跨越式发展的重要探索方向，量子计算有望为解决现有大规模路网中的复杂问题提供潜在解决方案。介绍了量子计算的基础概念及算法，分析了其在轨道交通领域的潜在应用场景，包括行车调度组织优化、列车自动运行控制和列车群组的动态编解。通过实验验证了量子粒子群算法在解决复杂优化问题中的优势，表明量子计算在处理大规模离散约束优化问题时具有显著的计算效率提升。然而，量子计算技术在轨道交通中的应用仍面临量子比特退相干、硬件集成和结果安全性等挑战。总结了量子计算在轨道交通中的应用前景及可能面临的问题，强调了量子计算技术在推动轨道交通智能化发展中的潜力与挑战。

计算全息技术是动态三维显示的理想解决方案，具有广阔的应用前景。在当前的技术条件下，计算全息技术面临的最大挑战是全息算法难以同时兼顾计算的精度和速度。为此，提出了卷积误差消除的模型驱动相位型全息图生成网络，实现了高保真相位型全息图的快速生成。首先，研究了角谱法中卷积误差的产生机制，提出了无卷积误差的角谱法，开发了基于无卷积误差角谱法的迭代框架，证实了无卷积误差角谱法对于提升相位型全息图计算精度的有效性；其次，以无卷积误差角谱法作为编码器构建了卷积误差消除的模型驱动相位型全息图生成网络，将相位型全息图的计算时间减小了3个数量级。通过网络生成的相位型全息图，抑制了全息光学重建中的散斑噪声，提高了重建结果的细节质量，平均峰值信噪比高达20.38 dB。伴随着深度梯度显著性和通道效率一致性的继续提升，该网络有望广泛应用在虚拟现实、元宇宙和三维视频通讯等领域。

为解决目前海上高温高压低渗气田在清喷排液过程中存在的高密度钻完井液固相含量高，易沉降导致清喷困难；钻井船综合日费高，排液周期长，造成清喷成本高；海上空间受限，清喷设备空间布置及安全性要求高等一系列难题，通过科技攻关，自主形成了一套适用于海上高温高压低渗气田清喷排液关键技术体系。该技术研发了超细重晶石加重的钻开液+封隔液+无固相完井液的工作液体系，设计了一套井口小平台清井放喷地面流程，提出了一套海上高温高压井井口平台清喷安全控制方法，合理优化了井口平台的清喷管线流程及装置布局，形成了清喷流程多节点监测控制系统，设置了地面流程应急关断屏障，在地层高压气体泄漏发生时能够及时关断流体来源，保障清喷安全。该技术在南海莺歌海盆地高温高压低渗气田中成功实现了现场应用。

Trade security of key products in the lithium industry chain is an important issue concerning the security of national strategic mineral resources. Based on China's foreign trade data of key products in the lithium industry chain from 2013 to 2022, on the one hand, China's trade pattern and evolution law of key products in the lithium industry chain were explored from the dimensions of trade scale and trade partners; on the other hand, the security evaluation index of import and export structure were constructed and the security level of China's trade structure of key products in the lithium industry chain were assessed, to provide reference for the formulation and adjustment of China's lithium resources security strategy. The results showed that: Since 2013, China's trade in key products of the lithium industry chain has been expanding, with lithium carbonate mainly imported, while lithium hydroxide and lithium-ion batteries mainly exported; The importers of China's key products in the lithium industry chain are more than its exporters, in which, China's trade partners of lithium carbonate and lithium hydroxide are relatively concentrated, and the number of China's trade partners of lithium-ion batteries is rising steadily to an increasingly prominent core position of trade; China's import and export structure pattern of lithium carbonate, which has been fluctuating between strong import and weak import, is at a strong import stage currently; the import and export structure of lithium hydroxide has always been maintained in the mode of strong export, and the import and export structure pattern of lithium-ion batteries has shifted from a relative balance to weak export and then to strong export; the structural security of China's lithium carbonate imports and lithium hydroxide exports are insecure, while the trade structure of China's lithium-ion batteries has been in a long-term secure state.

锂产业链关键产品贸易安全是事关国家战略性矿产资源安全的重要问题。基于2013—2022年中国锂产业链关键产品的对外贸易数据，一方面，从贸易规模、贸易伙伴2个维度，全面探讨中国锂产业链关键产品的贸易格局及演化规律；另一方面，构建进出口结构安全性评价指数，评估中国锂产业链关键产品贸易结构的安全水平，以期为中国制定和调整锂资源安全战略提供参考。研究结果表明：2013年以来，中国锂产业链关键产品的贸易规模不断扩大，其中，碳酸锂以进口为主，而氢氧化锂、锂离子电池均以出口为主；中国锂产业链关键产品的出口贸易伙伴均多于进口，其中，中国碳酸锂和氢氧化锂的贸易伙伴相对集中，而锂离子电池的贸易伙伴数量稳中有升，贸易核心地位逐渐凸显；中国碳酸锂的进出口结构模式在强进口和弱进口之间波动，现阶段体现为强进口，氢氧化锂的进出口结构始终维持在强出口模式，锂离子电池进出口结构模式经历了“相对平衡—弱出口—强出口”的转变；中国碳酸锂进口和氢氧化锂出口的结构安全性均处在一种不安全的状态，而中国锂离子电池的贸易结构长期处于安全状态。

基于空冷型燃料电池原位测试实验平台，对优化的阳极氢气侧双向供气的气路结构和阴极空气侧强化中间区域散热的差异化风速风扇配置方案开展实验分析。结果发现，优化脉排间隔时间可以减小运行过程中的电压衰减，并提出了基于不同负载层次的氢气控制策略。阴极中间区域风速提升可以改善单电池内温度和电流密度的分布均匀性，提出了分段式风扇转速控制策略，在不同负载电流区间内对最佳运行温度和阴极入口风速进行了设计。在此基础上，搭建包含33节电池的空冷型燃料电池系统，验证了控制策略的有效性。

新污染物共暴露会对污水处理厂活性污泥微生物群落结构产生重要影响，但卤代咔唑和纳米材料复合污染对活性污泥系统生态效应的研究尚未开展。选择低（0.05 mg/L）和高（5 mg/L）2种浓度的三氯咔唑（3-chlorocarbazole，3-CCZ）与1 mg/L纳米四氧化三铁（Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles，Fe₃O₄NPs）作为胁迫条件，探究复合污染对活性污泥体系细菌群落的短期影响以及胁迫后体系对低温的响应。结果表明，3-CCZ与Fe₃O₄ NPs复合污染会对微生物群落丰富度产生抑制作用，污染物的添加以及低温环境都会改变微生物群落结构。基于全尺度分类发现各类群微生物中均存在抗性与恢复特性不同的特定菌属，稀有属对污染物的添加更敏感，丰富属中的Saccharimonadales和TM7a一直是优势菌属。利用网络关系图探究6个生物类群间的相互作用，条件稀有菌属（conditionally rare taxa，CRT）与条件丰富菌属（conditionally abundant taxa，CAT）分别是胁迫阶段和低温阶段下的核心分类单元，复合污染胁迫下稀有属与丰富属之间存在着复杂的共现关系。功能微生物中反硝化细菌（denitrifying bacteria，DNB）的相对丰度受到复合污染胁迫影响最显著，尤其低温环境下DNB相对丰度出现大幅上升。高浓度复合污染会引起硝化基因的富集，反硝化功能基因面对复合污染呈现出不同的变化。研究可为污水处理系统卤代咔唑与纳米材料复合污染的风险评价提供新的思路与理论依据。

针对浅水航道水域较浅且环境条件复杂恶劣的现象，以浮筒宽高比过大的新型半潜平台为研究对象，基于时域分析理论和浅水波浪理论，通过数值模型对比分析不同有义波高、谱峰周期、浪向角、拖航速度和拖揽长度对浅水海域半潜平台拖航运动响应和拖揽张力的影响。结果表明：波浪高度越高，平台垂荡、缆绳张力越大；谱峰周期越长，纵摇、缆绳张力越小；浪向角对横纵摇影响较大，极值呈凹凸型分布；不同工况下的新型半潜平台横纵摇均≤5°，满足拖航规范要求；缆绳张力受航速和波高的影响较大，当波高达到5 m，拖揽张力超过安全范围，可以通过降低拖航速度、缩短缆绳长度等措施规避风险。

图像压缩感知是一种能够在低采样率下实现高效信号采样与重构的技术，但在实现高质量图像重构时，面临局部与全局特征难以有效融合的问题。为此，提出一种结合Transformer与卷积神经网络（convolutional neural networks，CNN）优点的图像压缩感知重构框架（transformer-CNN mixture transformer，TCMformer）。该框架充分利用CNN的局部建模能力和Transformer的全局特征捕捉能力；设计了一种特征融合模块（TCM Block），有效桥接局部与全局特征，从而提升特征表示效率；同时，为降低模型复杂度并控制计算成本，框架采用基于窗口的Transformer结构，通过分块实现高效的全局建模。此外，引入渐进式重建策略，利用多尺度特征图逐步优化重建质量。实验结果表明，TCMformer在峰值信噪比、结构相似性和视觉效果上相较于主流的压缩感知重构算法表现更优，为实现高质量的图像重建提供了一种有效的解决方案。

Seismic water temperature observation instruments (abbreviated as thermometer) plays a key role in short and imminent earthquake prediction. However, for a long time, there has been a lack of field detection method with quantitative traceability, which is, mobile calibration method. In this paper, two kinds of mobile calibration methods of thermometers, namely in situ comparison method and constant temperature chamber comparison method, are proposed, and the influence of these methods on the continuity of observation data is preliminarily verified by field experiments. The results show that under the conditions of the experimental well, the standard deviations of the observation data of the measured instrument before and after mobile calibration are close, with the maximum difference of -0.0002℃, the maximum difference of the variation amplitude of the indication value of -0.0053℃, and the calculated results of interference degree (ID) of all<50%. The influence of mobile calibration method on instrument data continuity is in the acceptable range. Although the method has some limitations in the scope of application, it is still a potential scheme to realize the traceability of station operating thermometers.

Gray water is a kind of domestic sewage with light extent of pollution, and rural grey water accounts for 60%~70% of rural domestic sewage. If it is properly used, the situation of rural water shortage will be greatly improved. algal-bacterial symbiosis system is a potentially efficient and economical treatment for rural gray water. In this study, the feasibility of practical application of this method was demonstrated by studying the biological activity and pollutant removal effect of single or symbiotic Chlorella-activated sludge system under free and immobilized states, and the variation rule of microbial growth under different conditions was analyzed. The experimental results show that, in the condition of no aeration, the photosynthesis of Chlorella can supply a certain amount of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) to the system, and the immobilized Chlorella-activated sludge system showed the best removal effect on the pollutants in simulated rural gray water (the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand 87.5%±2.89%; Ammonia nitrogen 65.34%±2.0%; Total Phosphorus (TP) 60.4%±4.29%; Linear Alklybezene Sulfonates (LAS) 91.07%±2.04%). The treatment effect was better than that of single fixed system and free system of bacteria or algae, and the biomass increased significantly compared with other experimental groups (p<0.05). The symbiotic effect between activated sludge and Chlorella was obvious. In the semi-continuous operation test, the immobilized algal-bacterial symbiosis system showed better pollutant removal stability. The unit cell chlorophyll content and Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) accumulation in the immobilized state were 1.6 and 1.5 times of that in the suspended state, respectively, and the biological growth was good in the immobilized state. In the immobilized state, the phylum flora retained more of the same category before and after the experiment, while the changing trend of Actinobacteria in the two experimental groups was different. During the experiment, LAS showed obvious enrichment of bacteria and strong inhibition of nitrobacteria activity, indicating that nitrogen removal in water was closely related to the biological activities of Chlorella.

In order to improve the service performance of oil pipeline for oilfield development, this paper takes Ф73×5.51 mm J55 oil pipeline as the substrate, and uses self-spreading high-temperature synthesis technology (SHS) to add 4wt%Nb₂O₅, 8wt% ZrO 2, 13wt% CrO₃, and 5wt% SiO₂ to the basic aluminum thermal system of Al+Fe₂O₃ (B component) as a new type of SHS material system, and prepares a new type of ceramic lined wear-resistant coated oil pipe (A component). Using SEM analysis, EDS analysis, XRD analysis, FTIR analysis and other analytical means to test the acid corrosion resistance, bonding strength, bending strength and crush strength and other properties, comparative analysis results show that: the corrosion resistance, bending strength, bonding strength and crushing strength of the ceramic lining layer prepared by component A are better than that of component B. The flow corrosion weight loss rate of component A coating and component B coating at 1200 h is 0.42% and 0.54%, respectively, which is better than that of J55 tubing substrate, and the bending strength of ceramic lined tubing prepared by component A is 15.9% higher than that of component B. Based on the observation of the slip position, the transition temperature between the strength of partial metallurgical bonding at the Fe-Fe interface and the mechanical bonding at the FeAl₂O₃ interface was determined to be about 200℃, with the mechanical bonding strength being greater than the metallurgical bonding strength at low temperatures, and the mechanical bonding strength being less than the metallurgical bonding strength at high temperatures. Both the bond strength and the crush strength properties of the ceramic lining layer showed a significant decreasing trend with increasing temperature.

In response to clear understanding of reservoir rock-forming and pore evolution characteristics，this study takes the tight sandstone reservoir of the Lower Cretaceous Yingcheng Formation and Shahezi Formation in the Longfengshan Sub-sag of the Changling Fault depression in the Songliao Basin as the research object, and the pore evolution process of the main rockforming phases is quantitatively recovered on the basis of reservoir characteristics and rock-forming phase delineation. The conclusions are as follows. The main rock type of the target formation is rock chip sandstone with low structural maturity and poor sorting and rounding; the typical type of reservoir diagenesis is compaction and cementation, the diagenetic stage is intermediate diagenetic stage B, and the diagenetic coeval sequence is: early compaction - chlorite cementation - turbidite cementation - early calcareous cementation - phase I dissolution - siliceous cementation - phase II dissolution - late calcareous cementation; the typical diagenetic phases include chlorite cementation diagenetic phase, turbidite cementation diagenetic phase and acidic dissolution diagenetic phase, and each diagenetic phase has undergone the process of compaction and cementation to reduce pore size, and two stages of dissolution to increase pore size; the pore evolution characteristics and the understanding of tight gas reservoir formation period are integrated, and two reservoir evolution models are established, namely the first tight and then reservoir formation model and the tight unresolved reservoir model.

Information processing of ancient Chinese seldom uses unearthed documents as corpus to carry out relevant research. The number of Liye Qin bamboo manuscripts reached ten times that of all the Qin slips unearthed before, which can fill many gaps in the historical records of the Qin Dynasty. In this paper, we used them as experimental corpus and explored the automatic sentence segmentation and word segmentation of unearthed documents based on the CRF model. We combined the actual characteristics of the corpus and set up different feature templates to verify the generalization ability of model sequence labeling on different tasks. We set up a joint approach to sentence segmentation and word segmentation as comparative experiment to select a better performance processing plan. At the same time, a comparative experiment was designed between deep learning methods and pretrained models. The results proved that the overall performance of the joint approach in each task was improved and that the F1-score of automatic sentence segmentation and word segmentation reached 75.79% and 94.44%, respectively. Since it's faster and takes less time, this approach is more suitable for the Liye Qin bamboo slips. The research results can serve the proofreading work of the last three volumes of Liye Qin bamboo slips and the in-depth processing and construction of the corpus.

The effect of post-heat treatment on the microstructure and microhardness of laser cladded high Co-Ni secondary hardening steel coating was investigated. The microstructure of the coating was analyzed using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and the microhardness was measured with a Vickers indenter. Decomposition of the retained austenite in the coating occurred during the post-heat treatment. As the temperature increased from 200 ℃ to 600 ℃, the quantity of the retained austenite at the boundaries decreased significantly, while that of the needleshaped M₃C cementite and M₂C carbides increased. The M₂C carbides evidently coarsened when the temperature was 550 ℃ and 600 ℃. The microhardness of high Co-Ni steel coating increased as the temperature of heat treatment increased from 200 ℃ to 400 ℃ because the fine-scale M₂C carbides were coherent with the matrix and increased distinctly in this temperature range. While the microhardness decreased sharply when the temperature was improved from 500 ℃ to 600 ℃ due to both the incoherency of the coarsened M₂C carbides and the recovery of dislocations in the carbon-supersaturated matrix.

The high temperature of self-propagation is about 1000℃, which exceeds the tolerable temperature of 502~638℃ of the bearing temperature of aluminum alloy tube and causes thermal damage to the aluminum alloy substrate, while Si, Ti and Mo, as the additive phases, can reduce the temperature of self-propagation aluminum thermal reaction by activating the crystal lattice and wetting the interface. In this paper, low-temperature self-propagation technology is used to prepare wear-resistant coatings on the inner wall of aluminum alloy tubes with small inner diameters, and investigated the effect of added phases (Si, Ti, and Mo) on reducing the temperature of the self-propagating aluminothermal reaction system. Orthogonal experiments were used to determine process parameters such as the optimal ratio of aluminothermic agents, additive phases, and cooling pressure, and the cooling mechanism of additive phases was studied. The results show that the traditional aluminothermic reaction process releases a large amount of heat. Adding Si and Ti phases can lower the reaction temperature, slow down the severity of the reaction, and even inhibit the progress of the reaction. Adding an appropriate amount of Mo will cause the aluminothermic reaction to occur again. The Exothermic reaction temperature of the self-propagating reaction system with all added phases is about 100℃ lower than that of the aluminothermic reaction, and the weight loss at high temperature is at least 1.33%. The optimal ratio is: the cooling gas pressure is 0.2 MPa, the mass fraction of the added phase is 6%, and the mass fraction of thermite is 94%.

This study observed the effects of intravenous patient-controlled analgesia with hydromorphone combined with butorphanol on postoperative pain neurotransmitters, inflammatory factors, and oxidative stress levels, aiming to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and application value of comprehensive analgesic methods. Postoperative orthopedic patients were randomly divided into a study group (with a combination of hydromorphone and butorphanol) and a control group (with butorphanol alone for pain relief). Serum substance P (SP), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and beta endorphin (β-EP) were used as pain neurotransmitter markers, interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) were used as inflammatory cytokine markers, cortisol (Cor) and norepinephrine (NE) were used as oxidative stress markers, and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) was used to measure clinical analgesic efficacy. The results showed that the combined group had a lower post-operative VAS, which further reduced the serum SP, PGE2, NE, Cor levels, increased the β-endorphin levels, and reduced the incidence of adverse reactions. The combination of butorphanol and low-dose hydromorphone can further reduce the levels of pain transmitters, alleviate oxidative stress reactions, increase pain thresholds, reduce patient pain levels, and improve anesthesia safety.

Entity alignment, as an important research direction in knowledge graph research, aims to connect different entities pointing to the same real-world object in different knowledge graphs, and thus to achieve the expansion of knowledge graphs. At present, there are two mainstream research approaches in this field. One is to analyze the structural characteristics of knowledge graphs, and the other is to analyze the element information (such as entity name, relation name, attribute name) of knowledge graphs. In this article, a novel entity alignment model EAFF (Entity Alignment based on Feature Fusion) is proposed to analyze the features of knowledge graphs from the perspectives of graph structure and element information. First, a graph neural networkbased entity alignment algorithm was designed to obtain aligned entity pairs based on graph structures. Then, an entity alignment algorithm based on element information was designed to obtain aligned entity pairs based on element information. Finally, using feature transformation and sorting algorithms, two sets of aligned entity pairs are sorted to obtain aligned entities in the knowledge graph. In the experiment, EAFF achieved relatively good results, surpassing current mainstream algorithms.

Marine high-tech enterprises are the core carrier and main organization of the marine high-tech industry. The identification of their location characteristics and influencing factors is of great significance for optimizing the spatial layout of regional industries and accelerating the high-quality development of the marine economy. Based on the data analysis of China's marine high-tech enterprises, in this paper the nearest neighbor index, kernel density estimation, hot spot analysis and other methods are adopted to explore the spatial distribution, sub-industry development characteristics, agglomeration characteristics and hotspot division of marine high-tech enterprises. Meanwhile, geographic detectors are used to explore influencing factors and interactions of their spatial distribution. The results show that: (1) The temporal and spatial evolution of China's marine hightech enterprises in three different development stages has obvious regional differences and industry orientation, that is, the overall pattern is "dense in the north and sparse in the south", "high in the east and low in the west", and the distribution is concentrated in the Yangtze River Delta, Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Shandong Peninsula, Pearl River Delta and other regions; industries such as seawater utilization, marine biomedicine, and marine equipment manufacturing are the main industries. (2) Both the overall and sub-industries of China's marine high-tech enterprises have the characteristics of spatial agglomeration. All the three development stages have passed the significance test, and the degree of spatial agglomeration is becoming more and more obvious; the spatial distribution density has formed 4 high-density core areas and 3 sub-density core areas and several small core areas; hot spots are mainly concentrated in the Bohai Rim, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta. (3) The main core influencing factors are industrial base, economic base, regional characteristics and regional policies. The influence of the interaction of different factors on the spatial distribution of enterprises is greater than the influence of each factor alone.

After China has made remarkable achievements in tackling poverty, overcoming relative poverty has become a difficult problem in the new period. Overcoming energy poverty will be an important task for China to promote energy transformation and achieve common prosperity. Based on the panel data of 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) in China from 2005 to 2021, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system to measure the energy poverty index, and studies the regional differences and distribution dynamics of energy poverty in China by using the two-dimensional decomposition method of Gini coefficient, kernel density estimation and Markov chain. Come to a conclusion:China's energy poverty has eased as a whole, with obvious regional differences; The overall difference is convergent, with the most obvious difference between regions and the largest difference in energy consumption structure. Energy poverty is persistent and characterized by "club convergence". The above conclusions will provide inspiration and decisionmaking reference for understanding the current situation of energy poverty in China and solving it.

The concept of "all-age friendliness" is a nascent but profound topic that impacts the spatial quality and future development of cities. This study focuses on the main urban area of Wuhan as a research subject to address issues such as insufficient refinement and mismatches between age groups and spatial needs in current urban planning and construction. Leveraging big data from online public opinion, combined with techniques such as natural language processing and geospatial statistical analysis, we identify critical spatial issues related to different age groups and their distribution characteristics. We argue that spatial issues related to all age groups vary in content and emphasis. Old communities, schools and their surrounding neighborhoods, as well as commercial and office areas, are prone to issues specifically related to certain age groups. Urban transportation spaces and residential areas undergoing renewal are more likely to encounter issues pertaining to all age groups. Conversely, blue and green public spaces represent the least problematic spatial types. Based on these findings, we provide guidance for the nascent exploration of all-age friendly cities in China, focusing on two aspects: supporting the use of specific age groups and facilitating shared access for all ages. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts in enhancing the urban spatial quality and inclusivity for all age groups.

Integrated energy system (IES) has broken the boundaries between various terminal energy networks. Comprehensive evaluation of its technology popularization and application is an important step to promote the development and construction of IES. To cope with the problems of IES such as technology's wide scope, large number influencing factors, and complicated evaluation indexes, an evaluation model and method of IES technology's popularization and application are established by combining operation research comprehensive evaluation theory and digital portrait technology. Based on massive monitoring data and IES operation data, the evaluation model generates a multi-source feature evaluation label system regarding to environment, performance, economy and society, and integrates the popularization and application information from many aspects to build a complete and multidimensional IES technology portrait. According to expert scoring and important information feature screening of IES original data, a method combining subjective and objective analytic hierarchy process (AHP-entropy weight method) is used to assign weights to the labels, and the contour of IES technical portrait is formed by fine weight calculation. Finally, the national IES demonstration project in Shanghai Lingang and a park level IES project in the north are selected as examples for evaluation and verification. Results show that the model and method proposed in this paper are applicable in engineering applications and can provide reference for design and construction of IES and promotion and application of key technologies.

Systematically assessing the scarcity of metals required by large-scale development in wind-power and solar power sectors and conducting recycling simulation are the basis of tackling the metal constraint challenge. We argue that 6 types of metal minerals (copper, nickel, dysprosium, tellurium, zinc, silver) have greater supply pressures during the wind-power and solar photovoltaics development while tellurium, copper and nickel have relatively higher criticality. The uncertainties of windpower and solar photovoltaics development have impacts on the supply pressure of metal minerals. "Wind-dominate" pathways generally have a greater metal mineral supply pressure than "solar photovoltaics dominate" pathways. The metal recycling and reuse strategies will play an important role in the mid to long-term future. The coping strategies have greater impacts on dysprosium and silver than other metals. The 20%~30% increasement of metal recycling rate will lead to 5%~16% decline of cumulative metal pressure. We also show that the current metal availability of China cannot fully meet the metal mineral demand during China's large-scale development in wind-power and solar-power, nor can the adptation of single strategies. We suggest that policy makers should consider the heterogeneity of different metal minerals, the uncertainty of energy development pathways, and the characteristics of metal supply when constructing the integrated coping strategies portfolio in the future.

At present, visually impaired groups account for as much as 0.9% in China while the outdoor guide environment and the landscape experience design for the visually impaired still face many challenges, such as imperfect guide facilities and lack of sensory experience. This paper takes the 15-minute living circle around the Guanyuan Bridge in Beijing as the main research sample, and uses Depthmap software to calculate the optimal path for a visually impaired in the circle to travel from one place to another (e.g., from the blind massage shop to the park, etc.). Combined with investigation and interview, an evaluation system for the use of the travel path for the visually impaired group is finally constructed, and the landscape experience design strategies of the visually impaired group are proposed in terms of point space, linear space, and plane space.

This article takes the travel needs of visually impaired population as the entry point and the barrier-free environment of urban living streets that are essential for travel as the research object. Firstly, 18 visually impaired individuals were selected to conduct semi-structured interviews, and the built environment data of the study area was obtained through open-source data and field research. Secondly, based on the Grounded Theory, the intense degree of travel willingness of the visually impaired people was correlated with their travel needs, i. e., "able to travel" corresponds to safety, "easy to travel" corresponds to convenience, and "willing to travel" corresponds to comfort, and then constructs an evaluation system for the accessibility of living streets in 3 dimensions - safety, convenience and comfort. Finally, taking the living streets in the historical district（Daoli area） in Harbin as the empirical object, the barrier-free environments of the streets were evaluated, and the problems and spatial characteristics were summarized from the 3 dimensions of safety, convenience and comfort, so as to propose optimization strategies such as the diversification of the types of barrier-free facilities for the visually impaired, providing scientific support for the construction of barrier-free environment and the practice of high quality urban street renewal.

As the working temperature of aero-engine turbine continues to rise, the inner cavity structure of turbine blades becomes more and more complex. Such hollow air-cooled thin-wall structure requires the very thin wall of turbine blades, while the performance of thin-wall sample may be different compared with standard sample. The stress rupture properties and the fracture character of the second generation directionally solidified alloy DZ406 at 900℃ and 1030℃were studied by using the round bar specimen and three thin-walled specimens with different thicknesses. Results show that the thin-wall effect was very obvious, and under the same test condition, the smaller the wall of the specimen, the more serious the decline of the life. The fracture analysis indicate that the fracture mechanism of DZ406 superalloy by the coalescence of the ‘surface oxidation-crack initiating-crack growth' and ‘inside creep damage'．The relationship between effective stress and oxidation thickness indicates that the surface oxidation had great influence on the durability of the thin-wall specimens.

The large number of types of reactor coolant pump condition sensors leads to three difficulties in current main pump condition anomaly detection: difficulty in modeling complex condition data, difficulty in detecting early abnormalities, and difficulty in assessing the degree of abnormality. The study of rapidly developing deep learning techniques such as neural networks can provide new ideas to solve these problems. To this end, a codec network structure anomaly detection method MSFCNAD (multi-scale FCN-based anomaly detection) based on multi-scale fully convolutional neural networks is proposed. Based on the multivariate temporal characteristics of the main pump state, this method uses the full convolutional neural network codec for pixel-level training to precisely locate the abnormal range of reactor coolant pump state data. At the same time, taking into account the main pump state abnormal time characteristics, the multi-scale feature matrix of reactor coolant pump state is extracted, and the abnormal extent is judged by the graded abnormal range detected by the feature matrix of different scales. On this basis, experiments are conducted using real nuclear main pump data to compare the classification effects of several models such as ARMA, BiLSTM, FCN and AEs. The results show that the MSFCNAD model outperforms the models listed in the paper in terms of recall and F1 score, which are 78.44% and 80.30%, respectively, better than the highest 77.53% and 69.74% of the other models. The experimental results show that this method has better performance compared with other anomaly detection methods, and it can also judge the severity of anomalies by the degree of anomalies and prioritize maintenance processing.

Taking the forest park located on the outskirts of Fuzhou, a typical high-density city on the southeast coast, as an example, this study used ENVI-MET software to simulate and analyze the impact of different vegetation spatial configuration types on the cooling effect, aiming to propose useful strategies to improve the cooling effect of forest park vegetation. The correlation between different vegetation spatial configurations and cooling effects was systematically clarified, 18 idealized scenarios were designed, and the microclimate model ENVI-MET was used for simulation analysis. These 18 scenes represent 3 vegetation spatial configuration types with different degrees of fragmentation (blocky green space, sparse point green space, dense point green space) and 6 vegetation types (bare land, grassland, shrub, small tree + grassland, large trees + grass, large trees + shrubs). The results show that large trees are an important factor affecting the cooling effect while grass and shrubs do not cause cooling of the surrounding air due to the reason of thermal radiation accumulation. In addition, the higher the degree of fragmentation of the spatial configuration type of tree vegetation, the lower the cooling effect will be, while the effect of spatial configuration types of grassland and shrub vegetation is not significant. It is further concluded that in the process of vegetation construction and management of forest parks, attention should be paid to the cooling effect of trees, at the same time, the fragmented design of space for tree clusters should be avoided, allowing the clusters of trees to be highly concentrated.

Improving comprehensive energy efficiency in provinces along the Silk Road Economic Belt has far-reaching economic and geopolitical significance so as to enhance openness posture, promote industrial upgrading, and improve location and transportation advantages. Using the data of the provinces and cities along the Silk Road Economic Belt from 2006 to 2019, their comprehensive energy efficiencies and influencing factors were measured and analyzed by adopting the super-efficiency SBM model and geodetector model. The conclusions of the study are as follows. The comprehensive energy efficiency of the Silk Road Economic Belt could be generally characterized by a "V" shape, with the efficiency being an overall upward trend From the results of Malmquist index, technical progress contributed most to the comprehensive energy efficiency, and the technical efficiency of the provinces along the route should be strengthened. The influence of single-influence factor was significant, and the roles of energy structure and industrial structure showed an upward trend while the roles of government intervention, urbanization, Internet penetration, transportation accessibility, and environmental regulation a downward trend. The double-factor interaction was greater than the single-factor, and the energy structure combined with other factors and transportation accessibility combined with other factors were the most important double-influencing factors of the comprehensive energy efficiency of the Silk Road Economic Belt. Finally, suggestions are presented to improve the comprehensive energy efficiency of the provinces along the Silk Road Economic Belt.

In China applied research National S&T Funds are designed to solve key techniques for industries so as to achieve technical inventions. This paper designs a representational framework to characterize the patent output, which can be used to identify relevant technical fields through cluster analysis and construct a benchmarkingometric model to compare performances. The performance evaluation of S&T Funds focuses on the three dimensions: output, effect and influence. A relevant indicator system is also designed, including patent outputs, effective inventions, output mode, implementation license, cited times, science linkage, patent family, top 10% highly cited patents, technology influence index, representative patents, etc. Taking "water special project" as an example, the paper compares output, effect and influence from the three dimensions at domestic and international levels. It is found that the technical influence of "water special project" has been significantly improved. During the 12th Five-Year Plan period and 13th Five-Year Plan period, it far exceeded the international and domestic technical influence indexes. At the same time, it comprehensively covered 7 related technical fields, among which the technical field of water purification instruments and equipment was a characteristic field formed by related technical patent achievements under the special water project.

The effects of the flight height of the head, disk speed, pressure difference of the head/disk interface, and lubricant thickness on Zdol lubricant transfer were studied by using the coarse-grained molecular dynamics model. The results showed that with the increase of head flight height, lubricant transfer increased first and then increased rapidly. Lubricant transfer increased with an increase in disk speed. And compared with low flight height, the impact of disk speed on lubricant transfer at high flight height was more severe. Furthermore, lubricant transfer also increased with the increase of the pressure difference at the head/disk interface. And compared with the low flight height, the pressure difference had the most obvious effect on lubricant transfer at the high flight height. What’s more, lubricant transfer increased with the increase of lubricant thickness as well.

3,5-difluoro-2,4,6-trinitroanisole（DFTNAN）is a promising melt-cast carrier explosive that is expected to replace TNT. The compatibility of 3, 5-difluoro-2, 4, 6-trinitroanisole as a new melt-cast explosive carrier with a number of high explosives (RDX, HMX, CL-20 and TKX-50) and functional additives（powdered aluminum and ammonium perchlorate）was studied at the mass ratio of 1:1 by using DSC and VST methods. The detonation properties of DFTNAN/ RDX, DFTNAN/HMX, DFTNAN/CL-20, DFTNAN/Al and DFTNAN/AP mixtures were calculated. Experimental results of compatibility indicated that there were differences in the results of compatibility determination due to the differences in the test principles between DSC method and VST method. Through comprehensive analysis, DFTNAN showed good compatibility with RDX, HMX, CL-20, AP and Al except TKX-50. The results of detonation performance calculation exhibited that the addition of AP can effectively improve the oxygen balance of DFTNA. Among RDX, HMX and AP, the detonation energy of DFTNN/CL-20 mixed system was the biggest, with detonation velocity being 8899 m·s-1, detonation pressure 39.6 GPa, and detonation heat 6442 kJ·kg-1, which are 4.0 %, 32.9 % and 0.6 % bigger than those of pure DFTNAN, respectively.

Path planning is an indispensable technology in the field of robot research. Aiming at the path planning problem of mobile robot in complex unknown environment, an improved RRT_Connect algorithm is proposed to optimize the searched nodes and planned partial paths. Firstly, the algorithm introduces bias strategy of endpoint and searched node, which introduces bias probability reference value of endpoint and searched node in random sampling function, so that random sampling point is set as endpoint or searched node according to random probability. Then, by screening the effective new nodes and the parents of neighboring nodes in a certain range, the path planning cost is optimized to make the planned path tend to be smooth. The simulation results show that the path planned by the proposed improved RRT_Connect algorithm is better than before in terms of the average number of turns, average planned path length and average planning success rate.

The statistics and visualization of horizontal static characteristics and vertical dynamic characteristics of patent data are analyzed by using chart software, and the overall trend, technology distribution and layout tendency of patents of typical national defense science and technology innovation subjects in the US are also analyzed. It is found that the current US defense science and technology innovation subjects are diverse and strong, technology development is balanced, hot areas are prominent, and the US has recently gradually attached importance to patents distribution to China. Therefore, China should learn from the development experience of the US, plan its technological development path of science and technology, cultivate an enterprise-led innovation pattern, improve the duty invention system, formulate rational game strategies between China and the US, effectively promote the development of defense science and technology, and safeguard national security.

The emerging digital economy can achieve low-carbon development at a lower cost, and it is an important engine for integrating carbon neutrality and economic development goals. This paper uses the matching data of the listed companies and the prefecture-level cities from 2011 to 2020 to discuss the mechanism and the effect of digitalization on the cost of carbon emission reduction and the changes brought about by urban low-carbon total factor productivity. The results show that the impact of digitalization on urban low-carbon total factor productivity through carbon emission reduction costs shows the characteristics of "first suppression, then promotion". The mechanism study found that the impact of digitalization on carbon emission reduction costs was nonlinear due to the combined effects of energy demand structure, factor technology efficiency and green technology innovation: in the early stage of digitalization, the surge in energy demand and the decline in factor technology efficiency offset the positive effects of green technology innovation, and the carbon emission reduction cost increased. In the middle and late stages of digitalization, with the optimization of energy demand structure and the improvement of factor technology efficiency, the cost of carbon emission reduction decreases. The heterogeneity analysis shows that compared with state-owned and high-energyconsuming enterprises, the digital transformation of non-state-owned enterprises and low-energy-consuming enterprises reduces the cost of carbon emission reduction earlier and improves the low-carbon total factor productivity of cities. Cities with low resource dependence, developed economy, large scale, and high coupling and coordination between digitalization and green technology innovation have a stronger inhibitory effect on the cost of carbon emission reduction, and the low-carbon total factor productivity of cities has been greatly improved.

The carbon emissions in the construction industry in China have become one of the main sources of carbon emissions in the entire society. Analyzing the spatial characteristics of carbon emissions intensity in the construction industry and identifying its key influencing factors are the key to achieving sustainable urban development and achieving the dual carbon goals. Based on the calculation of the carbon emission intensity of the construction industry in 30 provinces of China from 2010 to 2019, this paper analyzes the spatial characteristics of the carbon emission intensity of the construction industry in China using geostatistical methods, and further establishes Random Forest model to dynamically quantify and identify the key influencing factors of carbon emission intensity and analyze their impact laws. The results show that: 1) From 2010 to 2019, the overall spatial pattern of carbon emission intensity in China's construction industry showed significant spatial autocorrelation with a fluctuating upward trend. 2) The carbon emission intensity of the construction industry in 30 provinces of China exhibits significant north-south differentiation in local spatial patterns, with hot spots shifting from West China to North China, and cold spots shifting and expanding from East China to South China. 3) In the development process of the construction industry, the level of material consumption, urbanization rate, population mobility, and energy consumption have a significant impact on the carbon emission intensity of the construction industry. Subsequently, differentiated carbon emission reduction policies should be formulated from multiple perspectives such as the spatial characteristics of carbon emissions, energy utilization, and population agglomeration in different regions.

This study aimed to investigate the anti-fatigue effect of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on human forearm flexor finger muscle, in order to provide reference for the clinical application of HD-tDCS. In this study, 19 healthy male subjects were recruited to observe the anti-fatigue effect of HD-tDCS on the contralateral hemisphere motor cortex on the muscle of the right forearm flexor finger muscle during the fatigue induced by 35% maximal isokinetic voluntary contractions. Subjects were divided into Baseline, HD-tDCS, and Sham groups. Surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals were collected during the performance exercise task and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) was asked after task. The fatigue time of forearm flexors in HD-tDCS group was significantly longer than Baseline and Sham groups (P<0.05). The level of RPE reported after exercise in Baseline and Sham groups was significantly higher than that in the HD-tDCS group (P<0.05). The sEMG level of forearm digital flexor in HD-tDCS group was lower than that in Baseline and Sham groups during isometric contraction. Applying HD-tDCS on the primary motor cortex of the contralateral hemisphere motor cortex can effectively prolong the fatigue resistance time and reduce the fatigue perception of the flexor fingers of the forearm, suggesting that HD-tDCS can improve the muscle fatigue resistance and reduce the subjective fatigue feeling to a certain extent.

As a primary mineral product, platinum is an important strategic mineral in China, which is mainly used in the fields of automobile, jewelry, and chemical industry. In this study, a dynamic material flow analysis model of platinum in China for the period of 2016-2020 was constructed to quantitatively assess the anthropogenic flow and social inventory of platinum. Then the automotive industry was selected based upon the sectoral consumption approach to measure the end-of-life of platinum, and policy recommendations were made for the sustainable development and resource management of platinum based upon the findings. We found that:(1) China's platinum minerals are small and of low grade, and the available reserves and production of platinum ores are declining, with the national average grade of platinum being only 0.341 g/t;(2) the consumption and import dependence of platinum is largely increasing year by year, with the jewelry industry being the industry with the highest demand,and the stock and scrap of platinum in the automotive industry is also growing dramatically. All these findings indicate that we should explore new high-grade platinum mines and enter cooperative relationships with major platinum exporting countries; and that the future recycling potential in China is tremendous, while the improvement of the collection system of platinum-containing products after consumption can enhance the recycling of secondary resources to effectively recover platinum scrap, thus reduce the import dependence and well foster the sustainable use of platinum.

The curing performance of different 3D printing photosensitive resins varies, which are light cured under the same 3D printer. 2 characteristic parameters, critical exposure and transmission depth, were used to characterize the photosensitivity of photosensitive adhesives, and the mathematical relationship between critical exposure and transmission depth was explored. The measuring methods of critical exposure and penetration depth were studied. The effects of light intensity and resin color on resin curing were measured. Under certain conditions, the penetration depth generally increased with the increase of light intensity,and the critical exposure also increased with the increase of light intensity. Light colors have higher penetration depth than dark colors, and require higher critical exposure. The depth of cure decreases with increasing concentration of photoinitiator. The critical exposure decreases firstly with the increase of photoinitiator concentration, and then tends to be flat.