Cancer is an important public health concern threatening the well-being of Chinese residents. Through collaborative efforts among multi-levels of government, disease prevention and control centers, as well as medical institutions, China has achieved remarkable progress in cancer screening and early detection and treatment. This article summarizes the screening methods for common cancers in China, outlines the cancer screening progress of four major public health programs, and provides an overview of current challenges. With the implementation of screening programs, the early detection rate of cancer has continuously improved, and the quality of screening has gradually enhanced. However, there are still several deficiencies in China's cancer screening efforts, including increasing the participation rate of screening and enhancing the quality of grassroots-level screening.

In January 2023, the latest report of American Cancer Statistics in 2023 was published in CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians. This report elaborated on the cancer prevalence in America under the COVID-19 pandemic for the first time, described the secular trends in the burden of major cancers, and projected the cancer cases and deaths in 2023. We analyzed the pattern of cancers distribution by geographic area, time, and characteristics of the populations in China and America according to systematical interpretation of the report combined with the cancer statistics in China. We also summarized the current challenges in the development of cancer prevention and control system in China, and provided insights for its construction depending on assessing advancements and underlying reasons of that in America.

This article endeavors to explore the current development status of an all-round and full-cycle health management model for cancer and provide strategic recommendations to address future challenges, in support of the realization of China's ‘Healthy China 2030’strategic plan. Building upon an analysis of the current status of cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention and control management in China, the article combines the new trends, missions, and demands in cancer care to propose the developmental trajectory of China's cancer diagnosis and treatment model. This trajectory shifts from a disease-centered multidisciplinary approach to a patient-centered all-round and full-cycle health management at the present stage. This article further delves into the characteristics and shortcomings of the current cancer diagnosis, treatment, and prevention and control system in China, and puts forward corresponding recommendations. These recommendations include enhancing the focus and investment in prevention and screening, standardizing cancer diagnosis and treatment protocols and quality control, prioritizing improvements in patient quality of life, and promoting the development of accessible and intelligent medical services.

Immunotherapy, as the most influential tumor treatment method at present, has comprehensively changed the treatment pattern of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, there are still many unresolved issues in the immunotherapy of advanced NSCLC, such as the combination and optimization of immunotherapy combination models, the mechanism and response strategies of resistance in tumor immunotherapy, finding effective biomarkers for immunotherapy, exploring immunotherapy strategies with special population characteristics, and managing the toxic side effects of immunotherapy. This article proposes some issues and perspectives on the current status and future path of immunotherapy for advanced NSCLC, hoping to provide new ideas that are in line with the current immunotherapy for advanced NSCLC, and to provide readers with directions for thinking and future exploration.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) drugs have both the powerful killing effect of traditional chemotherapy drugs and the precise targeting of antibody drugs, bringing new hope for solving the dilemma of lung cancer treatment. This review article summarized the mechanism of action of antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), introduced the clinical research progress of ADC in lung cancer, analyzed the challenges of ADC application in lung cancer, and looked forward to the development direction and application prospects of ADC in lung cancer.

Primary liver cancer (HCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract, and its incidence and tumor-related mortality rank among the forefront of malignant tumors in China for years. Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC), as a vascular interventional therapy with Chinese characteristics that has received more and more attention in recent years, is playing an ascendant role in the comprehensive treatment of intermediate-to-advanced stage HCC. The current article reviewed HAIC as an important treatment method in the multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment of HCC patients at the intermediate-to-advanced stage and discussed the effects of HAIC and hepatic arterial chemoembolization recommended by guidelines on the treatment of intermediate-to-advanced stage HCC from the perspective of multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment, and wish to provide theoretical guidance for the future multidisciplinary clinical practice of intermediate-to-advanced stage HCC based on vascular interventional therapy.

This article provided an overview of current therapeutic strategies to overcome CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance in breast cancer and analyzed the clinical findings of CDK4/6 inhibitor cross-line therapy, novel oral SERDs, PI3K/AKT/mTOR inhibitors, ADC drugs, AURKA inhibitors, HDAC inhibitors, immunotherapeutic strategies and anti-senescence therapies after CDK4/6 inhibitor progression and the related mechanisms. Furthermore, we prospected the potential targets for clinical studies in the future.

Thoughts and suggestions on accelerating the construction of innovative pharmaceutical medicine discipline in China were put forward by systematically analyzing the necessity of the discipline in China, the main existing problems, and the foreign experiences. This paper also called for gathering the strength of the whole industry and society to create a system conducive to the cultivation and development of talents in the innovative pharmaceutical medicine in China, so as to provide talent resources for innovation and globalization of pharmaceutical medicine development.