The impact of global warming and how to deal with it are topics of widespread concern across various sectors of society. This paper focuses on the impacts of global climate change on dryland. Over the past fifty years, the temperature has risen at the rate of 0.32℃ /decade, and climate warming has enhanced the evaporation capacity and consequently expanded the world's arid regions by approximately 2.61×10⁶ km². The frequency and severity of droughts has also increased, with an average of 251 meteorological droughts occurring in 34 major river basins. The drought heatwave compound events and flash droughts are becoming more common. The duration of heat waves has extended from 8 to 12 days on average. With climate warming, the water availability has decreased with increased water uncertainty. Concurrently, greenhouse gas emissions increased and carbon sequestration reduced. Desertification has aggravated, and poverty?stricken area has expanded. In light of these challenges, it is recommended to vigorously advocate carbon emission reduction strategies to curb the pace of climate warming, strengthen international cooperation, formulate a global action plan to mitigate the continuous expansion of arid areas, build a cooperation mechanism to address climate change in terms of policy, management, education, science and technology, finance and other aspects, and solve the "double dilemma" of desertification and poverty in multiple ways.

Building a world power in science and technology requires support from excellent work styles and academic ethics. Based on the survey data of the national scientific and technological workers conducted by the China Association for Science and Technology, this paper analyzed the cultural, institutional, and individual causes behind the negative phenomena in the scientific community, such as weakened spiritual motivation and the spread of utilitarianism. It pointed out the harm of poor academic conduct to the academic ecosystem, talent cultivation, and public trust. The paper proposed paths to strengthen the governance of work styles and academic ethics through demonstration and guidance to promote the spirit of scientists, combating academic misconduct and formalism, and cultivating scientific and cultural confidence through education, so as to create a clean and positive innovation ecosystem and advance high-level scientific and technological self-reliance.