18 June 2013, Volume 31 Issue 17

    

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  Estimation Method of Consolidation Seismic Subsidence of Saturated Soft Clayey Soil with One-side And Two-side Drainages

  LIU Jintao;JIN Xiaomei

  . 2013, 31(17): 15-19. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.001

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  During earthquake disasters, the consolidation seismic subsidence of soft clayey soil in the coastal areas could cause the damages of building subsidence, collapse, and non-uniform settlement. Therefore the research on the consolidation seismic subsidence of soft clayey soil and the method for estimating seismic subsidence are the important subject. Based on the equivalent stress principle of soil dynamics, the problem of consolidation seismic subsidence on loading and unloading conditions is simplified to the general consolidation problem, and the variations of extra-static pore water pressure of soft clay in one-side and two-sides drainages are discussed. Furthermore, a relative simple method for seismic subsidence estimation is put forward and it is validated by the data collected from Wanghailou residential area of Tanggu, Tianjin. The result indicates that the seismic subsidence is 46.1 cm with two-side drainage while 25.7 cm with one-side drainage. Based on field data of the area, the seismic subsidence of silty loam area is 30 cm-40 cm with 15 cm-20 cm in silty clay region, and the largest subsidence is 60 cm. Therefore, the modeling result is consistent with field data.
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  Boundary Optimization of Large and Complex Open-pit Mine

  WANG Liguan;;PENG Ping'an;PEI Anlei

  . 2013, 31(17): 20-24. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.002

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  In view of the problems existed in delineating the open-pit boundary by traditional manual work such as low accuracy and heavy workload, a new method is presented on the basis of Economic Block Value Model (EBVM) with applying Lerchs-Grossmann algorithm to solve boundary optimization problems in large and complex open-pit mine, in order to improve the design efficiency and economic benefits. Not only a means of structuring EBVM is elaborated, but also a mathematical model of linear programming is constructed to solving optimization problems. Moreover, steps of Lerchs-Grossmann algorithm are described from the point of view of the set theory. The method has been realized in DIMINE software, and applied to the actual boundary optimization and design of open-pit mines. Results show that the method is able to overcome the shortcomings of traditional manual methods and solve the optimal exploitation scenarios quickly and accurately under different parameters. It provides basis and assurance for mining company with the optimal use of resources.
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  A New Algorithm for MEMS Microstructure Amplitude Measurements Based on Singular Value Decomposition

  HU Zhangfang;JI Chao;LUO Yuan

  . 2013, 31(17): 25-28. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.003

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  In order to obtain the high resolution measurement dynamic parameters for Micro Electro Mechanical System (MEMS) microstructure, the microstructure of moving image sequence is acquired by using stroboscopic imaging technology. One kind method based on the phase correlation technique and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) technique combining with sub-pixel measurement is proposed. By means of phase correlation, the method is able to transform the spatial coordinate of the images into the parameter space in frequency domain coordinates. And then through the SVD technique, a correlation matrix is gained. Finally using the least-squares fitting, the results of sub-pixel level displacement measurement are got. The experimental results indicate that with the method, the amplitude measurement of MEMS microstructure plane motion is able to reach at the precision of sub-pixel, and could effectively reduce uneven illumination effect on the measuring result, thereby increasing the stability of measurement results and reducing the measuring error.
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  Predictive Model of Wood Dyeing Pigment Formula

  GUAN Xuemei;GUO Minghui;CAO Jun

  . 2013, 31(17): 29-32. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.004

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  Wood color is an important factor determining consumer first impression. In order to improve the decorative role and value of wood products, wood and wood materials need to be coloring. Applying computer color matching method to wood dyeing for speeding up the generation of dyeing formula would greatly improve work efficiency and save costs. A kind of prediction model for wood dyeing pigment formula is built by using Dynamic Fuzzy Neural Network (DFNN). The word "dynamic" refers to the fact that the network structure of fuzzy neural network does not preset, it changes dynamically; that is to say, there is no predeterminate fuzzy rule before learning, its fuzzy rules gradually increase and form during the learning process. The output is concentration values of reactive brilliant red X-3B, reactive yellow X-R, and reactive blue X-R, input is color difference, namely, Δ<i>L</i>, Δ<i>a</i>, and Δ<i>b</i>. The relative error of the prediction model is 0.52% and its training time is 128s. The results are comparatively satisfactory. The method provides a new way for wood dyeing and color matching and a new idea for the applications of its theories in color matching system; therefore it has certain value for theoretical research and practical applications.
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  Numerical Analysis on the Band Structure of Strained Quantum Wells

  HUA Lingling;YANG Yang

  . 2013, 31(17): 33-36. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.005

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  Taking strained quantum wells of InGaAs/GaAs as an example, the strain effect in the quantum well structure is discussed. Based on the k·p perturbation theory, the 6×6 Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian which include the heavy hole band, light hole band, the split-orbit splitting band mixing effect and strain effect is given. The 6×6 Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian is exactly calculated by using Matlab, with the numerical simulation, the conduction band structure, the valence band structure, and the envelope function at the center on Brillouin zone are obtained. The results indicate that introducing the strain makes the crystal distort, the symmetry of the crystal structure change, and furthermore the band structure of the material change, providing an effective band cutting tool. The research work is characterized as follows: a complete system model which considers all the effects, involving the band-gap, the band offset, and the band structure, is establish. The model is also suitable to calculation the band structures of other Ⅲ-Ⅴfamily semiconductor quantum wells.
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  Application of HYDRUS-1D in the Process-based Evaluation of Groundwater Pollution

  ZHANG Bo;SUN Fasheng;WANG Fan;TU Jianghan;ZHOU Ziqing;DONG Jingjing

  . 2013, 31(17): 37-40. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.006

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  Vadose zone is the important media that contaminant enters into the groundwater, and it plays a crucial role in the strength of pollution sources. HYDRUS-1D model is used to simulate the transportation processes of contaminant in the vadose zone before entering into the groundwater, a process-based evaluation system for groundwater pollution is built. By taking a tail pond as an example, a coupling study on the transportation simulation and pollution evaluation of the contaminant in the soil-groundwater system is conducted. The result shows that the impact assessment based on the process is able to reflect the temporal and spatial variation of the groundwater pollution sources more accurately than traditional groundwater quality impact assessment does. The theory perfects the theory of prediction and evaluation of groundwater pollution, provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the prevention of groundwater pollution.
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  A Data Stream Scheduling Strategy Based on Topology Features

  LI Jiaxin

  . 2013, 31(17): 41-45. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.007

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  Stream processors are suitable for data parallel applications; the processor is supported by many simple processing units and high bandwidth routing among the units. By means of high density computing, the transfer latency is concealed, therefore the high speed data transfer and processing are able to be supported, making the performance of stream processors raise several or even hundreds of times comparing with general processors. Data stream scheduling is a relatively important problem in the research of stream processor. Methods that utilize the features of architecture topology to compute the weights on every edge are proposed. These methods are called as Stream Scheduling based on Topology Features (SSTF). SSTF mainly includes divide strategy and select strategy. Divide strategy is suitable for the architecture with light load. However, if there is heavy load, select strategy is used to assist divide strategy with the completion of data stream scheduling. A performance model of SSTF is built, which gives a consideration to the transfer time between nodes in one topology; and the way for selecting scheduling methods is suggested.
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  Penetration Effect of Reactive Fragment on Medium Thickness Aluminum Alloy Target Aimed at

  LU Zhonghua;SUN Wenxu;LUO Zhiheng;HUANG Hengjian;JIANG Daojian;YANG Shiqing

  . 2013, 31(17): 46-50. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.008

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  The penetration effect of reactive fragment on medium thickness aluminum alloy target aimed at was studied. An experimental equipment was designed in order to study the penetration of single reactive fragment with different impacting speeds, and the pressure propagation process of reactive fragment penetrating aluminum target was simulated using the finite element analysis software of AUTODYN-2D. The results show that Al/PTFE reactive fragment possess the double damage effect from both kinetic energy and chemical energy under the condition of high speed impact. With the impact speed of 1,346 m/s~1,645 m/s, the fragment could occur and ignition energy release, forming the hole of 3.41 mm~6.51 mm on the thick aluminum alloy target of 20mm. Based on the experiment, the numerical simulation results fit quite well with the experiment results.
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  Elemental Geochemical Characteristics and Cause of Formation Analysis of the Rock Salt in Majiagou Formation, East Part of Ordos Basin

  WANG Weili;SUN Ying

  . 2013, 31(17): 51-57. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.009

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  In order to define the geochemical characteristics and cause of formation for the rock salt in the Majiagou Formation, east part of Ordos Basin, C, O, and Sr isotopes and trace elements of carbonate rocks are analyzed and studied. The results show that δ13C concentration is between -3.46‰ and 1.08‰, isotope ratios of Sr are significantly low, the ratio between Sr and Ba is generally bigger than one, LREE is enriched more than HREE, Ce has a weak positive anomaly, Eu has an obvious negative anomaly, and the ratio between V and (V+Ni) is between 0.7 and 0.8. Experimental results indicate that since the climate is dry and hot, the water is deep, and the depositional environment is reductive and marine, the depositional process of rock salt is affected by mantle derived materials.
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  Identification Method for Various Fluids Based on AVO Responses

  SHE Gang;WANG Guangfu;ZHU Zhixin

  . 2013, 31(17): 58-62. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.010

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  At the present time, AVO responses classification is the basic and most efficient method to predict reservoir. However, there are still many problems in its applications. The number of successful cases is almost equal to number of unsuccessful cases. The main reason is that there are many factors which affect AVO responses, such as lithology, physical property, fluid property, lithogenesis, and burial depth, etc. Considering these factors, it is necessary to analyze specific AVO response for a particular area on the basis of classical AVO classification. Based on the physical property parameters surveyed in the actual drilled wells of western Africa offshore, several possible petrophysical models are designed, and some forward AVO modeling on different fluid substitutions at different depth interval is performed. It is summarized that the characteristics of AVO response changes at different depths on different fluid substitutions. The applications of AVO classification in this area are also improved and some empirically depth ranges in which the AVO classification could be effectively applied to is provided.
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  Provenance Analysis on the Putaohua reservoir in Da'an Regions along the River, Songliao Basin

  MA Shizhong;YU Yingxiao;LI Wenlong;CONG Yan;PAN Zhichao;WANG Xinnan

  . 2013, 31(17): 63-65. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.011

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  Provenance direction research is an important part of the sedimentary facies research. The provenance direction is able to represent the direction of ancient water flow in the geological historical period. Furthermore, it is able to control the distribution range and the extensive trend of the sand body as well. Consequently, the analysis and research on the provenance direction plays an important role in the comprehensive analysis involving the sedimentary facies distribution, reservoir evaluation, as well as oil and gas accumulations. Combining the analysis on basin regional geological background, heavy mineral assemblages, the thickness of sandstone, and the distribution characteristics of sedimentary sand body with each other, the provenance analysis on Putaohua reservoir is comprehensively conducted in Daan regions along the river, Songliao Basin. The results show that the west part of Putaohua reservoir in Daan regions along the rivers greatly controlled by northwest provenance (north-west branch and north-west-west branch); in the meantime, Nanshanwan region is mainly affected by the northeast branch of northern provenance.
Reviews
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  Review on the Modification of TiO₂ Photocatalyst

  ZHANG Fengjun;LIU Zhuojing;LIU Zhaoying;JIA Chunyu;ZHAO Xu;LÜCong

  . 2013, 31(17): 66-71. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.012

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  TiO₂ photocatalyst has some disadvantages, such as wider band gap, high electron-hole recombination rate, etc. Therefore, a lot of research work focused on the modification of TiO₂ photocatalyst has been carried out at home and aboard. Some modification methods of TiO₂ photocatalyst, e.g. noble metal deposition, element doping (metal ion doping, non-metal doping, and co-doping), compound semiconductor, photosensitization, and surface acidification, as well as their mechanisms are summarized. Among them, the response wavelength of TiO₂ shows a red-shift after non-metal doping or co-doping, at the meanwhile, UV response of TiO₂ is preserved, therefore, the superimposition of good process effect is realized. The future direction of photocatalytic study is looked into, giving consideration to the production cast, keeping the stability of TiO₂ in complex environment, and increasing recovery rate of TiO₂.
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  High Pressure Air Injection Technique for Light Oil Reservoir: Its Development History and Application Prospect

  PU Wanfen;YUAN Chengdong;JIN Fayang;JIA Hu;ZHAO Ruokun

  . 2013, 31(17): 72-79. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2013.17.013

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  In recent years, high pressure air injection(HPAI) has been proven as an effective method for enhanced oil recovery from light oil reservoirs. This technique has received considerable attention as a relatively new technique for IOR, and has led to increasing interests from companies for exploring the feasibility of the HPAI project in their reservoir holdings. The development history of HPAI for light oil reservoirs is introduced in terms of the laboratory research and field implementation based on published literatures. The mechanism of HPAI is also presented. In the meantime, the project phases, including candidate reservoirs screening and evaluating, project design, and project implementation, as well as the road-map and key factors for each phase are discussed in detail. An analysis on the characteristics and advantages of HPAI process are also conducted. Along with the current status of existing techniques for EOR, an insight into the large economic potential and the enormous application prospect for HPAI to depleted, water flooded light oil reservoirs, low and ultra-low permeability reservoirs, and high pressure high temperature reservoirs are also provided.