18 November 2012, Volume 30 Issue 33

    

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  Optimization of Passenger Sitting Posture Based on RSM

  WANG Ya;TAO Haiyan;YUAN Xiayi

  . 2012, 30(33): 18-21. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.33.002

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  For the modern industrial technology, people are trying to find a optimal design to reduce cost and time. Ergonomics is an essential issue to consider in design. To make sure the comfort of passenger car is preferable, it must design optimal passenger sitting posture in the concept design period. This essay provided a method about optimal design in layout passenger sitting posture. It builds a virtual prototype which includes manikin and auto body in RAMSIS to simulate actual passenger sitting posture, and then it analyzes the comfort. Based on these analyses, it chooses back angle of passenger and seat height as variable and the overall discomfort as target value. The experiment was been designed according the method of full factorial design. So the experiment includes 36 trials with two factors and six levels of each factor. And then the object function is estimated by using response surface methodology (RSM). The significance analysis also was been studied. The analysis showed that the model is significant in the significance level of 1%. The optimal passenger sitting posture was got from the object function in Matlab. The discomfort of passenger has decreased 13.3%. The passenger comfort has been improved remarkably.
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  Vector Control System of Beam Pumping Unit with Load-adaptive Function

  XU Xiangqian;LI Mao;JIAO Shengjie

  . 2012, 30(33): 22-26. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.33.003

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  In order to reduce the energy consumption and the production cost of the pumping unit, and improve the system efficiency, the vector control technology and the fuzzy PID are applied to the oil pumping machine, for matching the asynchronous motor's operating characteristics with the pumping unit load's characteristics. With the vector control method, the control system of the asynchronous motor can be decoupled into torque and magnetic flux subsystems, to realize the decoupling control. The input of the control system is determined by the crank torque calculation of the pumping unit and an equivalent mechanical model. According to the feedback of the load sensor, the control system can control the torque current of the asynchronous motor. In the operating process of the oil pump, the control system is working in the real-time load adaptive control mode, so that the motor power factor is improved and the reactive power is reduced. The system was tested in the Changqing oil field, and the experimental results show that the control system can automatically adjust the real-time dynamic torque motor current, to match the output torque of the motor with the load characteristics of the pumping unit, improve the efficiency of the system beam pumping unit and achieve the energy conservation.
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  Effect of Incidence of Impeller on Impeller Efficiency

  XING Shikai;MA Chaochen;LU Wei;CHEN Shan

  . 2012, 30(33): 27-30. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.33.004

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  Variable Nozzle Turbine (VNT) could change the flow area by adjusting the angle of nozzle blade and the mass flow rate and efficiency characteristic to match turbine and engine well in a extensive operating range. By the use of 3D numeric simulation technique, the numerical calculation and flow field analysis on incidence of impeller of JK90S variable nozzle turbine were carried out. As for impeller incidence, the incidence corresponding to best efficiency is different under different throttling and engine speed. At 100% throttling of engine, the incidence of best efficiency is about -45°; at 50% throttling of engine, the incidence is about -35°. The efficiency of impeller decreases rapidly when the incidence is less than optimum; when incidence is larger than best efficiency incidence, it could maintain high impeller efficiency during an extensive range. With the engine speed increases, the incidence range that corresponding to high efficiency of impeller eventually reduces.
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  Design of the Online Tritium Production Irradiation Loop CITP-II

  ZHANG Zhihua;MI Xiangmiao;LI Rundong;DENG Yongjun;LIU Hangang;LIU Zhiyong;DUAN Shilin

  . 2012, 30(33): 31-34. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.33.005

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  The online tritium production irradiation loop in the thermal neutron reactor is designed in order to satisfy the demands of the fusion energy research. A tritium production and release loop can be used to evaluate the breeding material irradiation and to study the tritium carrier and the cycle parameters. This paper presents a review of the main process systems and the core components of CITP-Ⅱ. The irradiation capsule is for the safety irradiation of the breeding material in the pile; the carrier gas system is for the online reload and release of the tritium; the gap gas and purification system is to control the breeding material temperature and the tritium release temperature window; the theoretical calculations and the determined loop operation parameters can provide some guidance for the CITP-Ⅱ operation and the tritium production and release research.
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  Effect of Vanadia Loadings and Calcination Temperature on Physical and Chemical Characteristics of V₂O₅/TiO₂ Catalyst

  ZHANG Xin;WU Junsheng;WEI Dan;XIAO Kui;ZHOU Jianlong;LI Xiaogang

  . 2012, 30(33): 35-40. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.33.006

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  The catalytic activity of titania-supported vanadia catalysts was influenced by the state of the active components which were affected by the content of the active components and different calcination temperature. The catalysts were synthesized by sol-gel method and characterized by X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), BET, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Raman Spectra and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). XRD and TEM indicated that quantitative doped active components enhanced thermal stability of the prepared samples and vanadia was well dispersed in the catalyst. BET, XPS and Raman spectroscopy revealed the structure of the catalyst and the state of active components was strongly dependent on vanadia loadings and calcination temperature. These findings were suggested that both vanadia loadings and calcination temperature affect physic and chemical characteristics, resulting in thermal stability and phase composition of the catalyst, higher dispersions and state of active components, ultimately show the catalytic activity of selective reduction reaction for removal of nitrogen oxide by ammonia.
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  Seesaw Movements in Geological Process and Its Effect on Hydrocarbon Accumulation

  MENG Qingyang;PANG Xiongqi;MA Xingzhi

  . 2012, 30(33): 41-44. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.33.007

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  Seesaw movement is the alternatively differential elevation and subsidence movement that happened under different stress field in the same place during geologic history. The seesaw movement controls the multiple hydrocarbon expulsion of source rocks, the development and reconstruction of reservoir quality, the migration and preservation of hydrocarbon. The kinematic equilibrium belt is the relatively stable areas and also favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation during seesaw movements. In order to identify quantatively the boundary of kinematic equilibrium belt, in this paper, Tarim Basin is taken as an example to identify kinematic equilibrium belt using average erosion thickness. After statistic analyzing the relation between average erosion thickness and daily production of exploration wells of main target layers, it is found that the average erosion thickness between 50m and 200m is the most favorable range for hydrocarbon accumulation. When the average erosion thickness is too large or too small, it is not favorable for hydrocarbon accumulation. On the basis of recovering the average erosion thickness, the kinematic equilibrium belt of Tarim basin is identified in different hydrocarbon accumulation periods. Most of the hydrocarbon occurrence is closely related to kinematic equilibrium belt.
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  Feasibility Study of Upward Mining of Close Distance and Inclined Coal Seam Group in Daanshan Mining Area

  LIANG Bing;SHAN Longhui;LI Gang;JIN Jiaxu

  . 2012, 30(33): 45-49. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.33.008

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  This paper deals with the practical problems of Daanshan mine coal seam group, including the upward mining tunnel surrounding rock control, the mining lag, the link difficulties and how to increase a single face recovery rate. The theoretical analysis and the numerical simulation are used to study the roof movement of the upward mining and the mining pressure variation in inclined seams. In order to determine the mining sequence of Dananshan mine, the Dananshan mine coal seam group is analyzed according to geological conditions. Numerical analysis shows that the spacing between seams is adequate for the upward mining, which can be applied to seams 3, 4, 5 and 6, and then to seam 2.
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  The Rate Model of Alzheimer's Disease with Abnormal Savda Syndrome and the Effectness of the Related Medical Formulas

  WUSHOUER Palidan;UPUR Halmurat;AIZEZI Renaguli;AIMAITI Nuermaimaiti

  . 2012, 30(33): 50-55. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.33.009

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  This paper establishes a rat model of the Alzheimer's disease with abnormal savda syndrome and evaluates the effectiveness of abnormal savda munziq on the disease. A rat model of the abnormal savda syndrome is first established by using the classical method, then β-Amyloid 1-40 is injected into hippocampus to establish the rat model of the Alzheimer's disease with abnormal savda syndrome. A model group is given the abnormal savda munziq, the biological characterizations and the behavioral changes are observed with the Morris water maze test and the step down test, and the learning and memorizing abilities of different model groups are compared. It is found that compared with the normal group, the daily food and water intakes are increased in the abnormal savda syndrome group and the group of the Alzheimer's disease with abnormal savda syndrome(P<0.01), the body weight is decreased in these two groups(P<0.01); the learning and memorizing abilities are weakened in the AD group, the abnormal savda syndrome group and the group of the Alzheimer's disease with abnormal savda syndrome(P<0.05);the biological characterizations, and the learning and memorizing abilities are improved in the group of the Alzheimer's disease with abnormal savda syndrome plus the abnormal savda munziq(P<0.05). Therefore, it is established that the abnormal savda munziq can improve the biological characterization and the learning and memorizing abilities of rats of the Alzheimer's disease with abnormal savda syndrome.
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  Effects of Three Kinds of Insecticides on Activities of Phenylanlanine Ammonialyase in Wheat Seedlings under the Nutritional Stress

  LU Chao;SHI Xueyan;GAO Xiwu

  . 2012, 30(33): 56-61. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.33.010

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  The pesticide stress and the nutritional stress are two common adverse environmental stresses in the agricultural practice. As one kind of external stress factors, the pesticide application would affect the physiological and biochemical process of plants, such as the photosynthesis, the nutrient substance and the secondary metabolism. The nutrient substance would also affect the physiological and the biochemical processes of plants. In order to fight against the adversity, the plants would make a manifold recovery. The defense related enzymes of the plants play an important role in the fight against the adversity. The paper focuses on the effects of imidacloprid, methomyl and omethoate on the Phenylanlanine Ammonialyase(PAL) in wheat seedlings under the nutrition stress. The activities of PAL in wheat seedlings were examined after treatment by three kinds of insecticides for 5 days. It is shown that the activity of PAL in wheat seedlings cultured in the nutrient solution experiences a significant descending-raising process after being treated by 35mg/L imidacloprid. The activity of PAL in wheat seedlings cultured in water does not experience a significant raising process. The studies involving methomyl reveal similar results as with imidacloprid. After being treated by omethoate, the activities of PAL in wheat seedlings with the two treatments saw a significant difference. After being treated by omethoate for 6h, the activity of PAL in wheat seedlings cultured in nutritious substances significantly increased by 107.8%, after being treated for 24h, the activity of PAL saw a significantly decrease . Therefore, the activities of PAL in wheat seedlings might be affected by the presence of nutritious substances. The activities of PAL in wheat seedlings were influenced by the types of insecticides, as well as the concentration of insecticides and the treatment duration. Compared with wheat seedlings cultured in water, the activity of PAL of wheat seedlings cultured in a nutrient solution saw a more significant defense response.
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  Application Prospect of Life Cycle Assessment in E-waste Management

  HONG Mei;SONG Boyu;;DING Qiong;HE Liansheng;LIN Hongyi

  . 2012, 30(33): 62-67. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.33.011

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  The e-waste, characterized by its large quantity, the great hazard and a high potential value, is also called the "urban mine" due to various recyclable resources in it. However, the e-waste is related to a severe environment pollution and will become a threat to human health and ecological safety, if not properly managed. The life cycle assessment is a type of technology that evaluates the potential environment effects of products and services. This technology will help to identify the potential environment hazard in the management process of abandoned electrical products, to guide the design and the flow of electrical products, to establish the conception of abandoned products, and to support the management on the decision-making, by generating a series of systematic conclusions, including parameters in the consuming, emission and pollution processes after the electrical products are abandoned. This paper discusses the application prospect and existing difficulties of the lifecycle assessment in the e-waste management.
Reviews
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  Progress in Cook-off Test

  FENG Changgen;ZHANG Rui;DU Zhenhua

  . 2012, 30(33): 68-73. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.33.012

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  For the safety evaluation of insensitive munitions in its development stage, the synthesis and comparative analyses are made in this paper on the cook-off tests both at home and abroad. It is shown that the cook-off tests have been developed in 3 aspects, that is, the test technology, the numerical simulation and the application technology. The technology of cook-off tests is developing in the direction of more quatitative, safer and better visual evaluations.
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  Review of Supercritical Fluid Heat Transfer Characteristic

  WANG Yingjie

  . 2012, 30(33): 74-79. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.33.013

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  The fluid state in supercritical conditions is between liquid and gas. Its diffusivity is close to gas while the density level is equal to liquid. Such special characteristics lead to a different pattern in heat transfer under supercritical pressure conditions compared to subcritical pressure situations. According to the heat transfer properties of water, carbon dioxide as well as carbon and hydrogen fuels under supercritical conditions, this paper gives an analysis on supercritical fluid heat transfer characteristics, and summaries the influences of the physical factors (buoyancy, heat flow density, mass flow, pressure and inlet temperature) on fluid heat transfer properties, in which the buoyancy, heat flow density and mass flow are dominant factors. This paper also makes a comprehensive analysis of supercritical fluid heat transfer patterns inside the tube. The enhancement and deterioration of heat transfer is closely concerned with the changes of supercritical fluid physical properties.