08 June 2012, Volume 30 Issue 16

    

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  Protein Crystallization Experiments Aboard Shenzhou-8 Spaceship

  CANG Huaixing;ZHANG Heqiao;HAN Yi;LI Na;SHANG Guijun;NIE Rongxin;MA Jianhua

  . 2012, 30(16): 20-25. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.16.001

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  The crystallization experiments of 14 proteins were carried out, the experiment was lasted 16.5 days by using German Biobox facility and self-developed growth chambers aboard Shenzhou-8 spaceship. The counterpart experiment was performed on the ground laboratory according to the same timing sequence. The results show that 12 of 14 proteins precipitate crystals in space experiment, 11 of 14 proteins precipitate crystals on ground experiment. Eight space-grown crystals of four proteins are applied to synchrotron radiation, and eight set diffraction data are obtained. In the meantime, five earth-grown crystals of three proteins are applied to synchrotron radiation, and five set diffraction data are obtained, among them, one set is incomplete. The highest preliminary diffraction resolutions of space- and earth-grown lysozyme crystals are 1.16Å and 1.23Å, respectively. However, is the highest resolutions are 1.75Å and 1.49Å, respectively for the crystals of diadenosine tetraphosphate from dysentery bacillus; nevertheless one space-grown crystal has different crystallographic symmetry from other crystals. The highest diffraction resolution for the space-grown crystal of the chlamydial protease-like activating factor diffracted is 2.31Å, the ground one fails to diffraction. The highest diffraction resolution for the space-grown crystal of 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 7 complex from Canada is 2.30Å, the ground one is not good enough for collecting a complete diffraction data set. The growth chambers used in space experiment adopt a new structure for the first time in the world of which the protein solution container is made of glass capillary and immersed in the precipitation solution. The new growth chamber is portable, works without power supply, and is able to eliminate Marangoni convection in the vapor diffusion chamber.
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  Relationship Among PIK3CA Mutation, PTEN Expressions, and Efficacy of Cetuximab in Colorectal Cancer

  LIU Hongbin;LI Hongtao;ZHAO Qingchuan;HAN Xiaopeng;ZHU Wankun;SU Lin

  . 2012, 30(16): 26-30. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.16.002

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  Colorectal cancer patients with wild-type KRAS were collected and treated with cetuximab and the efficacy was assessed. Paraffin-embedded tumor specimes and clinicopathological parameters were collected and mutations of BRAF and PIK3CA were checked. The PTEN expression status was detected through immunohistochemistry. The study indicates that the objective response rate of patients with wild-type BRAF and PIK3CA is 62.5% (CR+PR). In contrast, the objective response rate of patients with mutation-type BRAF and PIK3CA are 0% and 28.6%, respectively. Therefore, the fact that BRAF and PIK3CA mutations could affect the effective of cetuximab is deducted. And PTEN expression is mainly located in cell nucleus and PTEN expression is associated with the response to cetuximab significantly. The objective response rate of patients with PTEN expression or null are 42.9% and 36.4% (P<0.05), respectively. In conclusion, BRAF, PIK3CA mutations and PTEN expression null both have been associated with resistance to cetuximab. BRAF, PIK3CA, and PTEN could serve as the predictive bio-markers for the response to cetuximab.
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  The Syndrome Characteristics Criteria of Matured and Removed Abnormal Hilit of Abnormal Savda Type Asthma in Uyghur Medicine Based on Delphi Method

  UPUR Hamulati;ABODULAIHAITI Wuerguli;MAITISIDIKE Ayinuer

  . 2012, 30(16): 31-35. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.16.003

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  The two-stage expert consulting research is carried out to set up the diagnostic criteria for the abnormal hilit matured and removed from the body on the abnormal savda type asthma in traditional Uighur medicine based on the Delphi method. In the first stage, an enquiry form is formulated to include key syndrome characteristics identified from the past research results of our research group, and is sent to 30 experts in this field from all around the Xinjiang province. One round Delphi technique is conducted in this stage. Then, 11 kinds of syndrome characteristics, such as the gradual improvement of the mental color, the clear urine in large amount, thick and (or) wavy pulse, are selected as the diagnostic criteria for the abnormal hilit matured on the abnormal savda type asthma and 10 kinds of syndrome characteristics, such as the significant improvement of the sleep quality, the tongue moisture and restore the state of original temperament, a little black and rust-colored stool first, then pale yellow or kaki,are selected as the diagnostic criteria for the abnormal hilit removed from the body on the abnormal savda type asthma in accordance with a high expert consensus of frequency greater than 70% (21 out of 30 experts). In the second stage, a new enquiry form is formulated based on the screened results of the first stage, and the weight coefficients of the selected syndrome characteristics are studied, and the two-round Delphi technique is used in this stage. 30 copies of valid questionnaires were responded each round. The expert authority coefficient is 0.87 on average, which would be considered as a high authority degree. By analyzing the weight coefficients of each selected syndrome characteristics, 6 kinds of syndrome characteristics are considered as the chief symptoms and other 5 kinds of syndrome characteristics are considered as the subsequent symptoms for diagnosing the abnormal savda type asthma abnormal hilit ( matured or not). 5 kinds of the chief symptoms and other 5 kinds of the subsequent symptoms are selected for diagnosing the abnormal savda type asthma abnormal hilit ( removed from body or not). The experts enjoy a high concentrated and coordinate degree, the variation coefficients of each syndrome characteristics are less than 0.3. The consistency coefficients for the abnormal savda type asthma abnormal hilit matured diagnostic criteria is χ²=0.275, P=0.000 and the same with the second round; for the diagnostic criteria of the abnormal savda hilit removed from body, it is χ²=0.270, P=0.000, and the same with the second round. The establishment of the diagnostic criteria for the abnormal hilit matured and removed from the body on the abnormal savda type asthma in the traditional Uighur medicine based on the modified Delphi method is shown to provide an objective and quantitative basis for the effective, standardized diagnosis and treatment of asthma.
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  Characteristics of Thermal Flow Field and Swirling Flame Due to Buoyancy in a Quadrate shaft

  WU Hongmei;HE Hongye;HUO Yan

  . 2012, 30(16): 36-41. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.16.004

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  In order to interpret the characteristics of the thermal flow field and swirling flames in an enclosure, an experiment in a quadrate shaft having size of 2.0m×2.0m×15.0m with a single corner gap was conducted, and the temperature along the central axis of the shaft was measured. Besides, in order to verify whether or not the numerical method with Large Eddy Simulation (LES) is able to predict the thermal flow field, the predicted temperature was compared with the experimental data. Furthermore, the distributions of average pressure, temperature, and density along the lines of height and radius are obtained, when the fire swirl is steady. And the barocliny of the swirling flames due to buoyancy is analyzed. The stratification of the temperature and pressure with height are concluded. These results provide a reference for the research on the swirling flames driven by buoyancy in an enclosure.
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  Analysis on Surrounding Rock Stability of Soft Rock Roadway Supported by Steel Tube Confined Concrete Supports during Mine Dynamic Pressure

  LI Xuebin;GAO Yanfa;HUANG Wanpeng;WANG Zhengze;HE Xiaosheng;TIAN Tian;ZHANG Xizhong

  . 2012, 30(16): 42-47. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.16.005

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  The distance between -225 roadway and 18 coal working face floor in Nanshan Mine is less than 5.8m, which is affected by the dynamic pressure of 18 coal face's recovery with a significant mine strata pressure behavior. High strength steel tube confined concrete supports (STCCS) are adopted with the main steel tube of high-strength STCCS and Φ159mm × 8mm steel seamless pipe, with the internal filled core concrete of C40 strength standard, and with the ultimate bearing capacity of STCCS of 1894.3kN, according to a theoretical calculation. With the FLAC^3D numerical simulation and the in-situ monitoring, the influence of 18 coal face's recovery on the surface displacement and the stress state of -225 roadway sounding rock is analyzed. The results show that the mine strata pressure behavior is significant in the scope of 30m to the working face during the mine dynamic pressure of the 18 coal face's recovery, the maximum vertical stress is 27.4 to 42.9MPa, and the stress concentration factor is 2.27 to 3.57. The surface displacement of -225 roadway sounding rock is less than 20mm when it is supported by STCCS, which meets the stability requirements of the roadway surrounding rock.
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  Corrosion Rules and Mechanism of High Strength Steel of Q450NQR1

  YIN Yuqun;ZHAO Jinbin;CHENG Xuequn;LI Xiaogang

  . 2012, 30(16): 48-51. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.16.006

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  According to the requirement of Ministry of Railways of China, the strength of steel plate used for railway truck is improved to 450 MPa. Many Chinese steel companies developed their own Q450NQR1, which is a kind of high strength weathering steel containing Cu, Cr, Ni and other alloying elements. For most products, the mechanical properties are excellent; however their atmospheric corrosion resistance is not that good in practical applications, because specialist on corrosion has seldom participated in the developing process of Q450NQR1. The accelerated corrosion properties of high strength weathering steel Q450NQR1 are studied and compared with mild carbon steel Q345B by means of the periodical immersion cyclic corrosion test. The corrosion potential and corrosion current density are analyzed by electrochemical technology. The results show that under the testing conditions, the weight losses and average corrosion rates for steel Q450NQR1 are remarkably lower than that for steel Q345B. The corrosion product formed on steel Q450NQR1 is more stable than that on steel Q345B, and it reached at stable condition after 48 hours. The same conclusions are drawn by the electrochemical polarization test and open potential measured. The EDS and XRD results suggest that Cu and Cr are able to improve the stability of corrosion product formed on steel Q450NQR1, and with the in-creasing contents of α-FeOOH, which provides a better and stable protection from further corrosion of the substrate, the corrosion resistance of steel Q450NQR1 is improved.
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  The Response Analysis of Radial Growths of Populus euphratica Oliv. and Related Climatic-environment Factors

  YANG Yinke;WANG Wenke;YANG Zeyuan

  . 2012, 30(16): 52-58. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.16.007

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  The Populus euphratica Oliv, a type of large tall broad-leaved trees in arid and semi-arid areas, has long life and plays an important role in the study of the paleo-environment because it is sensitive to climatic and environmental changes. This paper discusses the relationship between the tree-ring growths of Populus euphratica and the climate environmental conditions. Starting with a review of its general features and the geographic distribution, the conditions of climate, water resource, groundwater and soil in the distributional regions of Populus euphratica are analyzed. Two sets of tree-ring samples of Populus euphratica are collected from the eastern region of Aibi Lake basin in Xinjiang province. By using the methods of dendrochrology, the tree-ring width chronologies of Guertu sampling sites are established, and the chronologies are 181-year long. The correlation analysis between the tree-ring width chronologies and the temperature and the precipitation of Jinghe and Caijiahu meteorological stations indicate that the tree-ring width chronologies and the precipitation are positively correlated in winter months. The comparison of two meteorological stations shows that the correlation coefficient of the Jinghe station is higher than that of the Caijiahu station and the largest is 0.408. A qualitative analysis shows that the tree-ring width chronologies of Guertu and the level changes of Aibi Lake have a good consistency at the same time. These findings are consistent with the conclusions of other scholars in this area. The results show that tree ring width variation is sensitive to the groundwater level.
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  Experimental Study of the Shapes of Fractal Number Sets with Composite Function Iteration

  YANG Guanping

  . 2012, 30(16): 59-65. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.16.008

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  Some fractal number sets take some animal shape and 3D self-similar structures, as the result of the single function operation. This paper makes tests of a composite function iteration to determine a number set. These double-function number sets take shapes of neither a union or an intersection of two single-function sets, nor a form of geometry synthesis, but resemble a hybridization of number sets as in biological phenomena. The double-function number sets keep some characteristics of related single-function number sets, but with differences and take their own unique shapes. It is revealed that not only the functions but also the composite order of two iteration functions determine the shape of double-function number sets, which bring about the appearance of binate fractal number sets. And the iteration functions satisfy matching conditions for advanced double-function number sets. The symmetric double-function number set requires symmetric single-function number sets and the self-similar double-function number set requires self-similar single-function number sets. This paper presents 5 iteration functions and 31 pictures which show 3D images of 11 number sets and their self-similar sub-sets. Comparing the double-function number sets with the phenomena of animal hybridization, it is discovered that they are similar. It may be inferred that in the combination of animal genes, we have the order principle and the information of biological genes may be recorded not only in genes but also in orders of genes.
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  An Optimized Fourth-order Staggered Tridiagonal Compact Scheme and Its Applications

  LIU Xiao;LI Yifan;LI Wenqiang;WANG Zhenhua

  . 2012, 30(16): 66-70. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.16.009

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  Based on the idea that the modified wavenumbers should be as close to the exact wavenumbers as possible, an optimal tridiagonal fourth-order compact difference scheme and an interpolation scheme on the staggered grid system are proposed in this paper. Although its accuracy is of the 4th order, the optimal scheme enjoys a high resolution and at the same time preserves the characteristics of the group velocity. The numerical calculations show that the maximum resolvable wavenumbers obtained with the optimal compact difference (interpolation) scheme is 0.86π (0.63π). The group velocity can be preserved for the wavenumber less than 0.75π. All these values are better than those obtained from the standard compact schemes of fourth or sixth order. Finally, the optimal scheme, the standard fourth order compact scheme and the sixth order compact schemes are employed to calculate the first derivation and the propagations of small scale waves. The results show that the optimal scheme is superior to other two schemes with respect to the reduction of errors and the preservation of the group velocity.
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  The Compatibility and Incompatibility Conditions of Eighteen Incompatible Medicaments Based on Clinical Applications

  ZHONG Gansheng;SUN Hongmei;ZHOU Xueping;WANG Xu;HONG Ying;FEI Yutong;OU Lina;WANG Xi

  . 2012, 30(16): 71-75. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.16.010

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  The examples of compatibility use of incompatible medicaments are abound. Does the practice of complying with eighteen incompatible medicaments affect the curative effect? Whether will the incompatible medicaments necessarily cause toxic reactions even death? They are issues open to discussion. The compatibility of incompatible medicaments is usually considered in specified pathological conditions clinically. This paper suggests that we can study the classical Prescriptions that include incompatible medicaments, to sum up various kinds of compatibility conditions in the specified pathological conditions based on the clinical applications. These studies are of theoretical and practical significance to guide reasonable applications of incompatible medicaments and to perfect the compatible theory of TCM.
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  Current Progress in Boussingaultia gracilis Research

  WU Ping;YAN Jianye;HUANG Dan;LI Shunxiang

  . 2012, 30(16): 76-79. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.16.011

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  As a green health care vegetable, Boussingaultia gracilis is planted in the southern region of China. The nutritional components, pharmacological effects, safety research, cultivation technique, and dietotherapy method of Boussingaultia gracilis are introduced. The related research indicates that Boussingaultia gracilis has the higher food and medical value. And how to reasonable exploitation and clarify its efficacy becomes an important research task.