18 May 2012, Volume 30 Issue 14

    

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Articles
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  Research on 3D Visualization and Network Solution Optimization of Mine Ventilation System

  WANG Liguan;WANG Zhe;HUANG Junxin;WU Lichun

  . 2012, 30(14): 20-24. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.14.001

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  At present there are a lot of shortages in the function of ventilation software. The depth of mining is getting increased and ventilation network is more and more complicated. Therefore a new 3D visualization system of mine ventilation network was studied to solve above problems. Based on the method of circuit air-quantity and node ventilation pressure, a new improved ventilation network solution algorithm was put forward to calculate complex ventilation network. Based on a novel algorithm of double-line laneway automatic generation for mine ventilation system, closed contour was generated layer by layer, then the contours were triangulated and all the triangulated mesh was combined to generate 3D connected entitative laneway. System developing was made adopting the method of 'hierarchical platform+plug-in'. The system realized 3D visualization simulation of ventilation system, network solution optimization, ventilation management informatization. Its combination with mine digital software can effectively integrated monitoring detection system, realizing data management integration and safety management.
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  Experimental Study of the NMR Characteristics of Shale Reservoir Rock

  SUN Junchang;CHEN Jingping;YANG Zhengming;LIU Xuewei;LIU Yuanjun

  . 2012, 30(14): 25-30. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.14.002

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  It is very important to systematically study the NMR characteristics of the shale core sample before the NMR logging technology can be used in the development of the shale gas reservoir. This paper studies the NMR characteristics, the NMR porosity, the movable fluid T_2cutoff and other NMR properties of the shale rock sample. The experimental results demonstrate that the shale T₂ spectrum can be divided into three types, the single peak T₂ spectrum, the two peak T₂ spectrum containing one isolated right peak and the two peak T₂ spectrum containing continuous left and right peaks. The T₂ relaxation of the shale is mostly less than 10ms. The fracture porosity is only about 9.16% of the total pore space. The surface area per unit volume of the shale gas reservoir ranges mainly from 3.59 to 80.51μm^-1. The shale NMR porosity is generally less than its conventional porosity. The average error is about 22.33%. The movable fluid T_2cutoff value is in the range from 3.87 to 16.68ms and its average value is 8.29ms. The free gas saturation of the shale gas reservoir obtained from the centrifugal experiment is about 9.72%.
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  Characteristics of Sedimentary Facies of Jurassic in Tabei Area

  SHI Xiaozhang;REN Laiyi;QU Fengjie;DU Yanjun;WANG Bianyang;ZHANG Ge;WU Feng

  . 2012, 30(14): 31-37. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.14.003

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  According to the comprehensive analysis on the logging data, well logging data, and well cores testing data of 120 wells and the seismic facies of 25000 kilometers long two-dimensional seismic sections of Tabei Area at the same time, the following conclusions are able to draw from. Six sedimentary facies have developed in Jurassic in Tabei Area; they are alluvial fan, braid river, braid river delta, fan delta, littoral-shallow lake, and half-deep lake. Among of them, the braid river delta and fan delta have most widely developed. The braid river deltas have mainly distributed in the area of Yingmaili, Donghetang, Yuenan, western of Lungu, Hadexun, and the southern area of Caohu and Juema. The fan deltas have mainly distributed in the areas of Lunnan and Caohu. The braid rivers have mainly distributed in the areas of Mana 1-Mana 3-Yingmai 3-Yuenan 1-Hade well blocks, Yingmai 6 well block, and southeast of Tabei Area. Littoral-shallow lake and half-deep lake have mainly distributed in Qunkeer Area. The alluvial fan has mainly distributed in the west part of Mana 3 well block and mountain front zones of Kuqa depression. According to the analysis, the aquatic bifurcating channels and subquatic distributary channels of the braid river delta, the bifurcating channels of the fan delta plain, braid river channel sandbody, and the turbinate sandbody located in eastern part of the Tabei Area are the prospective objects for finding lithologic trap.
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  The Expressions and the Clinical Significance of CEA, CA199, IL-6 and MCP-1 in the Serum of Patients with Pancreatic Cancer

  LU Canrong;ZHANG Shiwu;ZHANG Yong;WEI Bo

  . 2012, 30(14): 38-41. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.14.004

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  This paper studies the CEA, CA199, IL-6 and MCP-1 expressions and their clinical significance in the serum of patients with pancreatic cancer. The concentrations of IL-6, MCP-1, CEA and CA199 were detected in 118 pancreatic cancer patients, 107 chronic pancreatitis patients and 113 healthy people. In addition, their individual and joint diagnostic values for pancreatic cancer were also evaluated. Compared with the normal control group, the CA199 and MCP-1 of the chronic pancreatitis group show significant difference. The CEA, CA199, IL-6 and MCP-1 of the pancreatic cancer group show significant increase. Compared with the chronic pancreatitis group, the CA199 and IL-6 of the pancreatic cancer group show significant increase. When the four indicators were used separately to differentiate the chronic pancreatitis group and pancreatic cancer group, the best diagnostic value is shown by the CA199. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity are 72.30% and 74.90%. The IL-6 shows a sensitivity of 85.40% and a specificity of 57.50%. The joint diagnostic values of CA199 and IL-6 for differentiating chronic pancreatitis group and pancreatic cancer group are higher than any other indicator. The sensitivity and the specificity are 87.30% and 90.30%. The indicator shows a limited diagnostic value for clinical diagnosis. The joint indicators show a better diagnostic value than the individual indicator. It is a useful diagnostic method for helping the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
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  Method of Lightning Forecasting Using Atmospheric Electric Field and Radar Data

  WANG Zhenhui;XU Dongpu;ZENG Qingfeng;WANG Hao;ZHOU Shenghui;GE Fei

  . 2012, 30(14): 42-48. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.14.005

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  The amplitude and differential threshold have been used to describe the characteristics of atmospheric electric fields in thundercloud in this paper. With these two electric field threshold and combined with radar data, a method for the first Cloud-Ground (CG) lightning forecasting in a certain range of electric field station have been put forward. First, judging electric field which reflects the charge of thundercloud whether reach amplitude threshold or differential threshold, if electric field threshold is satisfied, it is considered that the total charge of cloud is large and the probability of occurring CG lightning is also large, and then the radar data whose scan is end before the electric field threshold is detected will be judged. If radar reach the set radar threshold, the warning will occurred, otherwise judging the radar data of next scan whether reach, until warning occur or electric field indexes is canceled. The electric field data of 7 stations in summer of 2009 in Nanjing surrounding observation area were analyzed and the result showed that the probability of detection was about 80% and the average warning time was about 14min. A typical thunderstorm which moved across observation area was analyzed with the local lightning forecasting method proposed and found that it had a good warning effect. With the local lightning forecasting method, the development of thunderstorm and lightning in observation region will be presented visually and the lightning potential areas can be judged intuitively. In the meanwhile, this local lightning forecasting method can not only monitor and warn a big region, but also can monitor and warn the whole thundercloud. So it has the advantage which single-station electric field have not got.
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  Evaluation System for Chinese Search Engines Based on the AHP-TOPSIS

  FANG Xi;LI Na;GE Yuefeng

  . 2012, 30(14): 49-54. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.14.006

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  As search engines are playing a more and more important role in information activites, the related evaluation methods are an urgent issue. According to the features of search engines, based on a wide review of related literature both at home and abroad, the paper proposes to use the qualitative and quantitative analysis method for filtering the established indexes, and 13 evaluation criteria are established in 3 categories which are the index database, the retrieval effects, and the user friendliness. The weights of these evaluation criteria are calculated by Analytic Hierarchy Process based on the index value of TOPSIS. A complete evalution system is built and then several Chinese search engines are selected as the objects to use the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to obtain an Ideal Solution for the final evaluation results. The paper discusses what should be done to improve the search engines in the future.
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  The Two-dimension Trajectory Measurement Method for the Underwater Warfare Weapon Based on Vector Hydrophone

  MA Jinyin;ZHANG Chen;XUE Fei;WANG Xuesong

  . 2012, 30(14): 55-58. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.14.007

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  The underwater trajectory measurement is an important part of the underwater warfare weapon test. First, the underwater trajectory is obtained by utilizing the target navigation noise measured by vector hydrophones, based on the principle of the vector hydrophone, with the digital signal processors to analyze and process the vector signal. The principle of the vector hydrophone and the pure location positioning principle of the vector buoy are discussed. Then, the pressure and the particle velocity phase difference of the vector hydrophone are corrected through the anechoic tank test in the laboratory, and the error in direction is rectified in the lake experiment. Using a combination of the DGPS surface orientation and the acoustic positioning, a measurement system is developed, and the three main components of the measurement system and their functions are presented. Finally, in the actual sea test, the two-dimension trajectory measurement method for the underwater warfare weapon based on vector hydrophone is shown to feature good real-time capability, high accuracy, easiness to use, and it can meet the practical requirements in operations.
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  Overall Operational Effectiveness Evaluation on Armored Troop

  XU Kehu;HUANG Dashan;WANG Tianzhao

  . 2012, 30(14): 59-62. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.14.008

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  A set of formulas are proposed to evaluate the armored troop operational effectiveness. The weapon equipments of armored troop to be put into use in a battlefield can be classified as the main combat equipments, the information equipments and the support equipments according to their allotment patterns under the information-based condition. The evaluation system of the weapon equipment operational effectiveness is based on the analysis of performance indexes of the weapon equipments, and the scientific and rational quantified operational effectiveness of the weapon equipment is obtained based on the evaluation system. A model of the overall operational effectiveness evaluation is established based on the weapon equipment evaluation system, which can be used to evaluate the combat capability of our troop efficiently. The example shows that the model can provide a rational strategic decision scheme for commanders.
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  Landscape Pattern of the River Wetland in Fuzhou during the Last Century

  LI Wenshi;FAN Xiaojun

  . 2012, 30(14): 63-69. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.14.009

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  The wetland is one of the most important ecosystems on earth. It plays an important role in the urban formation and its sustainable development. With the geographical expansion of cities, the wetland area is greatly reduced all over the world. The landscape pattern of the urban wetland experiences great changes at the same time. Fuzhou, the provincial capital of Fujian, the national level famous historical and cultural city, is located in southeast China, along the Minjiang estuary. The estuarine wetland around Fuzhou is seriously dwindled during the expansion of the city. A study of the spatio-temporal characteristics of its river wetland change may provide an important guideline for dealing with the conflict between the protection and the exploitation during the future urban development. Wulongjiang (Nangang), the south branch of Minjiang river, is mildly disturbed during the urbanization of Fuzhou. With three nautical charts supported by GIS technologies and Fragstats 3.3, the landscape pattern change of the river wetland of Wulongjiang in the last century is quantitatively studied in this paper. The river wetland is classified as the riverbed, the tidal flat and the island(shoal). The shorelines and 0m isobaths are taken as the demarcation lines in the classification. On the whole, the total area in the study is in a slightly declining state. The extent of the landscape heterogeneity is decreased. And various kinds of changes could be observed. For the riverbed, the internal connection is weakened; for the tidal flat, the internal connection is strengthened; and for the islands and shoals, their areas are increased and the shapes are simplified. The river wetland landscape pattern change is closely related to the human activity such as the split and merge of islands and shoals.
Reviews
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  A Review on the Release Characterization of Nitrogen Speicies During Biomass Pyrolysis

  GOU Jinsheng;CHANG Jianmin;REN Xueyong

  . 2012, 30(14): 70-74. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.14.010

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  The pyrolysis is one of the promising methods to convert biomass to bio-oils as fuels and chemicals. During the pyrolysis of biomass, some nitrogen species are released, as the precursors of NO_x with potential environment pollution. The release characterization of nitrogen species during biomass pyrolysis is reviewed in this paper. Firstly, the content and the distribution of nitrogen in various biomass materials are classified, and the research methods, the conclusions and the problems that remain to be solved concerning the chemical forms or the nitrogen functionalities in different biomass materials are discussed. And then we discuss the release characterization, as well as the factors affecting the nitrogen evolution during pyrolysis. The evolution route of nitrogen in biomass during pyrolysis is elaborated in detail, and the operating parameters such as the temperature, the heating rates and the nitrogen forms and content are shown to contribute to the nitrogen release., The nitrogen distribution in products in gas phase, liquid phase and solid phase is analyzed as well. In the end, some prospective developments are commented for the research of pyrolysis convention of biomass.
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  Methods of Material Life Cycle Assessment and Application

  WEI Xin;DONG Chaofang;XIAO Kui;LUO Hong;WEI Dan;LI Xiaogang

  . 2012, 30(14): 75-79. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2012.14.011

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  In recent 20 years, the concept of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is widely used and related studies make a big progress in many fields such as industry, agriculture and construction industry. The LCA mainly focuses on the aspect of environmental science and evaluates the impact of products on the environment and the interaction between them. This paper reviews the definition, the framework, the origin and the development and mainly the evaluation methodology of LCA. The different methods used in different fields are analyzed. In almost all methods, the environment impact is the first important issue. Some of them consider the economic factors. The Life Cycle Costing (LCC) is introduced into LCA so that the method can consider environmental and economic factors at the same time. Although the evaluation methodology of LCA plays an important role in many fields, many problems remain to be solved. It is shown that almost all methods discussed in this paper ignore the environment life of materials, which limits the application range of LCA methods in different natural environments. It is proposed in this paper to use the environment life in the place of the design life so that the LCA process can be further improved.