18 December 2011, Volume 29 Issue 35

    

Spescial Issues
Articles
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Spescial Issues
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  Multi-granularity Rasterization and Boolean Operation Parallel Algorithm for 3D Spatial Entities

  JIANG Jincheng;GUO Jiateng;WU Lixin;ZHANG Rongbing;YANG Yizhou

  . 2011, 29(35): 18-23. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.35.002

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  3D raster is an ideal model which performs really well at the aspects of detailed representation and spatial interpolation for internal attributes of spatial entities. However, due to the large scale of raster data, rasterizing efficiency and data compression still remain the bottlenecks in practical applications. The present situation of rasterization algorithms for 3D vector model was comprehensively reviewed. In order to improve the time efficiency of 3D vector-raster conversion and save storage space of raster data, a Parallel Ternary Axes Scan (P-TAS) algorithm, which could run on the new multi-core CPU and high performance computer cluster, was designed for transforming 3D vector model to raster model with Octree structure by using MPI parallel techniques. Furthermore, the Boolean operation algorithm for 3D spatial entities represented with multi-granularity raster was designed for the dynamic simulation of underground excavation process. The experiment results demonstrate that the parallel efficiency of P-TAS is about 50%—60% and the data compression ratio is about 80%. The high application values of P-TAS and Boolean algorithms proposed are proved up to the hilt.
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  Unmixing of Rock Thermal Infrared Spectrum and Conversion of Mineral Content

  LIU Shanjun;ZHUO Jianying;WU Lixin;XU Zhongyin

  . 2011, 29(35): 24-27. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.35.003

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  Distinguishing and converting mineral ingredient and content based on the spectrum unmixing of rock are an important direction of high-spectral remote sensing. The thermal infrared spectrum of a block of alkali feldspar granite is measured by using Turbo FT portable infrared spectral radiometer in outdoor site and normal temperature, and the thermal infrared spectrums (7—14μm) of four mineral ingredients of the rock, that is, potash feldspar, plagioclase, white mica, and quartz are also measured under three different conditions, i.e. grain sample of 0.71—1mm in outdoor site and normal temperature, grain sample of 0.71—1mm in indoor site and 80℃, and block sample at outdoor site and normal temperature. Then the spectrum of the rock is linearly decomposed by using the spectrums of the four minerals as the end members, and the results are compared with the results that the ASU spectrum is used as the end member. The result shows that the unmixing effect is best when the spectrums of rock and the end member mineral are measured in the same condition; and that the spectrum of block rock could be decomposed by the spectrums of block minerals, however it could not be decomposed by ASU spectrum. The experimental result is beneficial to the remote sensing geology and mineral mapping.
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  Fracture Characteristics of Archean-Strata in the Area of Western Shandong and Jiyang Depression and the Meaning for Oil-gas Reservoir Bed

  LI Shoujun;HE Miao;ZHAO Xiuli;JIN Aiwen;YUAN Liyuan;YIN Tiantao

  . 2011, 29(35): 28-32. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.35.004

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  The fracture characteristics of Archean-Strata are studied based on the outcrops, drilling, well test, and log data in the areas of Jiyang Depression and Western Shandong. Then the qualitative and quantitative analyses on the characteristics are conducted through field work in the similar outcrop area, stratigraphic division and core comparison, thin section authentication, rock mechanics test, and finite element method. Finally, the main factors that control the fracture development in the study areas, such as lithology, tectonic stress, and overlying strata, are discussed. The fracture description parameters are obtained and they play a directive role for revealing the distribution of reservoir space of Archean-Strata in Jiyang depression.
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  Support Technology for the Low Stress and Soft Strata Composite Roof with High Deformation Roadway

  QIN Guangpeng;YE Ping;WEN Zhijie;XIA Junmin

  . 2011, 29(35): 33-38. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.35.005

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  The surrounding rock stress level of low-stress composite soft strata roadway is lower for the shallow depth; however it displays soft rock characteristics for its unique lithology and structure of roof and floor. The roadway support techniques for such kind of geological conditions are researched with the background of Heigou Coal Co., Ltd. four-two coal seam. Clamping action produced by bolting support is able to not only increase the completeness of shallow rock and bearing capacity of deep rock, but also reduce the failure range of shallow rock; cable support could increase the integrity of shallow and deep rock, slowing the overall sedimentation trends of surrounding rock; metal mesh and steel belt could enhance the restraint action to surface adjoining rock, limit failure zone development towards depth and deformation of surface rock and roof strata; corner bolt induce peak stress shift to the depth, reduce the conversion level of vertical stress to horizontal stress, and control the roadway floor heave deformation. The composite applications of support methods mentioned above are able to achieve the valid effect of composite soft strata with high deformation roadway.
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  Soil Moisture Monitoring in Shendong Mining Area and Bi-parabola NDVI-T_s Space

  LIU Ying;WU Lixin;MA Baodong;LIN Yawei

  . 2011, 29(35): 39-44. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.35.006

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  Combining environment and disaster monitor with analysis by using satellite remote sensing in Shendong mining area, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and land surface temperature (T_s) derived from MODIS/AQUA data of 1km and 500m resolution were applied to analyze the NDVI-T_s space. It is discovered that NDVI-T_s space is bi-parabola, comparing with the triangle space for traditional NDVI-T_s. By checking with filed investigation on soil moisture at different depth, it is found that the 1km resolution NDVI-T_s bi-parabola space is better than the others for reflecting the soil moisture at depth 0—5cm, while 500m resolution NDVI-T_s bi-parabola space is the best among three spaces for reflecting the soil moisture at depth 10cm. Based on the TVDI obtained from the NDVI-T_s bi-parabola space, the drought situation in Shendong mining area from Oct. 8, 2010 to Oct. 23 for 16d and the day on Oct. 8, 2010 is evaluated. And the spatial features of the drought situation in Shendong mining area are revealed.
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  Soil Moisture Monitoring in Shendong Mining Area Based on MODIS Data

  MA Baodong;WU Lixin;LIU Ying;LIN Yawei

  . 2011, 29(35): 45-49. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.35.007

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  Soil moisture monitoring plays an important role in the environment management for the mining area. By taking the arid-to-semiarid Shendong mining area as an example, soil moisture was retrieved by using thermal inertia method. According to the synchronous field survey, in the densely covered area, the remotely sensed result is not significantly correlated with field data; contrarily, in the sparsely covered area, the correlation is significant and the remotely sensed result is well correlated with field data on the soil of 10-cm depth. The linear regression model was established to monitor the soil moisture in the mining area. Compared with the background, the soil of 10-cm depth has not got dry in the mining area during the last nine years. The primitive analysis indicates that making use of mine drainage and the measurement on environmental protection might be the main reason for that.
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  Key Technology of Geospatial Information Platform of Digital Mine and Application Services

  ZHANG Jin

  . 2011, 29(35): 50-54. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.35.008

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  Digital mine is the key for stepping up technical level and innovating scheme of coal industry. It also boosts industrial upgrading, multipliers benefits, and transfers development pattern. By using enterprise GIS platform, spatial databases, and modern information technology, a geospatial information service platform of digital mine, which has the functions of the data exchange service, enterprise GIS services, directory services, and logging services, is built and the platform is a key technology and application infrastructure for digital mine. Based on the support of geospatial information service platform for digital mine, a professional GIS application service adapter could be developed and the many application supports related to mining application system are realized, the capability and the range of mine surveying and mapping are upgraded and enhanced. Based on high-resolution satellite remote sensing data, the mine functional zones and geographic grids could be divided, the geographic grid parts and mining events are able to define, and the measurements on mining activities could be integrated into the spatial database. Then geospatial information service for mine safety management, which is of great significance for efficient, green, and intensive exploitation of mine, is achieved.
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  Design and Implementation of Personal Two-way Information Transmission System for the Coal Mine

  DING Enjie;ZHANG Shen;YU Wanli;

  . 2011, 29(35): 55-59. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.35.009

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  A two way information transmission terminal is proposed to solve the problem that underground miner is unable to understand his surrounding environment well. The structure and features of the embedded personal information terminal based on Wi-Fi network technology are given in detail; a low power consumption chip of GS1011 is used as the key chip of smart terminal embedded in a mine-lamp. The main principle of the smart terminal is analyzed and the algorithm of real time location and tracking for the underground miners is designed. Combining with the modeling technique of 3D mine tunnel, a virtual reality displaying system is built. The system is adopted by the internet of things demonstration project in Jiahe Coal Mine, Xuzhou, and obtained a good effect. The main functions of the system include initiative perception of the miner security based on his surrounding environment, the communication with ground and other miners, and real-time location and the tracking management for the miners.
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  3D Geological Modeling Approach Based on Prisms

  HE Qun;MA Hongbin

  . 2011, 29(35): 60-62. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.35.010

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  Aiming at existing complex conditions of ore and rock bodies and changeful geological structures, a new approach of 3D geological modeling based on project prisms has been presented for gaining real and exact geological structures according to the characteristics of different methods of stratum modeling, especially TIN modeling and solid modeling. The method considers borehole data and the stratum distribution laws as follows: firstly, the area of horizontal position of boreholes is divided into several prisms. Secondly, each prism side is connected correspondingly by comparing with ore blocks until the wire frame diagram for the prism is created. Then an irregular triangle network is gradually knitted area by area, layer by layer, and prism by prism. Finally, the 3D stratum model is established based on the concept of solid modeling, which models three-dimension form vividly and makes the attributes of molded ore bodies ceaseless and calculable. Besides, the model is able to automatically deduce problems of complex geological structures by using the knowledge of engineers, such as pinch-out, bifurcation, fault, and wrinkle, etc. The method has the practical value for the reserves estimation according to reserve categories due to two major advantages, namely, 3D display and solid description.
Articles
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  A Forensics System of Video Human Face Based on Bayesian Multi-classifier

  ZHOU Jianhua;FAN Qiang;WANG Jiayang

  . 2011, 29(35): 63-67. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.35.011

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  Bayesian multi-classifier model are the suitable model to deal with the problem of vector sequence images information retrieval, because they are the appropriate tools to store the conditional probabilities and limited meanings among terms and compute the similarity between user query and sequence images. In order to improve the speed and precision of human face image retrieval in the forensics system, a forensics system of vector human face based on Bayesian multi-classifier is proposed and designed. The overall structure, the main module design, and key technologies are given. In the experiment, trained data are generated from the limited static human face images, and tested data are originated from the video frequency image sequence. The experimental results show that the system has both quick recognition speed and high forensics capacity with the good capability of fault tolerance, and the method gains the good performance on vector face classification, and it provides a certain basis for classifying human face image both dynamically and statically.
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  Experimental of Geometric Error Measurement and Backlash Compensation of CNC Milling Machine

  SHEN Xiaolong;HU Jiaying;ZHANG Mingjun

  . 2011, 29(35): 68-73. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.35.012

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  Generally, the geometric error of CNC milling machine has a great effect on the synthetical precision of a machine tool. In this paper, the measuring and compensating technologies of the geometric error of CNC milling machine were investigated. The measurement, model and compensation of the plane error field in the working space of high-speed CNC milling machine were discussed systematically. The basic feature of the geometric error was verified by using the high accuracy linear grating along the single axial direction experimentally. Following, the backlash compensation algorithm of the synthetical geometric error of interpolation movement and the evaluation system of position accuracy were proposed for the backlash during CNC milling machine processing. The result indicates that the basic feature of error is established and provides a basis for putting forward the new error measurement method under the essential measuring condition. The backlash could be well compensated.
Reviews
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  Application, Experimentation, and Development Tendency of Advanced Oxidation Processes

  BAI Mindi;LENG Hong;ZHANG Qiyue;MAO Shoulei;LI Chaoqun;

  . 2011, 29(35): 74-79. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2011.35.013

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  China is facing the significant pressure of environmental protection; Advanced Oxidation Technology (AOT) is an ideal green technology that could well solve the problem involving environmental pollution. AOT refers to the preparation of hydroxyl (·OH) radicals, inducing a series of reactions with ·OH radicals that attacks pollutants and microorganism, therefore AOP is able to thoroughly solve the re-pollution problem in the process of pollution treatment at the source. Since the producing ·OH radicals with a large scale is a key technology in the study of AOT, many scholars have done a series of studies on the ·OH radicals preparation. The major methods of producing ·OH radicals in water, including O₃/H₂O₂, O₃/UV, H₂O₂/UV, Fenton, photocatalytic oxidation, electronic radiation, and water excited, are introduced. The methods of producing ·OH radicals method by air discharge, such as pulse corona, electron beam, and strong ionization discharge are also presented. The strong ionization discharge method could solve the problem producing ·OH radicals with large scale in the water or in the gas.