28 June 2009, Volume 27 Issue 0912

    

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卷首语
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  On Academic Thinking and Administrative Thinking

  . 2009, 27(0912): 3-3.

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Articles
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  The Cloning, Expression and Purification of F3 Recombinant Toxin

  . 2009, 27(0912): 19-22.

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  F3 is inserted into PQE80L carrier, after being amplified by PCR, with the plasmid pEKH-F3 as the template, to obtain PQE80L－F3 recombinated plasmid. With extracted pseudomonas aeruginosa strain chromosome DNA as the template, PE40, the pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A catalysis area, is amplified by PCR. Then PQE80-F3 is recombinated with PE40, to obtain PQE80L-F3-PE40 carrier. The DH5a and BL21 are obtained by transformation. The results show that F3－PE40 fusion protein is expressed and the quantity of expressed fusion protein accounts for about 20% of the total bacterial proteins. Through extraction of plasmid, PCR amplification, and F3-PE40 construction, E. coli expression vector is obtained by transformation to successfully express the fusion protein F3-PE40, which lays a foundation for large-scale expression and purification of F3-PE40 for further functionality.
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  Clinical Study on Healing Effect of DPN and Influence of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor by Formulation of Fu Fang Qi Ying

  . 2009, 27(0912): 23-27.

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  In order to study the clinic curative effect on diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and the influence of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) of Fu Fang Qi Ying, 63 cases of DPN were divided into two groups at random. The cases in treatment group were treated with granular formulation of Fu Fang Qi Ying; the cases in control group with granular formulation of Tang Mai Kang. The clinical symptoms，blood glucose(BG), nerve conduction velocity(NCV), vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) were observed and recorded before and after the treatment, to see the all-around therapeutic effect. It is shown that the granular formulation of Fu Fang Qi Ying can obviously improve the patients' clinical symptom, raise the VEGF and the NCV of patients. Its all-around therapeutic effect is significant as compared to the control groups. It is concluded that the granular formulation of Fu Fang Qi Ying has good preventive and therapeutic effects in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and can raise the level of VEGF.
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  Establishment of the Model of Co-effect of Multi-factor and Abnormal Savda Syndrome in Uighur Medicine

  . 2009, 27(0912): 28-33.

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  Objective: Study the relationship between co-effect of multi-factor and establishment of the model of abnormal savda syndrome in Uighur medicine, observe the immunological indicators and the changes of functional indicators of Hypothalamus - pituitary - adrenal axis. Methods:45 healthy male ICR mice were randomly divided into normal control group, twi-factor group, and tri- factor group. Twi-factor group was stressed with intermittent foot shock, the output voltage 40 ± 5V, changing the voltage from time to time, interval 0.2 ~ 0.5s, continuous stimulation 20mins everyday, and placed in cold Phytotron (temperature 10 ± 1 ℃, relative humidity 36 ~ 40%) for 10 hours/day ,and finally made it produce chronic stress.Tri- factor group was stressed with intermittent foot shock in cold Phytotron (temperature 10 ± 1 ℃, relative humidity 36 ~ 40%),and were fed dry and cool food, and the period lasted 21 days. We observed the change of biological characterization of each group, and the cell percentages of CD4 + and CD8 + in experimental mice's peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry ,and the contents of IL-2, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IgM, IgG, IgA in the miceˊs serum were examined by ELISA on the 21th day. Results: Compared to control group, tri-factor group showed petechiae, small moss, dark purple of tongue; fur lackluster，curled，reduced sensitivity to stimulation，slow response; lassitude somnolence ,frequent arousals; more diet,more drink，forming stool，cervine urine on the 21th day. The percentage of CD4+ and the percentage of CD8+decreased (P＜0.01), the CD4+/CD8+ratio decreased (P＜0.05) in peripheral blood; the contents of IFN-γ and IL-2 decreased significantly in serum (P <0.01),TNF-α and IL-6 increased significantly ( P <0.01), IgM and IgG increased significantly ( P <0.01),however,IgA decreased significantly ( P <0.01) ,. Twi-factor group showed lavender apex of tongue; fur lackluster, curled,tiredness indifferent, reduced sensitivity to stimulation, slow to react, more diet,more drink, forming and stool wet, pale colour of urine on the 21th day . The percentage of CD4+decreased (P＜0.01), The percentage of CD8+ had no significant difference (P＞0.05), CD4+/CD8+ratio decreased (P＜0.01) in peripheral blood; compared to normal control group,the content of IL-2 in serum decreased significantly (P <0.01), IL-6 had no significant difference（P＞0.05） , INF-γdecreased significantly（P＜0.01） , TNF-αincreased significantly（P＜0.01）, IgM
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  Screening of High Coronatine Producing Mutants by Mutagenized with UV and NTG

  . 2009, 27(0912): 34-37.

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  Coronatine(COR) is a phytotoxin that can induce bacterial blight in soybean (Glycinea max L.). It is a structural and functional analogue of jasmonic acid, produced by many plant species in response to stress. COR might be employed in agriculture to elicit plant resistance against various aggressors. But the low yield of COR has limited its applications in research. In our study, COR biosynthesis is enhanced by combination of ultraviolet (UV) radiation and N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) mutagenesis in Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea PG4180. Wild-type P. syringae pv. glycinea PG4180 is exposed to UV and NTG, to create a mutant M-18 with a high yield of COR. The yield of COR of strain M-18 is increased about 1.8-fold and reaches the maximum COR production in less than one-half of the time that the wild-type P. syringae pv. glycinea PG4180 takes. The pH of the culture medium is decreased much earlier with the mutant M-18 than the wild-type, which confirms that the fermentation period of the mutant is shorter than that of the wild strain.
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  Effect of Latitude on Growth Period and Quality of Maize(Zea mays L.)

  . 2009, 27(0912): 38-41.

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  In order to study the effect of latitude on the growth period and grain quality of maize, four different maize varieties were planted at five locations with latitude varying from 32.0°N to 42.5°N in Nanjing, Beijing, Shenyang, Liaozhong and Faku. The results show that the growth and development process of maize varieties is faster at low latitude than at high latitude, and there is a positive correlation between growth period and latitude. Latitude is positively related to grain fat content, with r=0.8586, but negatively to crude protein content under the same elevation gradient, with r=0.7862.
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  A Large Power Interference Suppression Method Based on an Adaptive Spectral Line Separation

  . 2009, 27(0912): 42-46.

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  For an effective suppression of large power interference including wide-band (WBI) and narrow-band (NBI) ones, a separation and suppression method based on an adaptive line enhancer(ALE) is proposed. The jamming signals can be separated from the useful signals through infinite impulse response (IIR) multiple lattice notch filter designed as all-pass filter and the expected signals can be restored through the subtracter. The globalization algorithm of 2L all-pass IIR lattice notch filter's coefficients is designed based on phase consistency criterion. A practical instance for frequency hopping(FH) signal detection is applied in this method. The simulation results show that strong power jamming co-frequency interference can be separated and eliminated effectively, consequently, an effective solution for communication receiver is provided to enhance the protection against jamming.
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  Numerical Simulation of the Pull-out Test of Wholly Grouted Cable

  . 2009, 27(0912): 47-50.

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  A calculation model is built based on FLAG 3D for the numerical simulation of interaction between soil and cable. The mechanical deformation characteristics of soil mass and wholly grouted cable are studied under the pull-out condition, and the mechanical behaviors of cable, the response of soil mass, and the influence factors for pull-out performance are analyzed. It is shown that, (1) the interface element can do well in simulating the interaction between soil and cable; (2) the peak tensile force and the displacements under the peak tensile force are in a good linear relation with the cable length; (3) the peak tensile force increases with the increase of cable diameter linearly; (4) during the tension of cable, the surrounding soil is affected in a certain area, 2L (where L stands for cable length) in the depth direction, and 1.5L in the horizontal direction.
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  A Method to Display 3D Visualization of Cardiac Electrophysiologic Parameters

  . 2009, 27(0912): 51-54.

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  This paper proposes a method to display 3D visualization of cardiac electrophysiologic parameters. In this method, a 3D surface is transformed with Delaunay triangulation to a plane. The values are interpolated in the barycentric coordinate system. Then a smooth epicardial model is reconstructed with a distribution of electrophysiological parameters on its surface. This method provides an intuitive and fast way to display epicardial electrophysiologic parameters.
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  The Detection and Tracking of Moving Objects by Using Optical Flow Technique

  . 2009, 27(0912): 55-60.

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  The Optical Flow Technique(OFT), as an important technique for estimating a two dimensional movement, is widely used in Moving Object Detecting and Tracking(MODT). However, the OFT method usually suffers from a heavy calculation load and inadequacy in information. In this paper, we propose an OFT method which is based on the technology of point matching and the strategy of uniform sampling and can be used in MODT in a real time through graying optical flow field. The simulation experiment with samples of 700 points per image indicates that the frame processing time is less than 100 ms, which means an adequate amount of information handled with reasonable computation cost.
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  Modification and Application of RESRAD-BIOTA Program

  . 2009, 27(0912): 61-64.

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  At present, the effects of ionizing radiation on biota have not been well studied. The evaluation of radiological dose ratio is the basis in analyzing biological radiation effect. RESRAD-BIOTA program is based on a graded approach of Technical Standard DOE-STD-1153-2002 by U.S. Department of Energy (USDOE), and can be used to calculate radiological dose ratio of biota in nuclear environment. RESRAD-BIOTA program is modified to evaluate radiation dose rate of radioactive liquid for aquatic biota near a Chinese nuclear power plant in coastal area, and the results are analyzed. The future applications of the program are discussed.
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  Dynamic Analysis of Vegetation Cover in the Zhangye Basin Based on SPOT-VEGETATION Data

  . 2009, 27(0912): 65-70.

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  Based on 315 images of SPOT VEGETATION data for 9 years during 1998-2006, the dynamic spatial and temporal variation of the vegetation cover in the Zhangye Basin is studied by means of trend analysis and differential analysis. The results show that the vegetation is the best in June and July during 1998-2002 and this period is shifted to July and August during 2002-2006. This shift is caused by a redistribution of water resources in the Heihe River, and an adjustment of industrial structure in Zhangye city, which is followed by a decrease of the area of summer crops, and an increase of the area of autumn crops. The yearly maximum NDVI is on the whole improved, but the trend of change of monthly maximum NDVI sees a great difference among different months. The change during the adjacent two years of both the yearly maximum NDVI and the monthly maximum NDVI witnesses a great difference, and the vegetation degradation and improvement appear fluctuantly. The major changes occur in well-developed region with the artificial vegetation, while the minor changes are in the no-vegetative or partially vegetative desert or the Gobi.
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  The Petroleum Pollution in the Soil of Laojunmiao Oilfield of Yumen City

  . 2009, 27(0912): 71-74.

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  In order to study the petroleum pollution in the soil of Laojunmiao oilfield, the oil concentrations of the soil samples from three layers (surface, substrate and understratum) in four sample districts in Laojunmiao oilfield were analyzed by Soxhlet Extraction-Gravimetric method, and then the transferring of oil pollutant in soil was studied. It is shown that the petroleum pollution in the soil of Laojunmiao oilfield is serious with a maximum oil concentration of 83601 mg/kg. Moreover, because of the strong adsorption of oil pollutant by ocher, the oil pollutant is mainly distributed in the surface layer of soil and the oil concentration of soil increases with the decrease of the diameter of soil granule.
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  Effect of Pretreatment Temperature on Fermentative Hydrogen Production from Activated Sludge

  . 2009, 27(0912): 75-78.

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  The effect of different temperatures used in heat treatment on activated sludge for hydrogen production from glucose was investigated in batch cultures. Heat treatments were conducted at 65, 80, 95 and 110℃ for 30 min. The untreated inocula was shown to produce less amount of hydrogen than the pretreated one. The maximum accumulative hydrogen production of 92.53 mL, hydrogen yields of 1.08 mol/mol, and glucose and specific hydrogen production of 8.36 mmol H2/gVSS were achieved at 65℃. The results show that different pretreatment temperatures may induce to form different fermentation types: butyrate-type fermentation at 65℃and at 80℃, and mixed-type fermentation at 95℃and 110℃. It is also shown that the method of heat pretreatment used for bio-hydrogen production from the activated sludge does not inhibit the activity of the homacetogens, which accounts for the decrease of the content of hydrogen in the headspace after 48 hours' fermentation.
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  The Location Selection of Automobile Reverse Logistics Network within Closed-loop Supply Chains

  . 2009, 27(0912): 79-84.

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  With the rapid development of China's automobile industry, the yield and the gross reserved number of automobiles rise rapidly and the number of the end-of-life vehicle grows at the same time. A range of issues such as shortage of resources, environmental pollution by garbage left over by waste automobiles will be put on the agenda inevitably. Therefore, the effective end-of-life vehicle recycling and the improvement of their utilization rate become an important issue for sustainable development of automobile industry. This paper discusses the location selection of automobile reverse logistics network within closed-loop supply chains. According to the functions, an implementation scheme of the automobile reverse logistics is put forward, together with a model for design of automobile reverse logistics network. A model for automobile re-manufacturing reverse logistics network is developed. According to the model, the numbers, locations and capacities of various facilities and the allocation of corresponding goods flows in the network are determined. Through the Lingo software, the problem of location selection of automobile reverse logistics network is solved. The effectiveness of the model is verified through a practical example.
Reviews
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  Research on Soil Moisture Remote Sensing Monitoring Based on EOS/MODIS Data

  . 2009, 27(0912): 85-92.

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  Since the plan of EOS was carried out in 1991, the sensor of EOS/MODIS, with high temporal resolution, high spectrum resolution and normalized spatial resolution, has shown its advantages in the drought remote sensing monitoring. The studies on the soil moisture remote sensing monitoring based on EOS/MODIS data are reviewed in the following 5 aspects: ① The models based on the Vegetation Index, such as Simple Vegetation Index, Ratio Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, Enhanced Vegetation Index, Normalized Difference Water Index, Vegetation Condition Index, Average Vegetation Index etc. ② The models based on the infrared spectrum, such as Perpendicular Drought Index, Modified Perpendicular Drought Index, etc. ③ The models based on the Land Surface Temperature, such as Appearance Thermal Initial, Temperature Condition Index, Normalized Difference Temperature Index and Appearance Vegetation Drought Index, etc. ④ The models based on the combination of Vegetation Index and Land Surface Temperature. Such as Vegetation-Temperature Condition Index, Vegetation Index/Temperature Trapezoid, Temperature Vegetation Dryness Index, Crop Water Stress Index, etc. ⑤ The models based on the NDVI and soil background. Such as Surface Water Capacity Index, Modified Surface Water Capacity Index, etc. This paper focuses on the models with obvious physical meaning and with wide applications in practical work, such as Modified Perpendicular Drought Index (MPDI), Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI), Surface Water Capacity Index (SWCI) and Appearance Thermal Initial (ATI). The research directions of agricultural drought monitoring based on EOS/MODIS and FY-3 data are discussed. The cycle observation of "Soil-Crop-Atmosphere" and Multi-knowledge syntheses may achieve quantified monitoring. Some future research topics of remote sensing monitoring in soil moisture are proposed.
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  Applications of Intelligent Materials in Structural Vibration

  . 2009, 27(0912): 93-97.

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  Semi-active control of structural vibration can effectively overcome the shortcomings of an active control system or a passive control system, when the actuator is made of intelligent materials. Semi-active control using intelligent materials can effectively reduce external energy. Through effective arrangement of semi-active control driving components and reasonable choice of the vibration control algorithm, structural vibration control can be more effective, so, damage of buildings caused by earthquake, strong winds can be effectively avoided. The semi-active control technology also can better promote a wide application of new intelligent materials. This paper analyzes the main physical and mechanical features, resilience, external influencing factors of intelligent materials, and the research progress in application fields, such as electrical/magnetorheological fluid, magnetostrictive materials, piezoelectric materials, shape memory alloy material, magnetic shape memory alloy materials.
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  Simulation of Passive Microwave Vegetation

  . 2009, 27(0912): 98-101.

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  The effect of microwave radiation on vegetation is important for identification of land parameters. Because of complexity of vegetation, it is a difficult topic for research. This paper reviews the simulation of the vegetation canopy in passive microwaves. Various vegetation canopy models are discussed and compared. They can be grouped into 3 types. In the first type, the vegetation is considered as a uniform layer with constant opacity or albedo and simple formulas or empirical relationships can be used for computation. The other two models differ in the way the canopy is defined. In one of them, the medium is still considered as continuous but with correlation lengths. The other model uses a discrete characterization of the medium (lengths and orientations of the elements such as stalks and leaves).