Stepped frequency radar is a kind of high resolution radar. It plays an important role in modern wars. The operationg principle of stepped radar and its existent problems are analyzed. The different methods of solving the existent problems and the obtained results are introduced. Furthermore the application and developing trends of stepped frequency radar technique are summarized.

With the development of the information, aviation and spaceflight techniques, reconnaissance and surveillance have become one of the important means to collect enemy intelligence through satellite in space. The integration, analysis, processing of space satellite's multi-source information making fully use of information fusion and processing have more and more functions in the modern war.

A bacterial strain that has a strong ability in the biodesulfurization of 4,6-dimethyl dibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT) was isolated and identified as Rhodococcus erythropolis USTB-03 by Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Compared with glycerol and ethanol tested, glucose was found to be a promising sole carbon source for both the growth and the biodesulfurization activity of R. erythropolis USTB-03, and the maximum specific activity of 4,6-DMDBT biodesulfurization was 298.1 mmol 4,6-DMDBT/(kg·h). It showed that the highest biodesulfurization activity of R. erythropolis USTB-03 was found at initial pH 7.0 in range from 4.0 to 9.0. R. erythropolis USTB-03 can selectively remove sulfur in the 4,6-DMDBT, and the dead-end product of 4, 6-DMDBT biodesulfurization was confirmed as 2-hydroxy-3, 3′-dimethyl biphenyl (2-HDMBP), only the bond of C-S rather than C-C was cleaved, which is similar to the sulfur specific biodesulfurization pathway of dibenzothiophene.

Special magnetic characteristics of urban topsoils are shown as a result of anthropogenic pollution compared to those of the natural soil. Study on environmental magnetic characteristics was conducted on the Xuzhou urban topsoils and the results indicated that the magnetic characteristics were dominated by the multi-domain / single domain ferri-magnetic minerals. Anti-ferromagnetic minerals had a little contribution to the magnetic enhancement. SEM/EDX of magnetic minerals extracted from the representative soil samples revealed the presence of typical large spherules, consisting of a great of iron, probably due to anthropogenic inputs. Magnetic characteristics of different profiles at varying depths also revealed that magnetic minerals from anthropogenic sources were confined to 0～30cm layer, so the pressure of magnetic minerals from anthropogenic inputs may be assessed through magnetic characteristics of 0～30 cm urban soils.

Modified ISSR-PCR method was presented for isolating microsatellites from non-heading Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp. chinensis Makino) genomic DNA. The method was carried out through a two-step PCR,and then primers (IP2 and IP3) were designed according to the flanking sequence of microsatellite. The success rate was 12%, which is significantly higher than that of traditional method. The SSR sequence was mainly (GA/CT)n, which was in the majority of 70%. 69 pairs of SSR primers were amplified among eight Brassica types, of which 97% primers had evident amplified bands. The highest amplification rate was 85.5%, occurring in non-heading Chinese cabbage with tetraploid and Brassica oleracea L. And the lowest was 49.3% in Brassica var. botrytis L. of above 69 pairs, 10 pairs were transferable among eight Brassica types, whose amplified fragments were the same,whereas others were diverse in size and number, showing higher polymorphic. Especially in Brassica oleracea L. and Brassica var. botrytis L., which were typical C chromosome types, five loci were tested at most, suggesting these primers developed by ISSR-PCR had rich polymorphic.

The paper outlines the history from proposal to consummation of rice core germplasm breeding in five parts, including conception of core germplasm(CG) and core germplasm breeding, construction of ideal model of plant type and quality of CG, creation of new CG, molecular breeding of CG, CG breeding through aided selection by specific secondary metabolite. The approach to rice core germplasm breeding is advanced.

To investigate effects of synthetic oligodeoxynucleotide containing CpG motif (CpG ODN) on specific antibody production and lymphocyte proliferation to recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (rHBsAg). Methods: Balb/c mice received into back leg tibialis anterior (TA) muscle for two times;Detection of anti-HBs titer in serum by ELISA;The lymphocyte proliferations are tested by 3H-TdR incorporation. Results: The anti-HBs titer of plus CpG ODN group is higher than that of rHBsAg group obviously, and the antibody persistent time is also longer. Nevertheless, the proliferation of splenocytes of the group plus CpG ODN is much stronger. Conclusion: CpG ODN has enhanced efficacy for anti-HBs production and stimulated the splenocytes proliferation in mice.

The Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities were initiated in the laboratory by the sudden overturning of a tank of initially stably stratified fluid of two layers. For flow visualization, dye was introduced as tracer in one of the fluid layer. The concentration of the dye tracer across the highly irregular turbulent interface was measured in the experiment using a video imaging method. The laboratory data of the interface were compared with a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of the turbulent flow, which was conducted using a numerical scheme known as the Lagrangian Block Method (LBM). The highly irregular turbulent interface was correctly reproduced in the LES by the LBM in close agreement with the laboratory observation.

The effects of mixture ratio on anti-seepage capability of clay-solidified grouting curtain in sanitary landfills and its permeability of heavy metal cations were investigated by permeating experiments, moving velocity of different heavy metal cations in clay-solidified grouting and its antisepsis capabilities were researched in this paper. The permeating experiments results indicate that permeability coefficient of clay-solidified grouting curtain is closely related to solid mass, the contribute of clay is higher than that of cement, its permeability of heavy metal cations decrease with leakage time for flowing passage are blocked up by precipitate in cations moving through clay-solidified grouting curtain, moving velocity are varied for different heavy metal cations in clay-solidified grouting curtain and the selectivity order is Hg2+> Pb2+ in the experimental circumstance. Furthermore, antisepsis capabilities of clay-solidified grouting curtain are demonstrated by contrast tests.

We studied the empirical statistical properties of Traditional Chinese Medical Prescription Formulation system with a viewpoint of complex network. The properties include the average path length, clustering coefficient, degree distribution, grid coefficients etc. We suggest that Traditional Chinese Medical Prescription Formulation network can belong to the so-called "extended collaboration networks" due to the fact that it can be described by "a set of complete graphs",and therefore better described by a bi-particle graph and two more important statistical parameters namely "act-degree" and "act-size", and meanwhile their distributions can be defined. These empirical statistical results are in a very good agreement with the conclusions of a collaboration network's evolution model that was suggested by us.

Spindle flowmeter, a new type of differential pressure flowmeter, is introduced. The general formulation for different pressure flowmeter and the formula for the spindle are derived. The numerical simulation was conducted. The results indicate that an annular channel flow is formed in conditions of regular and aberrant coming stream, which makes it possible to improve the repeatability and precision of measurement. The ratio of non-recovered pressure drop to differential pressure obtained as an output from spindle is much less than orifice plate, especially at higher Reynolds Number. The experiment results validate the reliability of the numerical simulation.

This article applies the Black-Scholes modle from the theory of options to discuss the relationship between the theoretical economic value and the practical trading price when calculating the economic value of intellectual property rights in the financial realm. The result shows: the authorized fee that over 60 percent of enterprises are willing to pay for the pattern transfer for the technology is actually deficient even 1 percent lower than the cash flow that this intellectual property right will bring to the enterprise in the future. Therefore, using the Black-Scholes model to evaluate the intellectual property rights have an index effect, and it provides a reference as making decision about the authorized fee of the intellectual property rights in trading process.

According to Agent theory, transaction cost economics and strategic management theories, this paper regards innovation strategy as the function of environmental dynamism and capital structure, moreover, it also introduces variables such as size, profit ability and density of stockholder's ownership. Based on the multi-variable regression model, this paper uses the data of 35 listed energy enterprises from the year 2000 to 2003, and has an empirical study of the influential factors of their innovation strategy. We get the result that variables of capital structure, profit ability and density of stockholder's ownership have a significant relationship with innovation strategy, while variables of environmental dynamism and size have not.

The chemical structure of fungal polysaccharide AbEXP 1-a was studied through acid hydrolysis, IR spectroscopy and NMR spectroscopy. And its immunomodulating activity was tested through animal experiments. The results are as follow: AbEXP 1-a is consisted of glucose and mannose in ratio of 3:1. Its backbone was deduced that consisted of 3 glucoses combined by β-(1→6) glycosidic linkage and a meanose linking to them through α-(1→6) or β-(1→6) glycosidic linkage. AbEXP 1-a was found to be capable of promoting non-specific immunity, humoral immunity and cellular immunity of mice. Besides, it also could promote delayed type hypersensitivity in mice. All that means that AbEXP 1a could enhance the immunity of organisms comprehensively and the appropriate dosage is 10 mg/kg body weight.

企业业务流程的连贯性及业务范围的扩大,对企业的信息系统提出了企业内部/间系统协作的需求,然而信息孤岛和冗余似乎打破了企业构造协同工作/商务的梦想。于是,EAI作为一种解决方案成为企业信息化过程中的新宠。那么,是否任何拥有信息系统的企业都需要实施EAI?如果需要EAI,实施到什么程度最优?从定性和定量两方面对企业是否需要实施EAI进行了分析,并应用数学模型求解了最佳集成度,希望给企业实施EAI的决策提供一点思路。

Inner Mongolia lies in the fragile district of ecology, and the desertification is rapidly developing. In order to contain the further deterioration of the ecological environment and lighten the national financial burden, it is imperative to concede the land and reforest(return grasses)in the Inner Mongolia. This article analyzes conceding the land and reforestation (returning grasses )problem in the Inner Mongolia on the basis of ecological, geographical and environmental characteristics of the west, middle, east regions in the Inner Mongolia. Take measures suited to local conditions for conceding the land and reforestation(returning grasses)problem in the Inner Mongolia.

On the basis of analyzing the causes for the brain drain of Intellectual in enterprises, Using the theory in the management,organizational behavior and psychology, a compre hensive model of the causes for the brain drain of intellectual workers was built systematically. Thus a theoretical foundation was provided for the management of the personnel resources.

Concepts of relevance in information retrieval are analyzed in the paper. Researches abroad on relevance are simply reviewed and improvements in relevance of retrieval system are introduced.

The ecological toilet will be very popular,because important characteristics of ecological sanitation are that saves water, protects water quality, prevents pollution, zero-pollution, zero-infection, zero-discharge and pollutants-reducing, innocuity, resource recycle, also it can be used in the place without infrastructure. The application of ecological toilet in public places, beauty spots, temporary meeting places and traffic instruments has shown its advantages. The major problems are the expensive initial investments, exigent requests of use, difficult maintenance and high consume energy, also its dependability hasn't got the pervasive acceptance. The universal application of ecological toilet in public places can improve partial ecological environment, until ecological toilet enter into every family, the advent of toilet revolution will come.

】 Cryopreservation has been a significant route for a long-term preservation of the biomaterials. However, for those cells, tissues, organs with complex structures and living objects, there has been still no an ideal way for their successful cryopreservation up to now. Through imitating the cold tolerance mechanisms of the hibernation creatures in nature, it is possible to establish brand new methods for cryopreserving the biomaterials. In this paper, some important issues raised from interpreting the cold tolerance mechanisms closely related with the cryopreservation were comprehensively evaluated. Several worth of pursuing directions thus inspired for the cryopreservation were pointed out. Moreover, some new specific strategies for developing a successful cryopreservation method were proposed. It can be anticipated that, the bionic way inspired by nature would consist of one of the most promising strategies to overcome the technical bottleneck of the traditional cryopreservation methods.

The article studies the evaluation system of scientific research of the German DFG, and on the basis of the analysis of peer review system, puts forward suggestions of evaluation system of basic research of China.

The role of Natural Resources of Science and Technology (NRST) is becoming more and more important in people's daily life, economic development, and scientific and technological innovation. The sharing of NRST has become a hot topic in China and the world. The focus of argument among the center of resources conservation, industry governor, and some of experts and scholars, is how to make full use of the NRST conserved by all kinds of centers of resources conservation, and how to improve the efficiency and the quality of NRST's sharing. According to author's investigation and the survey which Ministry of Science and Technology made in 2003 , this article makes an analysis about the limiting factors of NRST's sharing, and the problems of NRST's sharing. Based on the analysis, author brings forward the ideas and countermeasure on promoting the sharing of NRST.