13 November 2016, Volume 34 Issue 21

    

• Select all
  |

Special lssues
• Select
  Strait crossing and ocean development

  WU Zhiming, WU Yongping, LI Qidi, MA Dongxing

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 11-15. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.001

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  This paper briefly describes opportunities and challenges in the ocean era and points out that the strait crossing is becoming an important infrastructure of ocean development. It is also noted that R & D and construction of strait crossing can effectively promote the progress and innovation of marine engineering technology in a wide range and the development of marine industry, and can improve the marine security situation in China as well.
• Select
  Comparison of representative sea-crossing projects in China and the world and its enlightenment

  LIU Liangzhong, LIU Xinhua

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 16-26. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.002

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  A review of the development of world sea-crossing projects is presented, which sums up the merits and drawbacks of railway ferry, sea crossing bridge, subsea tunnel, and bridge and tunnel combination. First construction technologies, financing and operation patterns of the representative projects at home and abroad are compared Then, the future development trends are proposed. At last, some suggestions for China are put forward, including strengthening pre-project research and design, government responsibility for construction of key projects, pre-project funding by national finance, and building plans, investment and financing schemes under scientific decisionmaking combined with project location situation.
Spescial Issues
• Select
  Study on long-span rail-road cable-stayed bridge for cross-sea channel

  LEI Junqing, HUANG Zuwei, CAO Shanshan, LIU Haosu, GUI Chengzhong

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 27-33. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.003

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  Resource conservation and environmental protection need to be considered most when it comes to cross-sea bridge. Long-span rail-road cable-stayed bridge is a primary choice for cross-sea bridge, which shows advantage in saving channel resources. According to the investigation on long-span rail-road cable-stayed bridges which are existing or under construction worldwide, some key technologies are addressed. At the same time, research on durability of steel girder and stayed cable is conducted, in which a contrastive analysis on structural systems and arrangements is carried out on the basis of structural features of long-span rail-road cable-stayed bridges. Solutions to the problem to further increase the span of long-span rail-road cable-stayed bridge are also put forward. Results of this paper could be taken as technical reference for the design of the same type of cross-sea bridges.
Special lssues
• Select
  Research on the new technology of engineering investigation and monitoring of cross-sea passage

  SONG Shilin, XU Jiasheng, YIN Cong

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 34-38. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.004

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The purpose of this paper is to describe the new methods of engineering investigation for pre-stage cross-sea passage project and new methods of monitoring after project completion. Based on the analysis of hi-tech equipment and new technologies used at present in seafloor exploration and monitoring, their application feasibility in construction of cross-sea passage is studied. It is shown that applications of synthetic aperture sonar system, three-dimensional imaging system, sub-bottom profiler detection system and other new hitech equipment can obtain data more comprehensively, accurately and efficiently than current common equipment and provide more comprehensive and accurate methods for cross-sea passage construction investigation and the passage's safe operation. Making full use of these modern hi-tech methods may conduct overall and correct investigation and monitoring to detect risk and implement assessment, as well as work out preventive and control measures in time, so as to guarantee the safe construction and operation of passages.
Spescial Issues
• Select
  Survey and analysis of the geological conditions in trans-sea channel of Bohai strait

  ZHAO Tiehu, QI Jun, MEI Sai, GAO Xiaohui, FENG Jing, LI Panfeng

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 39-47. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.005

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  Because the construction of trans-sea channel of Bohai strait is a strategic marine engineering project, a systematic geological and geophysical investigation as well as analysis in the area is foundamental in the early stage of engineering. In this paper, on the basis of existing information and actual survey, seabed topographical features of the Bohai strait are analyzed, the strata lithologic structure since the Neogene is preliminarily investigated, major active faults are identified, a seismicity analysis on Bohai strait and its neighboring area is carried out, and areas of potential seismic source are divided. The results show that erosion scarp, erosion groove and depression, tidal sand ridge, and underwater shoal are the unfavorable factors of the channel construction. The area along the Changdao islands chain is conducive to the undersea tunnel construction for the bedrock buried depth is shallow. The proposed cross-sea channel is located in the potential seismic source area with a maximum magnitude of 6.0~7.0; the main part of the potential seismic source area with 7.0-magnitude is located within Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault zone, where the key seismic fortification for the engineering is.
Special lssues
• Select
  Study on ultra-long life protection materials and technology for marine structures

  LÜ Ping, FENG Yanzhu

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 48-51. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.006

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The paper briefly describes the influence of marine environment on durability of structure, and introduces the technological advantage of pure polyurea technology, and studies the influence of different temperature and humidity curing conditions on adhesion performance. The surface appearance and structural morphology of pure polyurea are investigated with scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) after QUV aging. An introduction of application of pure polyurea to Hong KongZhuhai-Macao Bridge and Qingdao Bay Bridge is also given. It is shown that pure polyurea technology can undertake the mission of protection to Qingdao Bay Bridge with excellent long-term protective ability and strong resistance to QUV aging.
• Select
  On the promoter action of cross-sea channel construction on marine science and technology and marine industry

  ZHAO Lin, XU Xiaoxiao

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 52-57. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.007

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The economic situation in Shandong Peninsula and Liaodong Peninsula is in good shape. However, due to geographic restriction, exchanges between the two regions are inconvenient, thereby resource sharing and advantage compensation are affected. This article clarifies the necessity of the cross-sea channel construction between the two peninsulas by analyzing marine resources, marine industry and marine science and technology, then it argues the promoter action of the cross-sea channel in shipbuilding industry, port industry, tourism, coastal city development and scientific and technological talents build-up.
• Select
  Index system and level measures of marine eco-civilization cities in Bohai rim

  QIN Weishan, YANG Haodong, LI Jingna, ZHANG Mi

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 58-63. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.008

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The concept of marine ecological civilization is first defined in this study, then, a marine ecological civilization construction level measurement index system is built from six aspects including marine ecology, marine resource, marine environment, marine economy, marine culture and marine system. The study points out that according to the marine ecological civilization construction indexes, Dalian, Weihai and Yantai are demonstration cities; Dongying and Tianjin are advanced cities; Tangshan, Panjin, Huludao, Yingkou, Dandong, Qinhuangdao are key cities; Weifang, Jinzhou, Binzhou and Cangzhou are promising cities. Based on the Bohai marine ecological civilization construction level measure analysis, the path of marine ecological civilization construction is put forward in order to guide the regional marine ecological civilization construction in terms of policy and decision making.
• Select
  Cross-sea passage and coordinated development of city group:The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge as an example

  CHEN Zhangxi

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 64-68. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.009

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  Transportation infrastructure construction has a far-reaching impact on coordinated development of regional economy and urban agglomeration. The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge is an important channel of the mouth of the Pearl River south. Its completion can meet the growing demand of regional traffic and transform the traffic spatial pattern of the Pearl River Delta region, thus enhancing locational advantages of the west bank of the Pearl River estuary area, promoting urban integration and economic development, realizing coordinated development of urban agglomeration in the Pearl River Estuary. Based on the criteria of coordinated development of urban agglomeration, this paper analyzes the effect of the Pearl River Bay Bridge on the coordinated development of the Pearl River Estuary city group.
• Select
  Effect of Peninsula Project to the development of Zhoushan

  LI Chunlin, WANG Ying

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 69-76. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.010

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  In the Peninsula Project, a large number of new materials, structures and new technologies are used, which set new records at home and abroad. Since the project completion Zhoushan has thrived from "island" to "peninsula" and enjoyed the best opportunity of its development. The project not only plays a role of huge driving force which can bring high economic benefit to each industry, but also produces enormous social benefit and truly changes the lifestyle of Zhoushan people. During the period of 13th Five Year Plan, Zhoushan will build the Liuheng bridge and Ningbo-Zhoushan railway and another cross-sea channel to connect Zhoushan and Ningbo into a city circle. At the same time, a series of cross-sea channels are being planned and built, including Shanghai-Zhou Shan-Ningbo large channel and Yangzhou railway.
• Select
  Construction demand and route for cross-sea channels in China under the maritime power strategy

  ZHAO Xiaofang

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 77-81. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.011

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  Nowadays, Chinese economy has become into an export-oriented one with dramatic increase in dependency of marine resources and space and with extension of maritime rights and interests beyond jurisdictional sea. All these need maritime power construction to get guarantee. Because cross-sea channel, as an important factor in maritime power strategy, can promote integration of coastal areas, the paper analyzes the construction demand and route for cross-sea channels in China based on the maritime power strategy and analysis of the relationship between maritime power and cross-sea channel, so as to provide a theoretic pillar for the maritime power strategy and cross-sea channel constructions.
Articles
• Select
  Perspective on exascale-era computing

  DENG Yuefan, ZHANG Lihao

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 85-94. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.012

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  Supercomputer has played its significant role in the development of science and technology. As we are moving forward into the exascale era, how to measure the performance of supercomputer is a crucial problem when concerning the system designs and programming models. Different benchmarks will give different conclusions. We introdce the three main ranking lists in supercomputing and their benchmarks, and analyze the current development and application perspective in different aspects.
• Select
  New discovery of Late Pleistocene-Early Holocene stromatolites in Damxung Co, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

  LUO Yangbing, ZHENG Mianping, BU Lingzhong, ZHANG Xuefei

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 95-100. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.013

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The Late Quaternary stromatolite assemblages at Damxung Co have been found on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau for the first time. The discovery has great significance for elucidation of the paleoenvironmental evolution on the plateau in the Late Quaternary. Geochemical characteristics and 14C ages of these three layers stromatolites are studied in this paper. The result shows that the optimum temperatures for stromatolite growth are 20℃ to 30℃, and that when the temperature is lower than 15℃, the growth of blue algae will stop. At present, the annual mean temperature of lake water is 4.8℃, suggesting that the water temperature then was 10℃ higher than the modern times temperature. The result also shows that 14C ages of these three layer stromatolites are consistent with Bölling, Allevöd and early Holocene warm period events, with mean values of δ¹⁸O and δ¹³C being high in these three layer stromatolites, i.e., -7.23 to -6.6 and 4.75 to 5.65, respectively, suggesting that the air temperature was high. The discovery of three warm stages in this period is of vital value for the establishment of the Late Quaternary climatic-chronological scale of the Qinghai-Tibet.
• Select
  Study on existence forms of chemical compositions and saturation indexes of waters from Gasikule Salt Lake, Qinghai Province

  YE Chuanyong, ZHENG Mianping

  Science & Technology Review. 2016, 34(21): 101-111. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2016.21.014

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  In order to explore the hydrogeological supply order and conceptual hydrogeological model of the Gasikule Salt Lake, PHREEQC software is used to calculate the existence forms of chemical compositions and saturation indexes of various waters from Gasikule salt lake located in the western margin of Qinghai province. The results reveal that Na, K, Ca, Mg, C(4), Cl and S(6) are mainly in the forms of free ions Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, HCO₃^-, Cl^- and HCO₄^2-, while only small amounts of Mg, C(4) and S(6) form complexes with other ions. The conceptual hydrogeological model is shown as follows. Firstly, most of the stream water formed by precipitation and snow melt supplies the mudstone layer and forms the confined water. Secondly, most of the confined water supplies pore water and eventually enters lake water. Thirdly, the lake water is transfered to surface brine and intercrystalline brine after strong evaporation and concentration effect due to cold and dry climate. Fourthly, the deep CaCl₂ type brine continuously supplies the surface brine area and intercrystalline brine area by the buried faults existing at the east surface brine area and the Karst channel existing at the salina, respectively. Fifthly, the surface brine and intercrystalline brine exchange deeply. This study may provide some basic information for the hydrogeological evolution of the salt lake in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.