28 November 2017, Volume 35 Issue 22

    

• Select all
  |

Spescial Issues
• Select
  Design and national strategy

  LIU Guanzhong

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 15-18. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.001

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The human society is supported by economy, technology and culture. The people starts to realize the nature's crucial influences on our survival. The concept of the culture is gradually expanded to a stage to include the ecological outlook within the human society pattern. The evolution of the human society follows a loop from investigation of things to gaining knowledge and again to a higher stage of investigation of things. People starts to learn the importance of the methodology, the social values and the survival strategies, through the evolution loop, logically, from the target to the path, to the strategy, to the method & technology and to the tools. The design should not just follow the market but to understand the real need of the world. Then we can define, lead and create the need. The industrial design practice and the knowledge reach a level of innovation of mechanism, life style design, culture model and system design. Now, the focus moves to the sustainable collaborative design, and the social design. The service design indicates that the fundamental of industrial design is to create a healthy, reasonable, shared, fair life style of human society.
• Select
  The design science as seen from academic and industrial perspectives

  LI Xiang

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 19-24. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.002

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  This paper discusses the contents of the design science, and two kinds of design science models from the academic perspective. In view of some problems in the Chinese design domain, a novel digital model-based design science paradigm is proposed from the industrial perspective. It is suggested that the design science should include four research fields:(1) how to represent the design knowledge with a digital model; (2) the standard of the digital model; (3) the mechanism of the digital model-based knowledge flow; (4) how to integrate the digital model.
• Select
  Design science:From normative towards descriptions

  HOU Yuemin, JI Linhong

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 25-34. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.003

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The design is both an art and a science. The design science focuses on the science part of the design, including the studies of the designers and the interaction between the people and the created artifacts in the society, and the studies of the structures and their behaviors. There is no clear boundary between these two domains, and the Science is what they share. The design as a science should follow the scientific research paradigm and investigate design laws with descriptive theories. The current design research tends to provide normative methods, which can work in certain cases but cannot be extended to general design cases. Normative methods prescribe what the designers OUGHT to do, while descriptive theories tell us what IS behind the design practices. The normative methods can work in certain cases but not in general cases. They are necessary for the design because the design is a goal-oriented activity. However, only after we understand what IS behind the different design practices can we construct effective design methods to guide better design. In the case of computer design systems, the normative methods lead to the design automation, but only descriptive theories can pave the way to the autonomous design or the partially autonomous design.
• Select
  The Constituent Theory:Constructing the design

  XU Qian, LI Yan, LI Song

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 35-45. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.004

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The essence of the design is the most important issue in the design science, and the Constituent Theory is put forward to explore the nature of the design. The Constituent Theory is based on the way of existence of the world; some basic concepts of the Constituent Theory are put forward in this paper; based on the Constituent Theory, some basic concepts in the design are redefined. and the nature of the design is explored; a design process model is established, namely, the Design Driving-Design Implied-Design Matching model (DIM model). The three types of the Constituent relationship sources are obtained by the Design Driving; the Constituent relationship models are obtained through the Design Implied; the specific Constituent relationships are obtained through the Design Matching, and then further improvement is obtained through the sub-DIM model. Finally, the design example for escaping from the H-Bahn is used to verify the validity of the Constituent Theory. Thus, the conceptual foundations and the design process model of the Constituent Theory are established,with a clear nature of the design and new perspectives and ideas for the design.
• Select
  Analysis of innovation and entrepreneurship process of Danish small and medium-sized enterprises

  ZHANG Zhinan, RONG Weimin, XIE Youbai

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 46-51. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.005

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  Small and medium-sized enterprises are the main body in the national dual-creation strategy, as the backbone of the social innovation. The healthy development of small and medium-sized enterprises plays a key role in following the "Innovation driven development strategy" of China. In fact, in the start-up stage, most of small and medium-sized enterprises lack a clear understanding of the whole innovation and entrepreneurship process, and also lack an understanding of the dependence of the resources and the environment factors on their innovation and entrepreneurship. To solve these problem, this paper reviews the whole process of the innovation and entrepreneurship of Danish Small and medium-sized enterprises, and outlines our understanding on the innovation. Furthermore, a process model is presented, to be used to educate students with a global view on innovation and entrepreneurship of a small and medium-sized enterprises.
• Select
  Design knowledge serviece model based on distributed resource environment

  DAI Xudong, MA Xuefen, XIE Youbai

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 52-57. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.006

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The open innovation movement promotes the product design and development in the distributed knowledge resource environment, where the design entity solves the technical problems in the design and development by a large amount of services provided by the knowledge service resources outside the enterprise, and the publishing and the application of the knowledge services are mostly carried out through the Internet. The design knowledge service model based on the Internet is the key theoretical foundation of the product design based on the distributed knowledge resource environment. This paper reviews the studies of the design based on the distributed knowledge resources environment, and the product design mode in the distributed knowledge resources environment, and then analyzes the forms of the design knowledge in the distributed knowledge resources and the knowledge service classification system, finally proposes a model of the design knowledge service. Large scale applications show that the design knowledge service model proposed in this paper can well support the publication, the search, the matching and the integration of the knowledge services in the distributed knowledge resource environment.
• Select
  MBSE:The enabling technology for the innovative design of intelligent manufacturing in China

  LIU Yusheng

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 58-64. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.007

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The creative design technology is urgently needed for realizing intelligent manufacturing on China. However, the Chinese manufacturing industry suffers from a weak creative capability. The model-based system engineering (MBSE) becomes an important enabling technology to enhance the innovation capability of the high-level manufacturing in China because of its obvious advantages. Based on the analysis of the state-of-art of the MBSE, the modeling method, the enabling effects, the challenges and the implementation methods of the MBSE are analyzed. Some suggestions are made for the MBSE implementation in Chinese high-level manufacturing enterprises.
• Select
  A review of application of ontology in design information and knowledge management

  LIU Ying, LIM Soon Chong Johnson, CHEN Yong

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 65-70. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.008

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  With the advent and rapid development of the computer-aided design, the process planning and the manufacturing in design, the ever-increasing amount of the design information poses both challenges and opportunities for an efficient information and knowledge management. The ontology provides a feasible, effective and rich information modeling concept. This paper reviewed the ontology applications in the design engineering. The applications of the ontology fall generally into five related research issues and future research developments are extensively discussed.
Articles
• Select
  Preparation of the magnetotactic wood through the biomimetic mineralization for application in electromagnetic wave absorption

  WANG Hanwei, SUN Qingfeng, SHENG Chengmin, YANG Ning

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 71-76. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.009

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  Based on the principle of the biomimetic mineralization and with the aspartic acid as the biomolecule inducer, the magnetotactic wood is prepared through the deposition of the MnFe₂O₄ crystal on the wood surface via the solvothermal method at low temperature. The asprepared wood is characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and the vector network analysis (VNA). The results show that the magnetic MnFe₂O₄ could be deposited on the wood surface to form the magnetotactic wood induced by the aspartic acid under the alkaline solvothermal mineralization at low temperature. A minimum reflection loss of the magnetotactic wood is-12 dB at 15.52 GHz. Simultaneously, the RL is below-12 dB ranging from 14 to 17 GHz. Therefore, the magnetotactic wood would find a great potential application for preventing the indoor electromagnetic wave pollution.
• Select
  A group behavior decision model based on emotional factors

  MA Jun, WANG Shuang

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 77-85. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.010

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  It is an important issue that the individual emotion influences the evolution of the group behavior. The influence is more evident in an enclosed space as compared in an open space. This paper, proposes a behavior modeling of emotional factors with consideration of physics and chemistry in a specific place in the decision-making mapping between the individual behaviors on the basis of population, a two-way relationship is established between emotional and behavioral factors, and based on the emotional behavior factor, a decision model, with the target for the dynamic behavior of decision-making problems is established with the corresponding algorithms. Finally, a specific scene simulation system is established, and the simulation result indicates that the oscillations of the quantity are enhanced with the increase of the emotional influence, and that the panic affects the effectiveness of the individual behavior decision in the group.
• Select
  Regulation for imported solid waste in China

  LIU Xuezhi, ZHANG Ting, SUN Xin, SHEN Fengwu, SHANG Yuetong

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 86-91. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.011

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  Recent years see a high Chinese annual imports of solid waste. It is related to the shortage of resources in China in some extent, and it brings about a lot of environmental and health problems. This paper reviews the status of the imported solid waste from the aspects of both quantities and sources of the imported solid waste, as well as its economic and environmental influences. In view of the current situation of legislation and supervision mechanism, this paper analyzes the existing problems in the supervision of the imported solid waste, the reselling environmental approval, the loopholes of the import of the solid waste directory, the difficulties of the import solid waste identification, the smuggling, and the degree of difficulties of the substandard solid waste disposal etc. Finally, a series of measures are put forward to regulate the order of imports of the solid waste market, such as the construction of the import property right trading system, the reference to the international HS code, a clear identification of responsibilities, to expand the international platform for the international cooperation.
Reviews
• Select
  Recent advances in immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography

  HAN Bin

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 92-100. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.012

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC) is based on the affinity between the transition metal ions and the target molecules, with the transition metal ions being immobilized on the solid matrix by ligands and combined with histidine or cysteine of the target molecules to form relatively stable complexes. The enrichment and the purification of the target molecules are achieved by the competitive elution. The IMAC, with the preparation of the metal chelate affinity materials as its core technology, has been developed for more than 40 years and widely used in the specific enrichment, separation and purification of the target molecules due to its high affinity selectivity, good biocompatibility and reversible regeneration. From the point of view of the analytical chemistry, the recent three-year advances in the IMAC nanomaterials, microsphere chromatography matrices, cotton fibers, molecularly imprinted materials, monolith and covalent organic frameworks are reviewed in this paper.
Focus
• Select
  On design science

  HOU Yuemin, JI Linhong

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 101-104. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.013

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The design science is not a new discipline but its contents undergo a change in the recent decade. Its focus changes from a coverage of almost all aspects relevant to the design process and the product design, to related scientific theories and methods. The frontier of the design science is to develop systematic theories and methods of design as a science. The Design Society launched a new journal named "Design Science" with an editorial article "Design Science:Why, What and How", and a discussion of 29 authors on the design science, which are reviewed in this paper.
• Select
  The development of hydrogen energy in China

  WANG Geng, ZHENG Jinyang, JIANG Lijun, CHEN Jian, HAN Wulin, CHEN Linxin

  Science & Technology Review. 2017, 35(22): 105-110. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2017.22.014

  Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save

  The hydrogen energy, as an energy resource in China, enjoys many good properties, such as extremely low pollution and storability on a large scale. The hydrogen energy may serve not only as a key means to resolve the structural surplus within the electric power industry but also as an important direction to improve our country's environment and to reduce the air pollutant emission. Currently, the hydrogen energy industry is in a rapid development as the scale of the applied global hydrogen energy, especially the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle application, increases sharply. In view of letting the hydrogen energy industry to develop in a scientific, sustainable and healthy manner, this paper reviews the current situation of the hydrogen energy industry in China in terms of the hydrogen production, the storage, the transportation, the safety, and the applications, on basis of large amount of industry survey and study at home and abroad. Several suggestions are proposed on the diversified development of the hydrogen energy industry in our country.