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   Science & Technology Review
2018, Vol.36, No. 17
13 September 2018

Articles
Foreword
Columns
Scientific Community
Think Tank
Science and Technology Humanities
Scientific Comments
Exclusive: Artificial Intelligence
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Hot!

Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 0-0.
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Abstract ( 339 )
Foreword

Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 1-1.
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Abstract ( 384 )
Think Tank

Countermeasures to the development of tea industry in mountain area for green revitalization and transformation

LIU Penghu, LUO Xuhui, HUANG Ying, WANG Yixiang, WENG Boqi
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 8-13. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.001
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Abstract ( 597 )
The green development of tea industry in mountain area is an important part of rural industrial revitalization. The development and operation of traditional mountain tea gardens in the southern China is facing various challenges in soil erosion control, tea garden ecological conservation, diversified function mining and deepening green production. How to seek green development of the mountain tea industry in the light of local conditions and how to promote the transformation and upgrading of tea garden in the mountain area are the questions that must be addressed. In this article, combined with the actual development of mountain tea gardens in Fujian province, the ideas and technical countermeasures for the construction of the "three-life" coupling tea garden and green development system in mountainous areas are put forward through field research and scientific analysis, including strengthening the ecological restoration efficiency of tea gardens, the high-yield production efficiency of mountain tea gardens, the functions of the tea gardens and the coupling of the "Sansheng" elements in the mountain tea gardens so as to realize effective production-ecological-life functions and develop a new road for recycling agricultural economy in mountainous tea gardens. It also provides a reference for the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy and the increase of farmers' income.
Scientific Comments

On the impact of cloud and other disruptive technological trends on the world economy

SHEN Samuel
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 14-18. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.002
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Abstract ( 625 )
All technological revolutions have led to social changes. The past three major waves of human development-from the agricultural revolution and the industrial revolution to the most recent information revolution-all brought profound changes by means of the "disruptive technologies" of the time. Today, the disruptive technologies, from cloud computing and big data to artificial intelligence, are having a tremendous impact on the world economy, and even on the global landscape, on an annual basis. The world's leading nations have attached great importance to their ability to anticipate future technologies,leveraging disruptive technologies to improve core technological capabilities. This paper discusses eight trends, two environments and the seven-layer model of disruptive technologies with focus on the transformative role of cloud computing and artificial intelligence in digital economy.

From simulation to real, adversarial learning based data augmention method

LIU Yong, ZENG Xianfang
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 19-22. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.003
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Abstract ( 488 )
Deep learning has recently made a huge breakthrough in the field of computer vision. What makes it succeed is using a large amount of labeled data for supervised learning with deep neural networks. However, labeling a large-scale dataset is very expensive and time-consuming. To solve the large-scale dataset annotation issue, Apple's Shrivastava team tried to achieve unsupervised learning of simulated images with existing computer simulation techniques and adversarial training methods, thereby avoiding the expensive image annotation process. They had three innovations, namely a ‘self-regularization’ term, a local adversarial loss, and updating the discriminator using a history of refined images so that the real image is generated while retaining the input image features. The experiment results showed that the method can generate highly realistic images. The team also quantitatively analyzed the generated images by training a gaze estimation model and a hand posture estimation model. The results indicated a significant improvement over using synthetic images and achieved the state of the art on the MPⅡGaze dataset without any labeled real data. However, the researchers didn't conduct any experiment in complex scenarios involving multiple objects. The application of the proposed method still has limitations in complex scenarios.
Exclusive: Artificial Intelligence

40 years of intelligent control in China

CAI Zixing
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 23-39. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.004
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Abstract ( 866 )
In this paper the development process of intelligent control at home and abroad is reviewed. The achievements of basic, academic and technological researches in China are summarized. The general situation of education, teaching and personnel training of intelligent control in China is discussed. The existing problems of intelligent control in China are addressed and the suggestions for intelligent control research and development in China are proposed as well.

Discussion on some urgent issues of artificial intelligence development in China

YU Hanchao, WANG Feng, JIANG Shuqiang
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 40-44. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.005
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Abstract ( 687 )
This article analyses the developing trend of artificial intelligence at home and abroad, and discusses some urgent issues of artificial intelligence development in China through the six aspects, namely original innovation capacity, top-level planning and designing, basic software and hardware, technology platform, talent cultivation and introduction, and frontier research layout. Some relevant suggestions are also put forward, which are expected to offer advices to the China's artificial intelligence development in the fierce international competition.

Present situation and future trend of artificial intelligence chips

YIN Shouyi, GUO Heng, WEI Shaojun
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 45-51. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.006
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Abstract ( 2286 )
The artificial intelligence chips (AI) chip is an important part of artificial intelligence technology. It is the hardware foundation of AI algorithm and the essential of the AI era. This paper analyzes the state of the art, characteristics, potential technical trends and marketing of AI chips, and forecasts the opportunities, challenges and future trends faced by AI chips.

New progress of the visual system in birds of prey

LI Han, DUAN Haibin, LI Shuyu
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 52-67. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.007
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Abstract ( 549 )
Birds rely most heavily on their ability to assess their visual environment. The current research situation of vision of birds of prey is introduced and the characteristics of the photographic systems in different families of birds of prey are compared. First, the anatomy structure of the periphery is described, including the eyeball and lens, by which the basic differences between birds of prey and other avian are analyzed. Then the visual information processing pathway and the optic center are introduced and the special color perception, double fovea and unusual visual acuity of the birds of prey are elaborated. Finally, the current research methods, existing problems and future trends are discussed.

Recent advances on blind vision

LI Xiaodong, JIN Xin, ZHOU Bin, ZOU Dongqing, SUN Hongbo, LIU Zhenzhong
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 68-74. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.008
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Abstract ( 448 )
With the rapid development of multimedia technology and the Internet, privacy protection of multimedia data is facing more and more challenges. The widespread application of cloud computing and big data, on the other hand, has further exacerbated people's concerns about privacy security. However, multiparty computation, homomorphic cryptography, functional encryption and other cryptographic techniques have made possible the blind computation of data under ciphertext. In particular, visual blind computing is to detect, identify, search, and deal with data without touching their original contents such as images and videos. As a new direction in the combination of computer vision and cryptography, it has a wide range of applications in video monitor, multimedia data sharing, cloud computing, mobile computing and other fields. This paper reviews the development history of visual blind computing technology, summaries the key technologies for video monitor, face detection, face recognition, face retrieval, machine learning and so on, and looks into the development trend of visual blind computing technology.

Analysis on AI R/D policies of developed countries and the suggestion for China

YU Hanchao, LIU Huihui, WEI Xiu, YU Jiang
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 75-82. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.009
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Abstract ( 1498 )
Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a driving force for the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation. The developed countries in the world have raised the research and development of artificial intelligence to the national strategic level, and issued their relevant strategies and policies in time. In this paper we try to analyze the AI policies of the United States, England, France, Germany, the European Union, and Japan. Then we talk about the AI situation in China. On the basis of the AI policies and related measures of developed countries, we propose some corresponding inspirations and suggestions for the policy implementation and development of AI in China.

Deep learning application in marine big data mining

SUN Miao, FU Yu, LÜ Chongjing, JIANG Xiaoyi
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 83-90. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.010
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Abstract ( 1389 )
We introduce the development and application background of deep learning and analyze the state-of-the-art deep learning technology in related domains. The key algorithms of deep learning and their related applications in the marine field are given from the aspects of marine data reconstruction, classification, and prediction. Furthermore, we also discuss the potential problems of the deep learning application in marine big data mining. The prospect of deep learning application is discussed in terms of optimizing the mechanism, strengthening information security and intensifying algorithm robustness.

Application of T-S fuzzy neural network to intelligent diagnosis of coronary heart disease

LIU Ming, NIE Lei, ZHOU Zhiqian
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 91-96. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.011
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Abstract ( 357 )
Coronary heart disease is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, the incidence and mortality of coronary heart disease in China have increased year by year. Accurate diagnosis and timely treatment are the main measures to effectively reduce the mortality of coronary heart disease. With the help of the fuzzy system theory and by adding a fuzzy layer and fuzzy rule calculation layer to the structure of a traditional BP neural network, a T-S fuzzy neural network model is established in this paper. Using this model, the 297 data sets of coronary heart disease collected from the Cleveland Clinic are analyzed for diagnostic prediction. The average accuracy of the fuzzy neural network model reaches 82.93%, which is higher than 75.56%, the average accuracy of the traditional BP neural network in intelligent diagnosis of coronary heart disease.

Intelligent robot + artificial intelligence in innovation and entrepreneurship: Thoughts and suggestions

WANG Tianmiao, TAO Yong
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 97-101. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.012
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Abstract ( 496 )
Intelligent machine that combines artificial intelligence and robotic technology is expected to be a breakthrough in innovation and entrepreneurship. Intelligent machines will change people's lives in all areas such as intelligent manufacturing, military-civilian integration, medical rehabilitation, intelligent cars, smart homes, consumer entertainment and so on. At the same time, the integration of "Internet of Things + Big Terminal"is expected to have an important impact on China's science and technology and industrial transformation. The three key elements, i.e., the national policy power, the innovation power of knowledge, and the catalytic power of capital, will play important roles in the field of intelligent robotic innovation and entrepreneurship. Since the innovation and entrepreneurship of robotics and artificial intelligence and the application of its product are extremely important, it is necessary to clearly define the positioning and development goals for G (government), B (commercial company) and C (consumer), respectively.

Development problems and prospects of artificial intelligence education

HUANG Lu, ZHENG Yonghe
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 102-105. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.013
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Abstract ( 897 )
Artificial intelligence is promoting education reform and innovation at an unprecedented speed, and the artificial intelligence education faces enormous opportunities and challenges. On the basis of reviewing the existing researches, this paper deeply explores the current problems of artificial intelligence education from the perspectives of education big data, artificial intelligence technology, teaching content, application scene, and faculty team. Finally, it discusses and prospects the future of the artificial intelligence education.
Articles

Intelligent construction and safe management of high filling airports in mountains

YAO Yangping, CONGYI Minxing, LUO Ting, ZHANG Xing, WANG Junbo, GENG Yi
Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 106-110. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.014
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Abstract ( 663 )
A large number of airports are under construction in mountainous areas in China, to improve the local traffic conditions. However, the construction and the management of the high filling airports, built by"cutting the mountains to fill the valleys", still face many difficulties. In order to control the quality of the high filling project, a real-time monitoring system for high filling compaction is developed by using the "Internet Plus" technology. The driverless technology makes the automated intelligent construction become a reality; In order to control the settlement after the construction, a safety monitoring system in the whole life cycle is established, which can predict the long-term deformation and issue disaster warnings in advance. In order to deal with the increased water content of the shallow soils under the airport runway, known as the pot effect, both laboratory and field experiments are conducted to trace the causes. Meanwhile, an effective engineering measure is proposed to reduce the pot effect by laying the insulating layer below the position where the soil temperature is around 0℃.
Science and Technology Humanities

Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 111-112. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2018.17.015
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Abstract ( 667 )
Scientific Community

Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 6-6.
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Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 6-6.
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Abstract ( 328 )

Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 6-7.
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Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 7-7.
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Abstract ( 292 )

Science & Technology Review. 2018, 36 (17): 7-7.
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