Particle physics is an important branch of modern physics, as well as one of the landmark achievements of human civilization. From 1955 to 1995, about one-third of the Nobel Prizes in Physics were awarded to the theoretical or experimental research related to particle physics; studying its history can help to truly understand the discipline. Chronologically, the development of particle physics can be roughly divided into four stages:the preliminary exploration period, theoretical maturity period, experimental verification period and continuous improvement period. The initial exploration period (1930-1951) was the initial stage of particle physics, the discipline gradually moving from nuclear physics to independence. The theoretical maturity stage (1952-1967) was the construction stage of the theoretical system of particle physics, paving the way for further experimental verification. The experimental verification period (1968-1985) was the preliminary completion stage of particle physics, and the theoretical system represented by the Standard Model was fully verified. The continued perfection period (1986-present) is the stage of continued development of particle physics, mankind being closer than ever to a new physics beyond the standard model.

Based on the analysis of the co-construction and sharing status and problems of the Yangtze River Delta large scale scientific facilities, the following countermeasures and suggestions are proposed. Establishing the Yangtze River Delta large scale scientific facilities planning and construction coordination mechanism so as to avoid duplication of construction in the Yangtze River Delta region; establishing the Yangtze River Delta scientific facilities construction fund support mechanism so as to support the research and development of large scale scientific facilities; setting up a scientific research funding guarantee mechanism for sharing large scale scientific facilities and accepting users' applications for using the research facilities; establishing the user participation mechanism and considering the opening and sharing of operation in the planning and design stages; establishing a development and sharing mechanism for global scientific researchers and institutions to promote original innovation; perfecting the assessment and evaluation mechanism, which is not only in line with China's national conditions but also in line with international standards.

The changes in the fields of education, business administration, transportation, science and technology innovation, logistics and supply chain management, etc. caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in the post-epidemic era are reviewed in this paper, with research topics such as China's management of medical and health institutions, public health emergency governance, community governance, and national governance being emphasized. The "resilient governance" which is more flexible and resilient has become the common choice both at the national governance level under the background of globalizaiton and at the emergency of public health governance level which pays more attention on the community governance. At the same time, building an institutional coordination and collaboration mechanism that is more adaptable to the post-epidemic era is also a major challenge to future governance. Based on the above analysis, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the vague definition of the concept of "post-epidemic era", and discusses the current problems of inadequate use of research methods, inadequate research design, and separation of theoretical and practical values of the research. Finally, from the perspective of restructuring, the future governance concepts and governance models in the post-epidemic era are prospected.

We define the concept and analyze the connotation of the post-pandemic era by reviewing the recent foreign research on social impacts, risk prevention and control, and emergency management in the post-pandemic era. The current state of foreign research in the post-pandemic era is outlined, and the progress of foreign research on social impacts like urban planning and travel patterns, as well as core issues like risk prevention and control and emergency management in the post-pandemic era is analyzed in detail. The characteristics and shortcomings of existing research are summarized and future research in the postpandemic era is also forecasted. COVID-19 has had a huge impact on how people socialize, travel, and work, as well as changing industry trends, technical advancements, and social governance. Uncertainty is the most significant risk feature of the post-pandemic era, and the coupling of numerous hazards poses a new set of challenges to emergency management practices.

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) pandemic spreads across borders with the frequent global population movement. To explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on China's domestic epidemic prevention and control, based on the classical infectious disease dynamics model this paper proposes an infectious disease model that considers oversea imported cases. The model can simulate three situations:national pandemic without imported cases, no domestic cases with only imported cases, and domestic cases with international travellers entering simultaneously. By calculating the peak case number and range of infection spread duration in these situations, as well as the amount of medical resources invested, the model has shown the different results of impact of entry type on the domestic pandemic and different pressures on medical resources. Finally, the paper suggests that testing measures should be taken according to the degree of pandemic risk and resource conditions, that strict prevention and control should be applied to the people not entering through customs, and closed-loop management to the people entering through customs, that entry quarantine measures and quarantine periods should be dynamically adjusted and international exchanges should be gradually resumed in the context of ensuring domestic and overseas epidemic prevention and control in advance, and that it is necessary to integrate medical resources, improve allocation efficiency, and relieve the pressure of resource occupation.

The purpose of this study is to explore the optimal regional epidemic isolation pattern by optimizing the locations of emergency resource centers. To aim at minimizing the distance, a genetic algorithm is used to obtain the global distances under isolation patterns by administrative division, k-means clustering and grid partition, respectively. The results show that the global distance of the isolation by administrative division is the longest while the global distance of the isolation by k-means clustering is the shortest. Under the isolation by the k-means clustering or the grid partition, the global distance can be shortened if there are more partitions. During the epidemic isolation, emergency resource centers in the central or on the edge of an area should be constructed differently. Emergency demand points on the edge of an administrative district should be divided by the nearest distance. There could be delicacy partitions within the isolated areas for better management.

Under the background of COVID-19 epidemic, the domestic quarantine policy has led to a surge in demand for fresh supplies in the community. The insufficiency of resuming work has led to the limited distribution capacity of fresh food enterprises, and the transportation of fresh materials has faced more challenges. Based on the distribution time limit of fresh food enterprises, considering the preservation time of fresh supplies and the protection time of epidemic prevention supplies, this paper takes the community where consumers are located as the demand point and builds up an optimization model for the transportation path of fresh supplies under the background of pandemic. According to the model, a genetic algorithm is designed to solve the problem quickly. On the premise of completing the distribution task, an optimal transportation plan is obtained so as to minimize the enterprise's distribution cost. At the same time, changes of the number of vehicles required under different demand conditions are analyzed and it is shown that the number of vehicles required does not increase with the demand.

This paper constructs an index system for evaluating the efficiency of COVID-19 sporadic outbreak prevention and control from three dimensions (epidemic prevention and control, epidemic traceability, and epidemic background) and with nine sub-indicators (pidemic duration, confirmed cases, detection route, mobile population management policy, flow investigation and tracing, nucleic acid detection, etc.) This evaluation index system is used to calculate and evaluate the control of epidemic in all the 32 regions of Chian since June 1, 2020 to June 1, 2021. Results show that there were significant differences in the efficiency of epidemic prevention and control among these regions, that the intensity of prevention and control measures did not match the severity of the epidemic, and that the management policies for mobile populations across regions lacked a unified yet scientific basis. Based on these, certain epidemic prevention and control management optimization suggestions are presented.

This article discusses the balance between public health and personal information protection, and explores the path suitable for China's disclosure of pandemic-related personal information by means of analyzing the relevent rules and practices of other countries and regions and reviewing China's current laws and regulations governing the disclosure of pandemic-related personal information in pandemic emergency management. The article points out that provisions on disclosure of personal information should be added to emergency regulations. On the other hand, the contents of personal information to be disclosed should be detailed in accordance with the Personal Information Protection Law. The emphasis should be placed on the disclosure of personal information by the State on the basis of minimum scope principle, and on the protection of citizens' right to know under the principles of openness and transparency.

The imperfect supervision system has been one of the reasons for the severe problems of agricultural and rural ecological environment. To modernize the agricultural and rural ecological environment supervision system is of great significance for China's ecological civilization construction. According to the focuses of agricultural and rural ecological environment supervision, the paper systematically sorts out the division responsibilities, historical evolution, supervision content, existing problems of its monitoring system, and law enforcement system. Based on this, a modern framework of agricultural and rural ecological environment supervision system is proposed, which includes monitoring system, management system, law enforcement system, supervision system, and self-governance system of villagers. The main construction tasks promoting the modernization of the regulatory system involve the following aspects:determining the boundary of management rights and responsibilities and improving the management system, delimiting the division of monitoring work and building a monitoring network, building a comprehensive law enforcement agency and grid system, supervising the performance of enterprises and government duties, strengthening autonomy, and establishing internal constraints of villagers.

Based on the dynamic grid technology of ANSYS finite element simulation platform, a three-dimensional finite element model of augmented electromagnetic driving device is established. The model's reliability is verified using the spatial magnetic field distribution near the augmented electromagnetic driving device under the 440 kA launch condition. Simulation study with the model is performed and the distribution law of the magnetic field on the central axis of the inner bore of the augmented electromagnetic driving device and the attenuation law of the radial magnetic field of the electromagnetic driving device in space are obtained. It is shown that at the peak of the current, the magnetic induction intensity at the front end of armature first increases and then tends to remain unchanged with the increase of the distance. In the model it is assumed that the maximum magnetic field at the front end of the armature is between 2.3~3.3 T.

Based on the survey data of meteorological service in highway transportation industry in 2019, the demand and supply characteristics of meteorological service in highway traffic and the satisfaction index of users are analyzed. According to the results, more than 60% of experts believed that fog, rainfall and snowfall were the most important meteorological elements for highway transportation, but the demand varied with different production links. For service products, the demand for early warning, forecasting, monitoring and impact assessment decreased successively, but all of them exceeded 95%. The meteorological department basically met the demand except for the insufficient supply capacity of impact assessment. However, there was a slight redundancy in the timeliness of product provision and element categories (temperature and strong wind). Mobile client and sharing platform were the most popular channels for users to obtain service products. Although the channels provided by meteorological departments were diversified, they still gave priority to traditional ways such as website, telephone and email. The comprehensive satisfaction score of experts on meteorological service information was 89.4, in which the national score of integrity, timeliness and accuracy decreased in turn. The satisfaction evaluation result of highway operation link was the highest and that of private enterprise was the lowest.