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   Science & Technology Review
2023, Vol.41, No. 6
28 March 2023

Reviews

Foreword
Papers
Special to S&T Review
Exclusive:Domestic Replacement Promotes Scientific and Technological Security
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Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 0-0.
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Abstract ( 119 )
Foreword

Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 1-2.
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Abstract ( 227 )
Special to S&T Review

Characteristics, analysis framework and implementation path of the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide

YOU Guangrong, JIANG Jinli
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 6-12. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.001
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Abstract ( 213 )
This paper reviews the evolution process of the concept of the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide, analyzes its essential characteristics, and discusses the inheritance, development and innovation of the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide from the former one in multiple dimensions. Then, it expounds the situations and new requirement of implementing the new system. Using the theory of national innovation system, this paper puts forward the analysis framework of perfecting the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide. Finally, it explores the implementing path based on the analysis framework and current reality.
Exclusive:Domestic Replacement Promotes Scientific and Technological Security

Main obstacle and breakthrough path of domestic substitution and application of high-end equipment

WANG Chang, HE Qi, ZHOU Yifang
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 13-20. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.002
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Abstract ( 257 )
High-end equipment manufacturing is an important support for national economy and national defense construction, and it is also the core engine and key point for China to win the right of international discourse and promote industrial transformation and upgrading. This paper analyzes the internal logic and identifies key obstacles of substitution adoption the high-end equipment made in China, and then discusses the breakthrough path based on practical cases, which are main and distribution cooperation, demand traction, demonstration leading and ecological integration. It also puts forward some policy suggestions in terms of promoting the synergy of upstream and downstream of the industrial chain, optimizing the application ecology of domestic high-end equipment and strengthening the pilot demonstration of domestic high-end equipment.

Present situation, international experience and suggestions of key strategic materials domestic substitution in China

YAO Hailin, ZHU Meiling, TAN Shuyao
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 21-33. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.003
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Abstract ( 273 )
Currently, key strategic materials of China are partly subject to control by other countries, facing the dilemma of "choking". Domestic substitution of key strategic materials is in urgent need of further breakthrough. This paper systematically analyzes the present situation and existing problems of domestic substitution in the field of key strategic materials. Further, the breakthrough points of key strategic materials domestic substitution are discussed by analyzing the process and industrial characteristics. On this basis, the bottleneck problems faced by key strategic materials domestic substitution at the present stage and the key capabilities that need to be built urgently are analyzed. Finally, based on the common innovation experience of material powers such as the United States, the European Union and Japan, strategic measures and policy suggestions are put forward from the perspective of technological innovation systems to promote domestic substitution of key strategic materials.

Industrial software innovation breakthrough path and incentive mechanism for domestic replacement

ZHOU Xiongwei, XIAO Yonglong, YANG Xinhao
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 34-46. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.004
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Abstract ( 355 )
The realization of domestic replacement of industrial software is the key to the transformation of China's industrial system to high-end and intelligent. In response to the U. S. suppression of China's industrial software development, and to explore the road of domestic replacement of industrial software, this paper compiles the development status and the degree of domestic substitution for four types of industrial software: R&D design software, production control software, business management software and embedded software, and analyzes the problems of the various types of domestic industrial software from the aspects of“have”and“use”. It also reviews and summarizes the development history and learning experience of the world's industrial software powerhouses such as the United States, Germany and France. Focusing on the two aspects of "have" and "use", the paper proposes countermeasures to design innovation breakthrough path and build application incentive mechanism respectively. Finally, this paper systematically proposes multi-faceted policy recommendations for the replacement of industrial software.

Analysis of the modernization development path of the integrated circuit industry chain in Yangtze River Delta

LIU Yingxia, CUAN Qian, TONG Leilei, CHEN Daming, YANG Lu
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 47-54. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.005
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Abstract ( 134 )
At present, the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial change is accelerating the evolution. The Yangtze River Delta has obvious advantages in science and technology innovation, regional talents, science and technology, and manufacturing industry. Moreover, The Yangtze River Delta also possess a number of innovation communities and industrial clusters with strong international competitiveness whose industry and supply chain is relatively complete, and market potential is huge, which has the foundation and advantages to construct and develop the modernization of IC industry chain. This paper focuses on the modernization development of the IC industry chain and the improvement of the competitiveness of the IC industry in Yangtze River Delta. Firstly, we analyze the current situation of the development modernization of the IC industry chain, and put forward the problems faced by the IC industry chain in the Yangtze River Delta through the pattern of the current situation of the industry. To sum up, we pointed out the modernization development path of the IC industry chain in Yangtze River Delta from four aspects: strengthening key core technologies, optimizing the division of labor and collaboration of the industry chain, relying on leading enterprises to lead the synergistic development of the whole industry chain, and accelerating the attraction of high-end talents.

Science and technology security status and governance suggestions in chip field

ZHAO Rongjie, FANG Chao
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 55-61. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.006
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Abstract ( 226 )
The integrated circuit industry has become the key field and important means of great power competitions, for its fundamental, strategic and leading role. By summarizing and sorting out the development status of China's integrated circuit industry, and analyzing the development difficulties faced by China in the chip field, it is found that China not only has weak basic development, lack of innovation and other weaknesses in the chip field, but also has incomplete industrial ecology, and also faces the increasing export control policies of the United States. In view of the current situation of these problems, based on the present status of the chip field, we put forward some suggestions on giving consideration to the key points, multi-point layout, giving full play to the advantages of the new national system, strengthening basic research and innovation, and warning science and technology security.

Development safety and enlightenment of China's automotive smart sensor industry under the background of autonomous driving

MI Shu, XUE Ying, FANG Chao
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 62-67. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.007
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Abstract ( 121 )
As the key hardware of the autonomous driving perception layer, the vehicle-mounted intelligent sensor is not only related to the military unmanned ground vehicle system but also related to the automatic driving technology of civilian vehicles, which seriously affects the national defense security and industrialization development of China. In recent years, the United States has issued export control measures related to chips and software, which have seriously affected the development and safety of China's automotive smart sensor industry. At present, autonomous driving is in the transition stage from L2 to L3. Grasping this technological transition period may enable China to achieve corner overtaking and break the monopoly position of European and American countries in the field of on-board smart sensors. This paper summarizes the development trend of vehicle-mounted smart sensors under the background of autonomous driving, analyzes in detail the major challenges that affect the development and safety of China's vehicle-mounted smart sensor industry, and puts forward relevant suggestions to deal with the safety of industrial development.

Research progress of science and technology security from the perspective of system theory

WANG Lu, ZHANG Shouming, ZHANG Bifeng, ZHANG Bin
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 68-73. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.008
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Abstract ( 153 )
In order to explore the present situation and development trend of science and technology security research, this paper makes comprehensive analysis and comment on the research of science and technology security at home and abroad from the elements, structure, function and external environment of science and technology security based on system theory. The research shows that science and technology security has strong integrity, hierarchy and linkage, and future research should focus on the governance of science and technology security, the construction of science and technology security early warning and monitoring system, the impact and evaluation of science and technology security on the overall national security.
Reviews

An overview of mixed ion-electron conducting (MIEC) perovskite oxides for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) cathode materials and relevant research in 2022

YU Yu, LI Ming, CHEN George Zheng
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 74-88. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.009
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Abstract ( 212 )
This article offers a brief introduction of mixed ion-electron conducting (MIEC) perovskite oxides for applications as the cathode material of solid oxide fuel cells, including basic working principle, material synthesis and processing approaches, and electrical and electrochemical characterisation techniques. An overview of the relevant research in 2022 is also presented, mainly focusing on (1) MIEC perovskite oxide surface engineering; (2) new MIEC perovskite oxides with improved stability and high catalytic activity towards oxygen reduction reaction; (3) synthesis and fabrication technique developments.

Technical research status and application progress of cable-driven parallel mechanism

WEI Huiling, LUO Lufeng, LU Qinghua, CHEN Weilin, WANG Jinhai
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 89-107. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.010
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Abstract ( 226 )
The cable-driven parallel mechanism is a type of parallel robot that uses flexible cables instead of rigid links as the driving element. It has the advantages of fast movement speed, large carrying capacity, small chain inertia, large workspace and good environmental adaptability. It provides new ideas and means for solving engineering problems. Therefore, it has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of international parallel mechanisms in recent years. This article introduces the characteristics of the cable-driven parallel mechanism, and summarizes the technical research status and engineering application progress of the cable-driven parallel mechanism from the fields of material handling, astronomical observation, wind tunnel test, high-speed camera, motion simulation, limb rehabilitation, surgery, three-dimensional printing, etc. Then the development trends of cable-driven parallel mechanism are discussed.

Development trend of drill string optimal configuration in myriametre scientific drilling

YIN Hao, LIANG Jian, SUN Jianhua, LIANG Nan
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 108-120. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.011
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Abstract ( 124 )
Scientific ultra deep well is an important part of energy development strategy and the "transparent earth" project in China. As a key part of scientific ultra deep well, the drill string provides a guarantee for the safe and successful implementation of deep exploration engineering with its optimized configuration. Aiming at scientific selection of drill string for the demand of myriametre drilling depth, and considering the overall strength, sealing performance and continuous stability of drill string in use, this paper discusses seven key technologies based on analysis of technical challenges faced by the drill string in ultra deep well, such as pipe technology of high strength-to-weight ratio, composite drill string technology, joint optimization technology, drill pipe manufacturing technology, coating protection technology, dynamic analysis and intelligent drill string,and proposes the optimized configuration solution of drill string for myriametre scientific drilling. At the same time, the development trend of drill string is analyzed. It defines the research direction of the drill string for myriametre scientific well.

SPARC Phase II: Focusing on the vagus nerve

XIN Chen, RONG Peijing, LI Shaoyuan, WANG Yu, CHEN Yu, CHEN Jiande, WEI Wei, CONG Bin
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 121-126. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.012
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Abstract ( 300 )
"Stimulating Peripheral Activity to Relieve Conditions" program (SPARC), which was initiated by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 2016, has been proceed to the next stage in 2022. Compared with the first stage, which focused on the peripheral nervous system as a whole, the most important feature of the SPARC Phase II is its focus on the vagus nerve. This paper explores the reasons for the focus of Phase II by sorting out the current status of the clinical application of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), the vagus nerve and inflammatory reflexes, and the vagus nerve and the introception system. More importantly, the identification and study paradigm of vagal sensory neurons is enlightening and informative to reveal the mechanism of acupuncture acting on the body's surface and visceral organs.
Papers

Study on the influencing factors of international trade of grain virtual cultivated land resources in China

CAO Chong, XIE Wenbao, YUAN Guojun
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 127-137. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.013
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Abstract ( 112 )
Based on the cross-border panel data of China and 18 grain trading partner countries from 2002 to 2020, the factors affecting the international trade of grain virtual cultivated land resources in China were empirically tested using international trade theory and extended gravity model. The results show that agricultural labor resource endowment, population size, absolute difference of per capita income (not significant) , exchange rate, distance and WTO have promoting effects on international trade of grain virtual cultivated land resources in China. However, agricultural land resource endowment, water resource endowment, technical level (not significant) , agricultural industry scale gap, economic development level difference, market price level and “Belt and Road”initiative have negative effects on the flow of virtual cultivated land resource. Finally, the empirical test results provide the policy implications.

Overseas impression analysis of made-in-China based on NOW corpus

LIU Jian
Science & Technology Review. 2023, 41 (6): 138-144. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2023.06.014
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Abstract ( 145 )
This article, based on the analysis of NOW corpus, analyzes the comments of overseas media and users on "made-in-China" products, focusing on the semantic prosody, regions and diachronic changes of the comments. The results indicate that the countries having close economic relations with China offer higher frequency of comments on "made-in-China" products, and the trade war between US and China raises more overseas concern about "made-in-China" products. Judging from NOW corpus, though, the overseas impression of "made-in-China" has been improved significantly, the customers comments in English-speaking countries on "made-in-China" products are generally negative, and "made-in-China" has not shaken off completely its label of "being cheap but of low quality". For Chinese enterprises, in the international market there is still a long way to go in building brands and improving the impression of "made-in-China".

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