10 August 2004, Volume 22 Issue 0408

    

复杂性科学研究专题
论文
复杂性科学研究专题
论文
基础科学
论文
工程技术
科研管理
论文
资源环境
论文
资源环境
论文
教育

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复杂性科学研究专题
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  FROM SWARM TO SOCIAL BEHAVIOR CONTROL

  CHENG Dai-zhan;CHEN Han-Fu

  . 2004, 22(0408): 4-7.

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  Swarm behavior is a key issue in the current investigation of complexity. It have been studied by many biologists and physicists. Using artificial life etc., it has been revealed by computer scientists that some simple moving rule of agents may cause certain optimal behaviors, which are called immergence. A challenging problem in complexity is the mathematical modeling of such swarm behaviors and its application to the control of social behavior in artificial world, such as group of robots, traffic flow, team of flights etc. The purpose of this paper is to provide a survey on the current development of the investigation on modeling of swarm behavior and its applications to the control of social behaviors.
论文
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  ECONOMIC COMPLEXITY AND ITS RELEVANT PROBLEMS

  FANG Fu-kang

  . 2004, 22(0408): 7-11.

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  In the economic complex system, there exists basic rules and mechanism. The complex economic phenomena could be actually explained with integration of some basic evolutionary modes. J process, a typical mode of non-equilibrium growth, is studied by us. By integrating J process, Solow’s growth model, Jump growth model and et al, the real growth could be explained. Referring to the approach to economic complexity and our investigation on the basic rules in complex system, several relevant fields are discussed, including ecological economics, knowledge management and the self-organization mechanism of learning process. In this paper, the newest research in these fields and the application of complexity approaches are briefly introduced.
复杂性科学研究专题
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  ON SCIENTIFIC STUDY AND COMPLEXITY

  CAO Qing-ren

  . 2004, 22(0408): 12-14.

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  The purpose of the scientific study is to acquire the truthful knowledge of the world. But complexity is related to the scientific study at all times, and the purpose of the scientific study may be regarded as a study the simple rules of the complex world. The complexity study springing up in the 1980s takes the complexity as the research object, aiming to establish the complexity science describing the complex real world. After reviewing the scientific study, this paper discusses the relationship between the scientific study and complexity, clarifies the meanings of complexity, and explores the complexity study and its scientific nature.
论文
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  COMPLEXITY AND PERSISTENT PREVENTION OF FIRE DISASTERS

  SONG Wei-guo WANG Jian

  . 2004, 22(0408): 15-18.

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  Fire system, which is composed of fire and its effect factors, is a complex system. In this paper, the recent studies on fire complexity are introduced. The frequency-size distribution of forest fire satisfies a power law relation that is invariant with time and system size. Actual forest fire data accords well with the simulation and calculation results of the forest-fire model, indicating that the forest fire system is a self-organized critical system. If more effect factors such as precipitation and forest scale are considered, the forest-fire model gets better accordance with actual forest fire data. The city fire data is also found satisfying power-law relation invariant with system size and time. A steady power-law relation has practical implications. The future fire distribution can be forecasted by enough historical fire data, the occurrence probabilities of large fires can be calculated by those of small fires, and the forest-fire model can be used to assess the long-term performance of fire protection policies.
基础科学
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  IN REPLY TO THE PAPER TITLED"DISCUSSION ON CALCULATION OF HYDROGEN MOLECULE STRUCTURE BYCLASSICAL STATIC MECHANICS"

  CHEN Jing

  . 2004, 22(0408): 18-20.

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  In this paper, the author indicated that Mr. Zhang Wushou misconstrued the author’s hydrogen molecule structure model, and therefore in his paper, those discussion, deduction of formulas and calculation results were all false.
论文
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  TRENDS AND FRONTIER OF HIGH-ENERGY PHYSICS IN A NEW ERA OF SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY

  TAN Zong-ying

  . 2004, 22(0408): 21-24.

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  Based on document surveys, research programs regarding high-energy physics in the world are introduced briefly in the first part. Then, the article summarizes accelerator-based road map for the high-energy physics, and focal fields of international R&D co-operation regarding high-energy physics in Asia, Europe and America. Finally, research trends for high-energy physics are analysed.
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  THE CHALLENGE AND JUSTIFICATION OF QUANTUM THEORIES:THE CRITICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BELL’S THEOREM

  GUO Wei-ming

  . 2004, 22(0408): 25-27.

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  The debates between Einstein and Bohr demonstrate the different ways to interpretate the world. They were exploring the actions of quantum from both sides of reality. Local hidden variable theories, derived from the ideas of Einstein ,are in danger of falsification. Now with the advance in the physics ,especially in the experimental techniques, modern physics opts for standard quantum theories.
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  CRITICAL BETWEEN SCOUR AND SILTATION FOR FLOOD SEASONS IN THE LOWER YELLOW RIVER

  LIANG Zhi-yong;LIU Ji-xiang;ZHANG Hou-jun

  . 2004, 22(0408): 27-29.

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  The channel bed of the lower Yellow River changes tremendously during flood seasons because of great sediment. Critical conditions between scour and siltation are distinct in different river reaches. The paper summarized previous researches on the critical conditions for the lower Yellow River, analyzed statistically the hydrological data of 422 floods from 1960 to 1999 and set up critical equations for the 4 river reaches. The critical relations between flow discharges and sediment concentration for the 4 river reaches are shown as Fig.4, which indicates that the river channel would be scoured when flow is relatively clear, and filled when flow is relatively muddy. These relations may be used in the regulation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir in order to mitigate sedimentation for the lower Yellow River.
工程技术
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  RAIN WATER ATTEMPERING PROJECT OF THE YANGTSE RIVER VALLEY

  YANG Da-yuan;REN Xue-mei;REN Zhao-xia

  . 2004, 22(0408): 30-32.

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  Rain Attempering Project means making use of rain water designedly. The key of this project is looking for space to reserve the rain water and change the time and space distribution of rain. There is seasonal odds in precipitation of China. It makes great seasonal changes of runoff and water level in rivers and lakes. We can realize rain attempering and make good use of fresh water resources by expanding the reserving space of water and increasing the resting time of rain water in distributaries.
科研管理
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  A STUDY ON RELATIONSHIP OF INTERNATIONAL ALLIANCE FOR LARGE-SCALE R&D PROJECTS

  MENG Fan-chen;SUN Feng-chun

  . 2004, 22(0408): 32-36.

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  Since the 1980’s, international strategic alliance has become a very popular form for co-operation between firms. Because of the complexity of technologies and the interdisciplinary fields, it is used more often in the large-scale R&D projects. In this paper, the author summarized the factors and forms of international alliance of large-scale R&D projects in foreign countries, argued the importance of international alliance for large-scale R&D projects in China.
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  ON CONVERGENCE OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND LEARNING ORGANIZATION

  WU Yan;CAO Wei-ping

  . 2004, 22(0408): 36-38.

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  Through a deep comparison between the two theories, we point out that Knowledge Management and Learning Organization have something in common and that they differ from each other in theoretical hypothesis, model of motive force, style of management and course of development. Thus, we put forward an idea to converge the two theories, from which we have gained some enlightenment.
论文
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  STRATEGIC ALIGNMENT:A NEW APPROACH TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT

  ZHAO Kun;ZHAO Ming-jian;HUANG Li-hua

  . 2004, 22(0408): 39-41.

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  The strategic role of information technology (IT) in business management has greatly enriched the content of IT management. Focused on the reciprocal influences between business strategy and IT strategy, strategic alignment opens a research field to look for the new approaches to use IT for competitive advantage more efficiently. Based on the discussions of the implication, signification and theoretic foundation for strategic alignment, this paper suggests a management framework for business enterprises to use IT for the alignment of business strategy and IT stragegy.
资源环境
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  THE IMPROVED PROJECTS CONSIDERING COMPLICATED TERRAIN CONDITIONS USED TO ANALYZE SPATIAL INTERPOLATION OF CLIMATIC VARIABLES

  XUE Gen-yuan;ZHOU Suo-quan;YU Yue-hui;LIANG Xu;GONG Peng

  . 2004, 22(0408): 42-46.

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  Based on the Gauss weighted interpolation, in this paper, an improved project considering terrain factors has been brought forward, at the same time, with the correction project performed by Barnes, the corresponding error correction project and stepwise correction project have been given and the ground temperature field has been obtained. The analyzed results show that it is a concise,precise project and well fitted with terrain spatial interpolation project of temperature under complicated terrain conditions. For eliminating the effect on precipitation from terrains, the project that all the elements concerned with the interpolation are unified on the same height and the terrain characteristics are taken into account has been put forward, which also displays a better effect. Furthermore, the results analyzed spatially of the climatic elements under the different special resolution have been investigated , which denotes that the resolution of 4km is the most suitable for the research on the hydrologic processes of the Changjiang River drainage area and is prone to coupling with the regional climatic model.
论文
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  VARIATION OF DRY-WET CLIMATE AND SEVERE DROUGHT EVENTS AS REVEALED IN THE CLIMATE RECORDS OF CHINA OVER THE PAST 1 000 YEARS

  ZHANG De-er

  . 2004, 22(0408): 47-49.

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  Based on the historical climate records of China, the study reveals that quasi periodicity is the basic feature of regional dry-wet climate happening in the eastern part over the past 1000 years; difference in the phase of major periods on dry-wet between the north and south of eastern China is displayed in the time-dependent pattern of rainfall, i.e., a drought in the north and a flood in the south and v.v.; multiple abrupt appearances of dry and wet climate on decadal and century scales occurred in the last 1000 years, exerting great impacts on agriculture; discovered large-scale severe droughts each lasted > 3 years, analysis shows that many of the drought events were more severe than what has been recorded in the recent 50 years, a time interval that is more acceptable compared to other periods in the past 1000 years. Obviously, we should be alert to future climate abrupt change and major disastrous situation.
资源环境
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  PRESERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF NATURE PROTECTION ZONE SEEN FROM CURRENT PROTECTION SITUATION OF RED IBIS

  OUYANG Zhi-yuan

  . 2004, 22(0408): 50-52.

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  Through the analysis on the current situation of protection of red ibis,the author points out that in today’s market economy,on the one hand, the nature preservation zone is placed in difficult circumstances due to lack of funds,on the other hand,consumer demand turns to leisure,so ecotourism development is imperative and will become a new hot spot of economy growth. But if the operation is not careful,ecological protective screen will be destroyed someday. Therefore, we ought to make a prompt decision.We must tighten up management and increase necessary input. Universities should take an active part in the activity of increasing scientific and technical input of the nature protection zone.
论文
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  CAUSALITY RELATION BETWEEN MONETARY AND GDP IN THE MARKETED PROCESS IN CHINA

  LIU Chuan-zhe;NIE Xue-feng

  . 2004, 22(0408): 53-55.

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  The purpose of the paper is to analysis causality relation among monetary supply, GDP and price in the marketed process in China from 1993 to 2003. The method used in our study is known as Granger Causality Test. It is concluded that: (1)Monetary supply is the important causality of real GDP and price and monetary are not neutral in the long run; (2) Monetary supply is great affected by real GDP and monetary are endogenous in some way.
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  A STRATEGIC STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF POPULAR SCIENCE IN CHINA

  LAO Han-sheng

  . 2004, 22(0408): 55-59.

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  The article divides the popular science industry into three different fields based on definition, namely, public good, standard public good and commerce business. It describes in detail the ten steps in the development of the popular science industry including two different models of micro and macro cosmic science. In addition, it also gives 18 suggestions on the industrialization of popular science.
教育
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  INFLUENCES OF INFORMAL GROUPS IN THE MERGED UNIVERSITIES AND THEIR MANAGEMENT

  ZHANG An-fu;SHEN Hong

  . 2004, 22(0408): 60-62.

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  There is a dual purpose that informal groups have influences on the mergence of combining universities. There is a possibility to weaken structure relationship of the formal groups, to influence realization of the mergence targets, and to cause unhealthy tendency, but there is also another possibility to increase a satisfaction of the group numbers in the psychology and emotion, to strengthen communication and feedback of information, and to make up for the functional shortage of formal groups in the merged universities. The positive effect of the informal groups should be brought into full play while their negative influences should be inhibited.