28 March 2019, Volume 37 Issue 6
    

Think Tank
Scientifc Comments
Exclusive: Intelligent Transport
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    Think Tank
  • China's policy on older people and towards a new framework of supporting aging-in-place in the e-society
    WANG Bo, Becky P Y LOO, CAO Yanqin, ZHEN Feng
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 6-12. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.001
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    The aging is a worldwide issue with great impacts on various aspects of society. In China, the portion of the population older than 65 years old surpassed 7.0% in 2001. In 2016, the figure reached 10.1%. Improving the living quality of the older population is imperative on the Government's agenda. This paper first provides an overview of China's policy on older people since the 1980s. With the emergence of the e-society and the ubiquitous availability of information and communication technology (ICT), the opportunities of using ICT to better support the aging-in-place are enormous. Against this background, this paper proposes a smart system of supporting the family-based and community-based aging-in-place through the development of an information and service e-platform for older people (virtual space) and a transformation of the neighbourhood environment, especially in urban areas (physical space). This new holistic framework can become an integral part of China's smart city strategy.
    • Scientifc Comments
  • Ethical, legal and social implications of germline gene editing babies
    LIN Ling, ZHANG Xinqing
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 13-18. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.002
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    He Jiankui's event of genome editing infant has attracted more attention than other novel medical technologies such as IVF, human cloning, commercial surrogacy, stem cell therapy, and brain-machine interface. This paper discusses the reasons of the great influence of this event, as well as the ethical, legal and social implications of genome editing infant. This paper proposes that the applicable objects and the scopes of germline gene editing technology should be clearly defined; the state should accelerate the establishment and improvement of an ethical review and supervision system for the clinical application of novel medical technologies; and the ethical consciousness of the whole society need to be highly emphasized.
  • Do uncited patents have no value?——Analysis of the uncited patents with a high citation by papers
    GAO Jiping, WANG Haiyan, ZHAI Lihua, PAN Yuntao, WU Yishan
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 19-26. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.003
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    In the scientometrics, un-cited means low value or no value. Do un-cited patents have no value? In this paper, based on the quantitative analysis of papers and their citations in the Chinese Scientific and Technical Information of China from 2009 to 2011, we find a large number of patents were cited by the journal papers, or even with high citations. Then taking a "uncited patent" CN 01134280.3 with its 10 citing papers as an example, we analyze their contents from the cloud mapping to represent its influenced research topics and studies its industrial applications from literature research. Finally, based on Tsien Hsue-shen's theory about "basic science-technical science and engineering science", the paper analyzes the uncited paper with a high citation by the patents and the uncited patents with a high citation by the papers.
    • Exclusive: Intelligent Transport
  • Progress of intelligent transportation system key technologies
    LU Huapu
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 27-35. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.004
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Firstly, this paper summaries and analyzes the present development of intelligent transportation systems from two aspects:urban ITS and new technologies. Then, the prospective discussions are given for the traffic big data platform, the video technology, the AI technology, the traffic control technology, the vehicle-road coordination, the urban traffic brain and the non-contact technology. Finally, the key directions and some suggestions for the development of the intelligent transportation in the future are put forward.
  • Research and development focus of international intelligent transport system
    WANG Xiaojing, ZHANG Jisheng, SONG Xianghui, WANG Lin
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 36-43. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.005
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    Intelligent Transportation system (ITS) is one of the leading edges of the modern transportation technology. It has been developed for more than 20 years since the name was officially adopted in 1994. The development of the advanced technology and the travelers' new demands have brought about different and distinctive technical directions and R & D hot spots in the ITS field. Firstly, this paper analyzes the hot spots and the dynamics of the international ITS research and development in recent years, focusing on the progress of the ITS technology and the hot areas brought by the new generation of the information technology, as well as the direction of the ITS technology and the industry development. Secondly, compared with the development of the ITS in China in recent years, the paper analyzes the similarities and differences of the development ideas at home and abroad and the enlightenment gained from the hot research and development of developed countries. Finally, some suggestions on the development of the ITS are put forward, including seeking truth from facts to treat the gap, the similarities and the differences at home and abroad, strengthening the research and development of the ITS characteristic technology, and establishing a new development model based on the market.
  • Reflections and suggestions on green transportation development in the context of new urbanization
    DAI Jifeng, ZHANG Yu, YANG Keqing
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 44-52. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.006
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    This paper reviews the green transportation development at home and abroad and the new requirements of the urbanization development., as well as challenges facing the green transportation development. Corresponding suggestions are put forward from macro, medium and micro perspectives, based on the analysis of the current development trend of the green transportation. It is suggested to focus on the differentiated characteristics of each city and each region, and to further coordinate the transportation and the land use arrangement in an all-round way in the process of the green transportation development. Additionally, the transportation structure should be fully optimized, focusing on the details, to build a transportation model dominated by the "public transportation+non-motorized transportation".
  • Present situation of wide applications of information and intelligence in the field of high-speed railway in China
    SHI Tianyun
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 53-59. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.007
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    The informatization plays a significant role in ensuring safety, improving efficiency, controlling cost and increasing benefit of high-speed railway. This paper firstly reviews the construction achievements and the present situation of the informatization construction of China high-speed railway. Moreover, the function and the key technologies of the main information system are analyzed. Then, the concept and the characteristics of the intelligent high-speed railway are discussed. Lastly, the paper analyzes the main development directions of the intelligent high-speed railway.
  • Development of intelligence in civil aviation
    XU Tao, FENG Xia
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 60-65. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.008
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    With the development of intelligence in the civil aviation in mind, this paper analyzes the key factors affecting the future development of the civil aviation, the development trend of the international civil aviation, the development of intelligence in China civil aviation and the possible measures taken by the Civil Aviation Administration of China(CAAC), as well as the goal and the vision of China civil aviation.
  • Application of big data of transportation
    YANG Qi, LIU Dongmei
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 66-72. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.009
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    With the wide applications of information and intelligence in transportation services and management, large and rich data resources are accumulated in the industry. This paper analyzes the characteristics, the types and the data volume of the transportation big data, and briefly describes the structure, the function and the application of the integrated traffic travel big data open cloud platform, and analyzes application cases in several aspects, such as the traffic big data in the traffic congestion control, the highway intelligent inspection, the passenger flow statistics and the civil aviation management. Finally, it is suggested that the transportation data are very hybrid in nature, and the processing results may involve contradictory conclusions. As the data amount increases, the influence of inaccuracy on the whole analysis conclusion becomes smaller. When the data volume is expanded, simple algorithms may be more practical.
  • Applications of traffic video big data
    ZHAO Ying, WANG Yatao, HUANG Gang
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 73-83. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.010
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    The real-time perception of the road network operation in a low-cost way is the key factor to gurantee the transportation safety and the unblocked operation. The rapid and accurate detection of traffic incidents and the collection of traffic data are often difficult. The traditional method is not visual, real-time and cost-effective. In recent years, the development of video big data and artificial intelligence provides a new way to solve these problems. This paper reviews the research history and application limitations of the intelligent video analysis in the field of transportation, as well as the characteristic connotation of video big data, the design of an artificial intelligence platform driven by video big data, and the solution and the application for highway traffic.
  • A survey of the application of reinforcement learning in urban traffic signal control methods
    LIU Yi, HE Junhong
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 84-90. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.011
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    The adaptive traffic signal control method is adopted to effectively control the traffic lights at the urban road junctions, with the rapid growth of the traffic flow in Shenzhen. Shenzhen traffic police asked for a real-time, distributed and adaptive control on the basis of the self-developed smooth signal control. Joint innovation has developed the reinforcement learning based on the deep neural network. Through online learning of various traffic loads, and the real-time reasoning, the information control period, phase, phase sequence, signal cycle, split and phase difference are calculated. This paper reviews the reinforcement learning model used in the traffic signal control, and makes an evaluation on the spot.
    • Reviews
  • Progress of the marine meteorological observation technologies
    CHEN Hongbin, LI Jun, MA Shuqing, HU Shuzhen
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 91-97. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.012
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    High impact weathers, such as torrential rain and strong wind associated with typhoons, heavy fog and severe convection occur frequently not only in the big island area but also in the economically developed coastal regions. Each year a lot of disasters including property and even life loss are caused by these severe weathers. Collection of marine weather data in real-time is essential to improving the model prediction and thus weather services in the marine and coastal areas. To this end, a variation of marine meteorological observation techniques (including satellite remote sensing, aircraft observation, buoy network, island-based stations and coastal weather radars) is required and has been developed. An overview on these techniques is presented and followed with some outlooks.
  • Circadian rhythms of honey bees
    CHEN Wenfeng, WANG Danfeng, HUANG Shaokang
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 98-103. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.013
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    The circadian rhythm, also known as the circadian clock, mainly refers to the endogenous rhythms of organism's activities. The circadian rhythm of the honey bee is socially regulated and involves many complex behavior regulations. Many studies suggest that the clock of the bee is more similar to that of mammals than to that of Drosophila. Both workers and queens show plasticity in circadian rhythms. For instance, the circadian rhythms of workers are influenced by the labor division and regulated by the direct contact with the brood; the nurse bees tend the brood around the clock with no circadian rhythms in their behavior or clock gene expression. Here, we summarize the advance of the honey bee circadian rhythm studies from the following aspects:the honey bee societies; the molecular and neuronal organizations of the honey bee circadian clock; the methods for studying the rhythms of the honey bee; the plasticity of the honey bee circadian clock; and the sleep of the honey bee.
    • Articles
  • Variations of thermospheric density during equinox and solstice
    LI Yongping, SUN Yueqiang, WANG Xinyue, FU Zhenyu
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 104-113. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.014
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    The thermospheric neutral density sees a strong variation during equinoxes and solstices due to the solar insolation variation. The long-term continual data from Chinese Atmospheric Density Detector installed on the satellite are used to study this variation, The main results of this study are that the thermospheric density has an obvious symmetry around March equinox and September equinox; the thermosphere density has an obvious asymmetry around June solstice and December solstice; the variations have an obvious hemispheric asymmetry in high latitude (around 80 degrees); the proportion of the atmospheric density is 3~3.6 times at the height of 670 km, 13 times at the height of 560 km; the latitude and the altitude contribute to this asymmetry; the comparison of the measured data and the NRLMSISE00 data shows that the NRLMSISE00 data cannot fully respond to the summer and winter hemisphere atmospheric density variations.
  • Device of travelling surface acoustic wave and its application in the field of micro-nano scales
    DONG Huijuan, WANG Jingxuan, LI Tianlong
    Science & Technology Review. 2019, 37(6): 114-128. https://doi.org/10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2019.06.015
    Abstract ( ) Download PDF ( ) HTML   Knowledge map   Save
    In recent years, as the scientific studies in the field of biology and medicine come down to micron or even nanometer scales, many manipulation methods of micro-nano fluids and particles have emerged, such as the optical drive, the magnetic drive and the chemical mode drive. The sound-driven method has been widely used in the micro-nano field due to its features of non-contact and biocompatibility, and has broad application prospects in the fields of biomedicine and diagnostics. This paper outlines the basic structure of the traveling acoustic surface waves (TSAW) generating device, the structure, the parameters, the types of the interdigital transducer (IDT) and the internal mechanism that causes the traveling surface acoustic waves. The acoustic control mechanism of the microfluidic state and the particles in the microfluids is discussed. Based on the current research status of the technology at home and abroad, the advantages of the traveling acoustic surface waves, as compared to other physical fields in the micro-nano field are analyzed. Finally, in view of the technical difficulties of the traveling acoustic surface waves applied in the micro-nano field and the problems existing in the research process, some research directions of the technology are proposed, and a reasonable prospect for the future development trend is suggested.

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