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   Science & Technology Review
2020, Vol.38, No. 22
28 November 2020


Foreword
Papers
Scientific Community
Think Tank
Scientific Comments
Review
Exclusive:application technology of virtual reality
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Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 0-0.
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Foreword

Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 1-1.
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Scientific Community

Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 6-6.
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Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 7-7.
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Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 8-8.
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Think Tank

South Korea's 5G+ strategy and the enlightenment

ZHANG Qiwen, WANG Lan, DONG Xiaojing
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 9-16. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.001
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Abstract ( 579 )
After South Korea took the lead in the 5G commercialization, in order to promote its international competitiveness in the field of information and communication technology, Korea proposed the Innovative Growth:South Korea's Strategy of 5G+ to realize the optimization and the upgrading of South Korea's industry. South Korea's Strategy of 5G+ enlightens us to promote the rationality of China's future plans for 5G and related industries. This paper reviews five strategic directions, 21 implementation paths and 39 important projects of South Korea's Strategy of 5G+, focusing on the strategic transformation, the major policies and the specific implementation plans. The Innovative Growth:South Korea's Strategy of 5G+ is different from the previous south Korean single technical support and business support, with its new industrial environment construction, the development direction of the industrial innovation, giving much food of thought for the innovation and the development in our country. In view of Korean development practice, our country should start with three levels of work:the industrial chain transformation, the industrial chain innovation convergence, and the scientific element configuration to the technological links in the future commercial and industrial optimization process of 5G to perfect 5G and 5G industry developing environment and promote the core competitiveness of national science and technology.

Application of cyber messages and information technology in the construction of public psychological service system

ZHOU Mingjie, MU Weiqi, ZHENG Rui, CHEN Xuefeng
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 17-24. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.002
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Abstract ( 430 )
The construction of a public psychological service system is an important part of the social governance. This paper focuses on the use of cyber messages and information technology to intervene and guide the emotions in the individual, organization/group and society (i.e., micro, medium, macro) levels, in the construction of the public psychological service system such as the intervention of individual mood disorders, and guiding group and social emotions. Suggestions are made on how to play the guiding role of the mainstream media, regulate the professional ethics and professional quality of social media practitioners, and standardize the ethical supervision of big data analysis.

Reform proposal for China's medical device registration inspection system

JIANG Haihong, ZHANG Jie, ZHANG Peiming
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 25-30. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.003
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Abstract ( 439 )
The registration inspection is a compulsory inspection procedure for Class II and Class III medical device products before registration and marketing. The development of China's medical device inspection service market is relatively backward, and the development of third-party inspection agencies is slow. At present, the registration and the inspection of medical devices are mainly completed by official medical device inspection institutions, with the responsibilities of the government and the enterprises being mingled, and the industry inspection demand is difficult to meet. For clarifying the relationship between the regulatory authorities and the industry enterprises, it is suggested that the current medical device registration and inspection system should be reformed by using the self inspection, the entrusted inspection and the role transformation of inspection institutions.
Exclusive:application technology of virtual reality

Application and development of AR/VR technology in human anatomy teaching and operation training

FAN Liya, MA Jieyuan, ZHANG Kefa, WU Zhiming, HUAQIAN Sangduo
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 31-40. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.004
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Abstract ( 261 )
The virtual reality technology provides a lifelike, three-dimensional, fully scenario reproducible learning environment for anatomy teaching and surgery training, with great advantages in reducing the cost of practice, improving the quality and efficiency of training, and improving the success rate of surgery. This paper analyzes a teaching system of human anatomy based on HoloLens, including the functional requirements, the selection of software and hardware platform, the key development technology and the implementation. Finally, the existing problems in the field of virtual human anatomy and surgery training are analyzed, and the future development direction is suggested.

Applications of VR technology in virtual library

LANG Zhenhong
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 41-49. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.005
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Abstract ( 266 )
Based on the related databases at home and abroad, this paper reviews the construction and the applications of the virtual reality(VR) technology in the virtual library at home and abroad from the aspects of the virtual scene, the virtual resources, and the virtual services.

Applications of virtual reality technology in the field of cultural heritage

LI Xujian, LI Hao, XIONG Jiupeng
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 50-58. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.006
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Abstract ( 397 )
The virtual reality enjoys multisensory, immersive, interactive and imaginative features. In recent years, the development of the virtual reality technology has provided a new way for the protection of the cultural heritage. This paper reviews the applications of the virtual reality technology in the cultural heritage protection based on the information of the Web of Science and CNKI from 2010 to 2019, focusing on the material and intangible cultural heritages. It is found that the researches of virtual reality have mainly focused on the artifacts, the alligraphy and painting, the sculpture and the architectural sites in the field of material cultural heritage, and in the field of intangible cultural heritage, the researches have mainly focused on oral stories and sound, traditional skills and customs. With the advances of technology, the speed and the accuracy of the 3D modeling are continuously improving, and the addition of sound enhances the immersion of the virtual system. On this basis, the research direction is highlighted.

A virtual reality system for collaborative assembly process

ZHENG Yu, HONG Liang, ZHENG Ganling
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 59-64. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.007
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Abstract ( 169 )
The collaboration between human and robot is advantageous for complex industrial assembly processes, especially, when the increased flexibility and adaptability become a key feature of production systems. The virtual reality (VR) systems can be used to simulate the cooperative processes, including workers and their individual behavior. The VR simulations make it possible to secure the running of the processes and reduce the physical and mental barriers between human and robot. This paper presents a methodical approach for the implementation of the systems for the virtual testing of the collaborative assembly processes. To replicate the assembly process with the highest possible verisimilitude, a specific VR system is built based on the analysis of the assembly process. The core features of the system are the physical simulation of the assembly process, the integration of the robot control and a haptic feedback for the operator.

Design and development of virtual simulation experimental teaching system for group callisthenics rehearsal

HOU Peng, YU Shaoyong
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 65-71. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.008
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Abstract ( 235 )
In order to solve for the group callisthenics teaching the problems of too many rehearsals, too long time and the difficulty in organization, a virtual simulation teaching experiment is designed and developed for the group gymnastics rehearsal, mainly through the computer technology to create the rehearsal scene and the personnel 3D modeling. Students can create and design the group gymnastics formation by using the virtual simulation of the whole rehearsal process. The teaching experiment results show that the program can help students master the running route, direction and cooperation with other people, and improve the rehearsal efficiency of large-scale group callisthenics performance scenes.

An analysis of industry policies enhanced by local governments in China for virtual reality from the perspective of policy tools and IIRs

FAN Liya, MA Jieyuan, ZHANG Rong, ZHANG Kefa, YIN Yuting
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 72-85. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.009
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Abstract ( 204 )
A series of related policies were issued by local governments in China to promote the development of the virtual reality industry, due to its rapid development. However, it is not well studied how to promote this industry development by the virtual reality industry policies at present. Based on the two-dimension analyzing framework of policy tools and industrial innovation requirements, this paper analyzes 61 policy documents related to the virtual reality policies issued by local governments in China. It is shown that ‘supply-side policy’ and ‘demand-side policy’ are more frequently used, focusing on the application and the promotion of the integration of the virtual reality technology and the traditional industry innovation in particular. But the percentile of environment-side policies is too low in the dimension of policy tools. In the dimension of industrial innovation requirements, most of the policy tools focus on the technology research and development, but the role of the capital and human resource elements is not well considered, as still an important problem to restrict the further sustainable development of the virtual reality industry.
Scientific Comments

Comments on consolidated European approach to space weather

LI Ming, TANG Weiwei, FAN Quanlin
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 86-94. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.010
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Abstract ( 460 )
The space weather becomes a global challenge to the human society in the new era. Europe is heavily influenced by the space weather and makes much effort to address the threats of extreme space weather events. This paper reviews the space weather related programs and the ground-based and space-borne monitoring facilities that Europe has built independently or through international cooperation; focusing on the assessment and recommendations for a consolidated european approach to space weather-as a part of a global space weather effort, for enhancing the ability of Europe to respond to space weather risks and its contribution to the global space weather effort. Europe plays an important role of the global space weather effort. China and Europe can jointly contribute to creating a community of shared future for mankind.
Review

A review of the nondestructive testing of wood based on acoustics

ZHANG Qinghui, DAI Yang, LI Junqiu, ZHONG Lihui, LAN Zengquan
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 95-103. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.011
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Abstract ( 845 )
Due to its advantages of low cost, portability and easy field operation, no radiation, and fast detection speed, the acoustic-based non-destructive testing method has been widely applied in the area of wood materials. In this paper, we present first the basic principles of common acoustic-based nondestructive testing methods, including the impact stress wave method, the ultrasonic method, the resonance method, the acoustic emission, the acousto-ultrasonics, and the tomography technology, and analyze and compare their characteristics. Then, we review the applications of these methods in the wood industry, such as the evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of wood and the detection of wood internal defects, and the studies of improving the detection accuracy, and analyze the difficulties in the acoustic-based wood non-destructive testing. Finally, we discuss the development trend of the wood non-destructive testing equipment in terms of signal source, signal transmission mechanism, signal analysis and processing, portability and real-time performance, and point out that the emergence of new theories and technologies will greatly promote the development of non-destructive detection for wood.

The coal gangue reused as environmental materials

TIAN Yiran, ZHANG Xiaoran, LIU Junfeng, SONG Kaihong, ZHANG Ziyang, TAN Chaohong, LI Haiyan
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 104-113. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.012
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Abstract ( 784 )
As one of the world's largest industrial solid wastes, the coal gangue not only takes up a large area of land, but also harms the environment such as the atmosphere and the soil. Related researches show that the coal gangue can be used as an environmentally friendly material after being pretreated with its environmentally friendly performance. This paper reviews the resource-recycling methods and related researches of the coal gangue reused as environmental materials, including three aspects. The coal gangue enjoys a certain adsorption performance against pollutants such as nutrients, heavy metals and organic matter. Thus, it can be used as the economical adsorbent after pretreatment. With its high strength after being calcinated, it can be used as recycled building aggregate to produce permeable bricks and permeable asphalt. The organic matter and trace elements in the coal gangue can increase the content of the humic acid in the soil and improve the soil quality, then promote plant growth. This area is a prospective research direction, to improve the pretreatment method of the coal gangue, and explore the removal effect and the mechanism for different or multiple pollutants. In the actual production, more processing methods such as the crushing and the screening of the coal gangue could be developed, the systematic fertilization process should be established and applied. More comprehensive related standards should be formulated. New ideas and research directions are suggested for the management and the friendly utilization of the coal gangue.

The mechanical responses of cell to electrical stimulation

SUN Weihao, MA Jianli, LIU Hailong, WU Chengwei, ZHANG Wei, PENGPAT Kamonpan
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 114-122. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.013
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Abstract ( 636 )
In the past 40 years, the electrical stimulation is widely applied in biomedicine, largely due to the progress achieved in the experimental studies of electrical stimulation of cells. The obtained results are valuable for developing novel diagnosis and therapy techniques for diseases. Recent studies focused on the mechanism by which electrical stimulation alters cellular biological behavior, but the interpretation of many of related phenomena is difficult and controversial. We discuss the experimental equipment for electrical stimulation of cells from three aspects:the direct current electric field, the sinusoidal electric field and the pulsed electric field, and the effects of electrical stimulation on the mechanical properties of cells, including the elasticity modulus, the intercellular stress, the cell adhesion and the cell membrane tether force, as well as the corresponding biological mechanism and the application of electrical stimulation in inducing the cell differentiation, the apoptosis and changing the cell migration direction. The correlations among the electrical stimulation, the mechanical characteristics of cells and the biological behavior of cells are analyzed. Finally, we highlight the existing problems in the electrical stimulation of cells and put forward some suggestions for the future development.
Papers

Design of 5G power emergency communication devices

WU Zhan, JIN Yan, GAO Xianfeng, ZHANG Naiping, ZHANG Yan, WEI Gaorong
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 123-129. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.014
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Abstract ( 310 )
The 5G power emergency communication device is studied from the view point of the theory, the hardware, the software, the networking application and the key technologies. It has a multi-port and multi-mode converged gateway, and adopts the multi-mode fusion, the anti-interference and other technologies to realize the compatibility of the 5G network with the electric power wireless private network and other networks. The wireless network can be selected according to the quality of the wireless channels, to support the dynamic path, provide a reliable and high-speed wireless transmission channel for the electric power data return, and meet the emergency rescue communication requirements for command operations.

Simulation of COVID-19 propagation and transmission mechanism and intervention effect based on generalized SEIR model

WANG Jianwei, CUI Zhiwei, PAN Xiaoxiong, DONG Shi
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 130-138. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.015
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Abstract ( 585 )
The coronavirus disease 2019 has spread to a great number of countries and regions around the world, and the spread processes and the infection prediction models of the COVID-19 vary from country to country. Based on the COVID-19 published data from the United States and China, this paper first applies the generalized SEIR model to estimate the disease transmission parameters, then, determines the influence of each parameter in the basic infection number R0 on the disease. Based on the Anylogic simulation, a system dynamics model is used to analyze the parameter sensitivity, and to quantitatively characterize the influence of key parameters on the disease transmission. Finally, according to the analysis results, some targeted prevention and control intervention measures are put forward, with China and the United States as examples to simulate the intervention effects of different prevention and control levels. It is found that the generalized SEIR model fits well with the transmission mechanism of the COVID-19 in China and the United States. The protection rate, the infection rate and the average quarantine time have a significant impact on the prevention and the control of the epidemic. Targeted measures are adopted to improve the protection rate, reduce the infection rate and shorten the average quarantine time.

Practice and enlightenment of international collaboration management of the Geospatial Double Star Exploration Program

LI Chao, ZHONG Xiuping, PANG Hongxun
Science & Technology Review. 2020, 38 (22): 139-148. ;  doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2020.22.016
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Abstract ( 274 )
The Geospatial Double Star Exploration Program (the "Double Star Program" for short, DSP) is China's first space science satellite program, and also the first space science satellite program of in-depth international cooperation mainly carried out by China. It is a model of successful cooperation between China and Europe. This paper reviews the research and development task management of the DSP, the international cooperation situation of the DSP, and the international cooperation management practice of the DSP. According to the DSP, a strict engineering organization and management system is established, to promote the implementation of tasks through the monthly engineering scheduling regular meeting, the special coordination meeting and the general manager's experience, as well as the management/technical coordination meeting mechanism and liaison mechanism; through the mechanism of the Scientific Steering Committee, the scientific working team and the scientific work joint meeting, with the maximum output of achievements. Among them, the experiences of the principal investigator mechanism, the data sharing mechanism, the documentation specification, the epidemic response measures and other experiences provide an important reference for the future international cooperation in space science.

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